Wambiri Vladimira Komarova ndi mfundo zosangalatsa za moyo

Cosmodrome "Baikonur" pa 3 koloko April 23, 1967 anatenga awiri basi wotchuka malo ofufuza: Yuri Gagarin ndi Vladimir Komarov. Mu ichi usiku fateful Yuri monga kuyezetsa understudy, koma Choyamba kukhala bwenzi anapita mnzake mu ndege pa spacecraft "Soyuz-1". Zinali Mphindi 35 isanayambe opareshoni, ndi Nyamulani anatenga chombo pamwamba pa Roketi ku galimoto. Gagarin anakhalabe ndi Vladimir Komarov pamaso kutseka hatches, ndipo anali mmodzi wotsiriza amene ankafuna iye zabwino zonse ... ndipo potsanzikana ndi iye.

chinsinsi kutsatsa

Mu 1959, monga woyendetsa ndege zankhondo, Vladimir Mikhailovich wachititsa oyang'anira ofesi, kumene anakumana ndi anthu awiri womuimira. Mmodzi wa iwo anali dokotala usilikali, ndipo chachiwiri - ndi Air Force msilikaliyo. The katswiri wachinyamata anapereka ntchito chinsinsi, ndipo anati yekha kuti ndikoyenera kuti ayese njira ndi kuwuluka pa okwera mkulu. "Chotsalira" - Vladimir Komarov ndinaganiza, chifukwa ukuuluka loto lake. Choncho, yankho Nthawi yomweyo ndipo positive.

Chaka chino panali kusankha mayeso cosmonaut, ndi zofunikira ndi: kutalika mamita 1.7 ndi kulemera kwa makilogalamu 70 mpaka zaka 30. Pa nthawi imeneyo, Vladimir zaka 32, koma chidziwitso chake ongolankhula kunali koyenera lamulo, ndipo iye anali mu kumuwombera 20 wasankhidwa kuti chiyesedwe chinsinsi.

Oyendetsa anathamanga tsiku lililonse, sonyezani m'chipinda kutentha, centrifuge ndi skydive. miyezi 3 yekha, zinadziwika kuti anyamata ali okonzeka kuti atumizidwe ku malo.

buthulo ndege

Ya kulemba anthu usilikali izo anakonza kusankha kosmoprohodtsa chimodzi chokha, koma pambuyo ndege yoyamba Yuriya Gagarina, yemwe wasankhidwa mu pamwamba makumi awiri, zinaonekeratu kuti munthu mmodzi ntchito pa kufufuza malo si.

Ndipo October 12, 1964 ku malo yoyamba Mipikisano seater "Voskhod". Anakonza gulu la zitatu: woyendetsa, dokotala ndi injiniya. Vladimir Komarov yoikidwiratu mtsogoleri wa anthu ogwira ntchito. Komanso, zochita Mkulu Lamulo kutumiza anthu popanda masuti danga, chifukwa malo atatu mu "Kutuluka dzuwa" si kokwanira.

Galimoto anayamba pa 7:30 am, lipoti miyambo Komarov anaperekedwa Khrushchev, ndiye kuyitana wachiwiri kwa boma la Russia analidziwitsa pa patsogolo Brezhnev ndi D. Ustinov. Komabe, atsogoleri chipani anali mu malo. Ndipo zimenezi sizinachitike mwangozi, chifukwa pa mphindi ino kukonzekera "Small October kuukira boma," amene cholinga anali kulanda boma panopa.

Kuti mufotokoze?

Ndi ndege yoyamba Gagarin unali mwambo malinga ndi zomwe Mlembi General anakumana ndi chombo pa Red Square kale waukulu wa mbiri ya ntchito mwachita.

Titatera, ndi "Dawn" pa bolodi ndi Vladimir Komarov Khrushchev kale kuchotsedwa mphamvu, amene lipoti lomwe osadziwika lapansi. Ngakhale mlembi wamkulu anali mpando popanda mtsogoleri, ndi chombo sanalole adalira kwa Baikonur. masiku asanu akatswiri anatsalira mobisa, chifukwa anaulukira ku NS Khrushchev nabwera monga anadzakhala kudziwika, pamene Leonid Brezhnev.

