Osmosis - ndi ... n'zosiyana Osmosis ndi chiyani?

njira Osmotic zochokera luso lachibadwa wa zosungunulira yakubuluka sing'anga wambiri, kusiya particles mchere yachilendo. Kuchedwa otsiriza zimathandiza Kakhungu semipermeable ndi kuthamanga pa zomwe mphamvu ndi mayamwidwe amapezeka (zikusefukira). Mu alipidwa tanthauzo osmosis - zosefera uyu, amene amathandiza kuyeretsa madzi. Pakuti chifaniziro zithunzi ndondomeko iyi, inu angatanthauze luso desalination ndi madzi njira yolera yotseketsa.

Kupeza madzi oyera kumachitika chifukwa cha ndimeyi zachilengedwe ake napyola zotchinga wapadera, kumbuyo amene ali osafunika mchere. Mu m'madzi n'zosiyana osmosis unsembe amalola kupulumutsa madzi mchere. Makampani ndi mankhwala, monga ulamuliro, mankhwala mosamala TV amadzimadzi chofunika kubala mankhwala ena.

n'zosiyana osmosis

Kumbali ya kuyeretsa ntchito izo m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito n'zosiyana osmosis. Asayansi apeza luso zamoyo multicellular pochitika kapena kusunga madzi. Mukachipinda ali Kakhungu anakafika mu Zosefera, yomwe ndi ndime ya madzi, koma zovuta ndi kusiya zinthu polurastvorennye. M'kupita a pasukuluyi imagwiridwa kagayidwe - wathanzi kukhala mu thupi ndi poizoni kuchokera slag wa - M'malo mwake, anasonyeza. Dziwani kuti osmosis ndi - ndi ndondomeko achilengedwe, koma nthawi zoipazi umagwiritsidwa ntchito iyende bwino kuyeretsa.

Choncho, nkhani ya madzi Kakhungu semipermeable adzalola Ndime ya H2 O ndi kusungunuka mmenemo chinthu kuchedwa kufikira zosayembekezereka wa mgwirizano ndi sing'anga kulimbikira. Nkofunika kudziwa kuti osmosis - ichi mayamwidwe mwachindunji zimene tikhoza kunena pamene mphamvu ya kuthamanga zachilengedwe akuyamba olumpha hayidiroliki.

chigamulocho nembanemba osmosis

Mu kupanga nembanemba kwa osmosis ntchito ma polima kupanga. Ntchito yaikulu ya zinthu ndiyo kupereka chopinga Mankhwala oipitsa mkulu maselo kulemera, pamene kupereka ndime zinthu otsika maselo, kuphatikizapo Mpweya wabwino ndi chlorine.

Inamangidwa nembanemba polymeric chigamulocho osmosis machitidwe madzi atsogolere kulekana woyera wa madzi ku zodetsa za. Mosiyana ndi njira zina zamakono za kusefera, osmosis kumafuna pamaso pa madzi pa mbali zonse za chigawo kusefera. Komabe, mbali imodzi ndi kusinthitsa (madzi woyera), ndi zina - madzimadzi ndi zosafunika, lomwe mwina salt, colloids, mabakiteriya ndi organics zosiyanasiyana.

Ntchito osmosis nembanemba kwa

Amapanga n'zosiyana osmosis njira Mwachangu angakonze avareji 20% ya madzi okwana. Komabe, ena makhazikitsidwe zina zamakono kubweretsa chithunzi ichi 80%. Chinthu china kuti ali ku mbali yaikulu apadera kwambiri Zosefera osmosis kuti ali kuwerengedwa misa ogula. Komabe, n'zosiyana dongosolo osmosis panopa chimodzi cha njira zamakono kwambiri apamwamba ndi zapamwamba kuchitira madzi a ubwino uliwonse.

Prefilters

Childs, n'zosiyana osmosis dongosolo kumaphatikizapo magawo angapo zosefera. Tifotokozereni poyamba Mankhwala oipitsa ndi zosafunika madzi amakhala prefilter. Ntchito yake si kwambiri pokonza madzi ntchito zapakhomo, ngati kuyeretsedwa zake zikuluzikulu za zinthu zimene zingasokoneze nembanemba wa sefa chachikulu. Makamaka, pa siteji iyi chigamulocho osmosis dongosolo kuchedwa chlorine ndi zosafunika zina, osafunika kukhudzana ndi postfilter.

