Nkhondo ya Moscow: mwachidule ntchito. Zimphona Nkhondo Moscow

Wotchuka Nkhondo ya Moscow, mwachidule zomwe zikuphatikizapo nkhani zoipitsitsa Wamkulu kukonda dziko lako nkhondo anakhala kunasintha nkhondo zonse zida. Lisanaperekedwe, magulu German, malinga ndi dongosolo blitzkrieg, n'kukakhala kum'mawa, pafupifupi popanda wopikisana naye. Mu mzinda wa likulu la asilikali Ulamuliro wa Nazi Soviet inaima.

Dongosolo la Mfumu

Ngakhale pamaso kuukira Soviet Union, Hitler pamsonkhano chinsinsi ananenetsa kuti kutenga Moscow iye ndi ntchito yofunika kwambiri ya msonkhano. Kugwa kwa likulu wandzakhala zokomera boma deathblow. The Mtsogoleri ankaganiza kuti ngakhale Nkhondo ya Moscow udzachitike mu miyezi itatu. Mwachidule zili wake "Barbarossa" dongosolo inauzidwa atsogoleri a magulu onse madzulo a kudutsa malire.

The Germany phazi pa nthaka Soviet pa 22 June. Quick adani a Moscow anali akadali zofunika ndiponso pofuna kupewa nkhondo ozizira aukali chapakati Russia. Monga amadziwika, m'zaka za m'ma XIX, asilikali Napoleon anavutika kwambiri chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa maphunziro nyengo yakunja. asilikali French, atakulungidwa mu chikhoto woonda, kuzizira ndi kufa pa msewu.

Hitler sanafune kubwereza tsoka la Bonaparte kotero bwinobwino wokonzedwera kwa nkhondo. Mu 1941 iye kale m'gulu lonse la ku Ulaya kupatulapo mayiko amene ananena chosalowerera ndale zake. Choncho, Mfumu uku kum'mawa gulu lake lonse lankhondo, kuyembekezera ulendo wabwino. Iwo anasiya nkhondo ya Moscow. Executive mkota pa ntchito iyi inali Chitsanzo chachikulu tingachipeze powerenga za wolephera dongosolo la nkhondo zolawula.

Sachedwa nagonjetsa German

Ngakhale kuukira Yehoramu, ndi German Army yatsekeredwa pa Smolensk, kumene anataya miyezi iwiri yozungulira magulu Soviet. Pa malo Leningrad ndi Kiev, palinso wamphamvu kukana. Chifukwa cha ichi, ndodo anali kutambasula kulankhulana awo, akuponyera asilikali kuchokera kutsogolo kwa wina ndi mzake.

Potsiriza, pa September 30 anayamba wopita German zolawula pa Moscow. Iyo inali ntchito logwirizana wa makamu angapo, onyamula luso lamakono kuti nthawi. Malinga kuwerengetsera wa Wehrmacht, magulu Soviet kulondera likulu, anayenera kukhala nawo mu boilers ndipo yawonongeka m'dera la Vyazma ndi Bryansk. Pambuyo Moscow chidzatsale chitetezo, ndi inu mukhoza kuchita chirichonse chimene inu mukufuna.

mphamvu za zipani

Ndi chiyambi cha muyezo wa asilikali anali motere otsutsa. Pa njira ya asilikali a German (pafupifupi 2 miliyoni) anali asilikali Soviet analipo pafupifupi 1.2 miliyoni anthu. Kumenyana kutsogozedwa ndi akazembe makamaka achinyamata amene anapulumuka kupondereza Stalinist mu zaka za Great mantha. Zinali Boris Shaposhnikov, Ivan Konev, Georgy Zhukov, Andrei Yeremenko ndi Yakobo Cherevichenko. Makamaka chithunzi cha ngwazi za Nkhondo Yapachiweniweni Semena Budennogo.

Kumene, mawu omaliza chigamulo cha ndodo anali wa Iosifom Stalinym amene anatsalira ku Moscow, ngakhale achoke Unyinji wa mabungwe boma ndi chuma likulu.

Chiyambi cha nkhondo

Nkhondo wamagazi wa Moscow, mwachidule zomwe zili buku lililonse pa zochitika za m'ma XX, lamulo German ankatchedwa opaleshoni "Mvula ya mkuntho". Simungachite linatsindika mapulani wofuna ya Ulamuliro wa Nazi - mofulumira ndi opanda chifundo mwamphamvu kuti usese mzere womalizira pa chitetezo, amene anali ataima pa msewu wopita ku likulu la USSR.