Pamene oyendetsa anapatsidwa kugwedeza kwa kufika mu Moscow, Vladimir mu ndege nthawi akuyamba kulilembanso lipoti ndipo malemba malipoti ndi m'malo a pempholi boma. Awa, mawu akuti tsopano anazimiririka: "Okondedwa Nikita Sergeyevich!"

Flight kuti "Kutuluka dzuwa" kwathunthu chimasintha moyo kwa katswiri ankhondo kuchokera pano cosmonaut Vladimir Komarov - Hero wa Soviet Union.

thandizo odana

Cha m'ma 60s panali awiri danga wagawo: asilikali ndiponso anthu wamba akatswiri. anali kudana pakati pa magulu. Limasimba Georgy Grechko, amene anali gawo la chombo wamba pa maphunziro thupi anyamatawo ku detachment asilikali anali atazungulira Otsutsa ndi kupeza chifukwa iwo anabwera lamulo danga. Ndipotu nkhani ya Civil Akatswiri kumanga zombo, ndi anyamata ochokera unit asilikali adamfunira kuwuluka. Ndipo izo zonse zinali zolakwika, malo ndege anali wotanganidwa ndi akatswiri asilikali.

Mu tacit nkhondo kusakonda wa Goliyati anali impregnated ndi membala aliyense chipani koma wabwino Vladimir Komarov, amene anali wa asilikali. Pambuyo ankafika zoipa Georgy Grechko, imene anali ndi mwendo wosweka, funso kuchotsedwa wake. Koma Vladimir, pokhala wosiyana detachment anatsimikizira kasamalidwe pa nthawi yolandira chithandizo Grechko kumulola kuwerenga nkhani pa Cosmonaut Training Centre, ndipo pambuyo kuchira kwathunthu kubwerera ku maphunziro malo ndege.

matenda

Pamaso pa ndege yoyamba mu 1963, mu vuto pamene Kupenda dokotala anatsimikizira Vladimir Komarov. Titamaliza maphunziro mu centrifuge woyendetsa cardiogram anasonyeza zotsatira osauka. mtima A - ndi zofunika kwambiri m'thupi kwa wokayenda pamwezi kuposa mwendo wosweka. Pali vuto, yankho limene anali kudutsa Kugawilidwa kwanthaka mwana.

Ndiye gulu lonse kutsogoleredwa ndi Yuriem Gagarinym kumbuyo bwenzi lake, ndipo anasankhidwa dokotala Kupenda chachiwiri. Ndiye dokotala Adil Kotovskaya tinapeza chifukwa wosauka chifukwa cardiogram. Chinthu ndi mwezi pamaso pa centrifuge Vladimir tonsils kuchotsedwa, ndi pamaso kuphunzitsa woyendetsa anabisa mfundo imeneyi.

The kafukufuku wina wachiwiri anali wotsimikiza kuti Komarov, ndi madokotala ananena: ". Poona cardiogram chabe kuuluka mu danga"

Youth Vladimir Komarov: yonena

Mu sukulu Moscow nambala 235 anachoka 1 sitandade 10, Volodya. Bambo ake anali osamalira komanso panthawi yake yopuma ndi mwana wake kuzilemba zitsanzo ndege. Iwo kulephereka chizindikiro kusankha ntchito m'tsogolo. Nditamaliza sukulu ya sekondale, mnyamata amapita ku ndege sukulu, maphunziro kuti, anatumizidwa kukatumikira Chechnya.

Siteshoni ntchito Vladimir anakumana mkazi wake Valentina Kiseleva. Kwa nthawi yoyamba iye anamuona mu chithunzi, poyera monga kuwombera wabwino chithunzi situdiyo. Mtsikanayo pa nthawi kuphunzira pa University Pedagogical ndi ntchito mabuku madzulo. Vladimir ankakonda kuwerenga, pafupipafupi maulendo ku laibulale, kumene kunali wokoma mtima Valentine, pogwiritsa ntchito. Ngakhale kusafuna makolo Valentina wa ukwati wawo, chaka chibwenzi overruled iwo, ndi ukwati zinachitika. Wapabanja Valentina ndi Vladimir Komarov anali ndi ana awiri: mwana Eugene ndi mwana Irina.

chikumbutso Last

The ndege Poyamba osati kutchuka Komarov, koma mphatso ndi boma - nyumba zinayi chipinda. Pambuyo zikusungira asilikali linali lalikulu adakhala ndi khonde, ndi loggia ndi khitchini yaikulu. Tsopano ana mipata yokwanira kusewera kubisalirana, popanda kuchoka panyumba pathu. Onse anali osangalala, kupatula Valentine. mkazi chinachake ogwetsa wokayenda pamwezi a.