Monga ulamuliro, ntchito kuyeretsedwa koyamba Zosefera mpweya - chotchuka ntchito zitsanzo katiriji. Mpweya "ngalande" amachotsa madzi kuchokera chlorine, amene kudzivulaza nembanemba polima. Kuti m'pofunika kumvetsa kufunika ndi kukonzekera madzi amene angathe kukonzedwa ndi osmosis. Madzi kuyeretsedwa - ndi ku mawonedwe a chitetezo cha zipangizo kusefera? Makamaka kutetezedwa mankhwala zako kuti awononge kapangidwe ka zinthu kuyeretsa. Kucotsa chlorine mofanana siteji kuyambirira kungathandize kwambiri kumapangitsanso moyo wautali wa dongosolo.

pambuyo zosefera Kakhungu

Pali mitundu iwiri waukulu nembanemba kwa kusefera - ndi lathyathyathya ndi tubular. Lathyathyathya filimu chitsanzo kuimira mankhwala kukhala zolimba kapena gawo lapansi monga gawo lapansi. Pakuti n'zosiyana osmosis osmosis amagwiritsidwa ntchito Mabaibulo multilayer, mmene aliyense filimu lakonzedwa kuti katundu wina. Wosanjikiza m'munsi ambiri amanyamula Kakhungu ikuthandizira kapena akuthandiza ntchito, wachiwiri - mwachindunji nawo kusefera ndi chomaliza - amatiteteza kunja.

Tubular chitsanzo - madzi Zosefera, osmosis omwe amaperekedwa ndi ulusi wapadera ndi awiri a ku 0,5 mm. Una dongosolo CHIKWANGWANI imatengedwa kuti ikhale yopambana pa kuyeretsa. Chifukwa cha kukula ka ulusi Kakhungu, lalikulu padziko ntchito amaperekedwa. Koma samalani zosefera mfundo ndi mwachibadwa kumabweretsa kupanda chidwi - nembanemba tubular mwamsanga kusukulutsa, napempha apamwamba madzi mankhwala.

Unsembe ndi ntchito mfundo ya Zosefera ndi

Kupereka cholimba ndi kothandiza kuyeretsedwa kumafuna unsembe lolingana zida, kusamalira kujambula sefa dera ndi kulumikiza mpope. Tinganene, unsembe wa osmosis n'zosiyana kumafuna oyamba ndi chilimbikitso mapampu, chifukwa chimene kuthamanga yokumba analengedwa. Pali masensa a kuthamanga ndi otsika.

Madzi. kwa n'zosiyana osmosis unsembe mwachindunji kwa mpopi, ndiyeno akudutsa mu chisanadze fyuluta processing wa malasha. mpope ali anayamba nthawi yomweyo pambuyo kuyambirira madzi mankhwala fyuluta, koma Kakhungu lapansi. Kudutsa ndi kuyeretsa koyambirira, madzi akulowa mpope wagawo polowera. The linanena bungwe la wagawo izi chikugwirizana ndi valavu chitsekere kwambiri. Kumbali ina valavu ayenera olumikizidwa chubu anakafika kwa mpopi ndi madzi aukhondo ndi Kakhungu lapansi.

Opanga ndi mitengo

Kukhazikitsa osmosis kunyumba, ndi mwayi kugwiritsa ntchito mkulu khalidwe ndi madzi oyera Zosefera kupereka alimi onse Russian ndi makampani akunja. Makamaka, kampani "Aquaphor" ndi "Geyser" amakulolani kukhazikitsa n'zosiyana osmosis, mtengo umene umasiyana 8 mpaka 14 chikwi. Pakani. Kusiyana kwa zikwi zingapo ndi chifukwa ntchito ndi magwiridwe a mwayi Zosefera. Mwachitsanzo, chitsanzo, "kutchuka MP" ndi mzere pamwamba mu "Hot Spring" ndipo walola madzi amenewa. Chilumba Kampani amadalira kuwongolera magawo zofunika zitsanzo zawo, ndi kusinthidwa wa "Patriot" ndi tsatane 5 kuyeretsa ndi 12-lita thanki kwa 8,5 zikwi.

Zosintha wamakhalidwe mu msika m'banja la Zosefera Kakhungu kupereka kutukula onse Japanese. Mwachitsanzo, kampani Katswiri Osmos mu mzere bajeti amapereka zinchito n'zosiyana osmosis, zomwe mtengo 9 zikwi. Perekani wina 6 zikwi. Mukhoza kupereka dongosolo kunyumba kusefera Praktic Osmos, chomwenso ndi okonzeka ndi mpope, ulamuliro pakompyuta ndi kusamba basi nembanemba lapansi.

Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa n'zosiyana kuyeretsedwa osmosis

Pa khalidwe la chilango cha ntchito yaikulu ya n'zosiyana osmosis fyuluta alibe wolingana. Mwachitsanzo, njira yoika mitsuko ngakhale m'mabaibulo yabwino ndi wosayerekezeka kuya kuyeretsa. Koma ali mawu enieni chinthu ichi kuti amaukitsa kukayikira phindu la zipangizo Kakhungu monga osmosis - njira imene madzi kwathunthu otchezedwa. Komabe, ambiri zitsanzo panopa amakulolani kuwunika kuyeretsa, kukhalabe mineralization madzimadzi.

Pakati pa kuipa osmosis n'zosiyana ndi kufunika ntchito zida multipart. Zosefera angapo, pamaso pa thankiyo, ndi dongosolo nthambi kukusalani kuthekera unsembe yaying'ono ya madongosolo otero. Lang'anani, chigamulocho osmosis kusefera, anapereka chitukuko cha ergonomics m'mwamba angakhaledi mtsogoleri yamphamvu mu gulu la njira kuonetsetsa madzi aukhondo ndi wathanzi.