Nthawi yoyamba (September 30) panali Bryansk Front. Patapita masiku awiri, gulu amanyansidwa limodzi ndi Wehrmacht mu Roslavl m'deralo. Opaleshoni imeneyi wopambana. Zingapo makamu Soviet (19 TH, 20 TH, 24 TH 32 TH) anazungulira.

Moyo likulu

Pa nthawi yomweyo mu Moscow anayamba yoweyula wina yolimbikitsa. Wamba kulandira chida, nthawi yomweyo anapita kutsogolo komwe kwa gawo lalikulu anawonongeka mu nyama chopukusira ndi Wehrmacht. Ambiri mwa ngwazi za Nkhondo ya Moscow kuti samadziwika. Nthawi zambiri wamba mbisoweka popanda kufufuza, ndipo matupi awo anali konse ngakhale yamtendere. Chachikulu misa manda, imene mopupuluma m'manda mwachisawawa akhala wamba. Ambiri zipilala za NYAKHONDO Unknown ndi malawi wosatha pambuyo anamangidwira polemekeza akuvutika chifukwa cha nkhondo ndi nkhanza.

makampani kenanso opaleshoni mu Moscow. Onsewo anasamutsidwa kum'mawa - m'dera Volga ndi Urals. Party utsogoleri anayesa kukhazikitsa chakudya khola la zonse zofunikira asilikali kutsogolo. M'dziko panalibe amene moyo wamtendere. Ngakhale anthu kumbuyo ntchito mosinthana ndi bwino Red Army.

Perete pa November 7

Nthawi yovuta kwambiri kwa chitetezo pa kalendala zinachitika mu masiku pamene dziko lonse pachikhalidwe chikondwerero cha chikumbutso wa October kuukira boma. Nkhondo ya Moscow mu 1941 inali yomweyo amapha Zomwe zinachitika, zochitika za Petrograd makumi awiri mphambu anayi chaka chimodzi. Stalin anazindikira izi, kotero chisanadze analamula likulu kukonzekera chikondwerero cha mwambowu.

Usiku wa November 7 Moscow atsogoleri asilikali anawalamula kutsogolera gulu lake la Red Square. Wamba kuyembekezera perete yaikulu. Nkhondo ya Moscow 1941, atamukoka mu amuna amphamvu onse, basi chamtsogolo ana boma la Russia ndi m'misewu wamng'ono yomweyo anapita kutsogolo. Pa nthawi imeneyo, anathamanga angapo makilomita ku likulu.

Kugonjetsedwa kwa dziko la Germany

Mobwerezabwereza, ngwazi za Nkhondo ya Moscow atathamangitsidwa nkhondo ya akasinja ndi oyenda, yokutidwa ndi kunyanyala mpweya ndi zida zankhondo bursts. Chakumapeto November, magawano lopondereza zitengere pafupi zotheka kuti likulu. Iwo anagwira Krasnaya Polyana, komwe anayamba shelling mzinda. Hitler unali ofunika propaganda kusuntha.

Komabe, December 5 chinali chiyambi cha potsimikizira-amanyansidwa a asilikali Soviet mu Nkhondo ya Moscow. The Germany namizidwe awo ulendo miyezi-motalika, ndipo potsiriza anayamba kuphwera. Akufa wotopa asilikali chisanu imfa kapena kuperekedwa kwa asilikali a Red Army. Patapita milungu ingapo, ndi Wehrmacht anathamangitsidwa kwa makumi makilomita. The masiku oipa kwambiri a nkhondo anasiyidwa. Pa chaka chamawa anali kumenyana lolemera, koma galimoto German kale analephera. Chiyambi cha Nkhondo ya Moscow anali zizindikiro za munthu wolephera.

Maina a ena otchuka a nkhondo akhala gawo la mbiri. Ali:

• Zoe Kosmodemyanskaya;
• Timothy Lavrischev;
• Victor Talalikhin;
• 28 ngwazi Panfilov, lotsogoledwa ndi VG Klochkov ndi ena.

Kupambana kwa asilikali Soviet (pamodzi ndi Nkhondo ya Stalingrad) Kodi mfundo wotembenukira Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World.