March 16, 1967 nyumba analandira alendo pa tsiku la makumi anai a Vladimir. Victor Kukeshev mu kuyankhulana zoyenera kukumbukira za ngwazi za filimuyo, ananena kuti patha zaka makumi anai zinali zodzaza zipatso. Pa tisangalale chikondwerero palibe alendo sakanakhoza kuganiza kuti pambuyo miyezi 1.5 adzaona chithunzi Vladimira Komarova ndi wakuda riboni pansi.

The kukhazikitsidwa kwa "Soyuz-1"

Pambuyo potumiza "Soyuz-1" pa bolodi ndi Komarov KVN amaonetsa anamva kuti danga tsopano, April 23, 1967, ndi chombo Soviet. Ndipotu, mu zochitika zoseketsa wa dziko chitaperekedwa ndi chithunzi ndi zimenezi. Nyumba anapereka ovation ataima. Ndipo pa April 24 nkhani iliyonse ndi malipoti ochokera malo sindimakhoza kumva. Valentina akhadikhira ngwazi ake. Dzuka mmwamba kuitana kwa mkazi wake anali mwadzidzidzi ulendo kunyumba foni. Ngakhale kuti ankadziwa kuti oyendetsa asilikali foni nthawi zonse chikhalidwe ntchito. Koma wakuda Volga anayendetsa nabwerako pakhomo Komarovs anapha chiyembekezo kuona Valentine mumaikonda. Wapolisiyo-General, amene anabwera kuuza achibale tsoka wokayenda pamwezi, analibe ngakhale kuti zokamba kutsegula. Valentine chabe adamfunsa Iye za zotuluka pa mfundo.

April 26, 1967 unachitikira maliro a Hero wa Soviet Union. Cosmonaut Vladimir Komarov anali moyo imeneyi mpanda Kremlin. Ndipo tsopano pali urn ndi phulusa lake.

Zimayambitsa ndege zinalephereka

"Soyuz-1" Kuuluka chombo nthawi lonse adanyamulidwa, chifukwa nthawi iliyonse panali mavuto amene anafunika lithe. Koma okonza mofulumira mabwana akuluakulu mwamsanga kukhazikitsa Sitima kuti lifanane ndi kupambana kwa chikumbutso 50 tili pa October kuukira boma. Makamaka pa nthawi imene mayiko amphamvu chachiwiri - United States ali patsogolo kwambiri kufufuza malo.

Safety chofunika za kukhazikitsidwa kwa ndege opanda. "Soyuz-1" onse atatu opanda mayeso analephera, koma pa bolodi ndi Komarov anatumizidwa ku malo. Atakhala chombo mu kanjira mavuto anayamba osati anatsegula selo dzuwa, ndi kupanda mphamvu ndi chifukwa, kulephera kulamulira ndi zodziwikiratu. Vladimir anayamba injini braking, unit anayamba kukonzekera ndegeyo. Pakatikati akuusa kulamulira, koma anauzidwa kuti Vladimir Komarov anaphedwa Orsk. Photo charred zotsalira anayenda mozungulira dziko lonse pakali pano, koma ndiye panali zambiri anthu udindo kufa, ndipo mchitidwe amunamuna a woopsa sanali anaphimba nyuzipepala ina iliyonse. Chifukwa cha imfa analengeza amakhotetsa zomangira za parachuti, chifukwa cha zomwe Sitima inayamba kugwa mofulumira. Ndiye kunali ntchito anapeza zolakwika 200 "Soyuz-1". Iwo kenako inathetsedwa, ndi lero ngalawayo zouluka popanda chochitika.