Tsiku la Paris kuyanjana: tsiku, mbiri ya

Tsiku la Paris kuyanjana chikondwerero ulemu za kupambana kwa woyamba proletarian zisinthe wa 1871, pa March 18. Paris kuyanjana wotchedwa kwaiye pa zochitika za 1871 ku likulu la boma chosintha French.

Chochitika Background 1871

France m'ma 19 ... Kugwira anawononga bourgeois ufumu mu February 1848, kuika patsogolo zofuna chosintha. Mu June chaka chomwecho ndi Paris proletariat m'manja zotsutsa a Republic "maudindo ndi likulu" a "Republic chikhalidwe". Ichi chinali poyesa choyamba lamulo bourgeois, woyamba kwambiri nkhondo yapachiweniweni pakati pa bourgeoisie ndi proletariat. A kugonjetsedwa waukulu 1848, chayamba kuchepa kalasi ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali. Only mu 1871 Iye ankafuna kutsutsa boma.

Amakondwerera Tsiku la Paris kuyanjana (1848 zochitika anatumikira monga mapangidwe ake) Anthu ambiri masiku ano.

zikamera

Poyamba unakhazikitsidwa pakati Prussia ndi France ndi osayanjanitsika mu nkhondo Franco-Prussian, zipolowe kunabuka Paris, unakula zingapo. Chifukwa, wodzilamulira kunachitika amene anapitilira 1871, 18 March mpaka 28 May. Paris kuyanjana kutsogozedwa ndi oimira zipani n'ngopandukira ndi Nazi. atsogoleri ake mwanena onse chitsanzo choyamba cha ulamuliro proletarian.

Zachilengedwe za mbiri anali zikamera wa Paris kulankhula. chifukwa panali kwambiri chikhalidwe zotsutsana zinalili anthu French, amene sakuyenda zikuchepa kwambiri akadzagonjetsedwa dziko pa Franco-Prussian nkhondo, umene unakhalapo kuchokera 1870 mpaka 1871. Chinapangidwa mu February, boma la Thiers (chithunzi chake chili m'munsimu), ndi protege wa bourgeoisie chachikulu, wavomereza ndi zinthu zamanyazi ndi wankhanza wa pangano mtendere. Magulu chosintha alabadira chilengedwe cha Republican Federation la Alonda National. Lotsogoleredwa ndi Komiti chapakati.

M'masiku oyambirira a zisinthe

Usiku wa pa March 18 zinachitikadi ndi Boma la Thiers akufuna kungafooketse ndi proletarian m'maboma a Paris ndi kudzagwira oimira Committee chapakati la Alonda National. Komabe, dongosolo analephera. Mantha, boma anathawira ku Versailles ku Paris. Alonda National ili mu holo mzinda, makina nyumba m'chipindacho. Pamwamba holo tawuni kukazikoloŵeka mbendera wofiira. Choncho anatsimikizidwa chifukwa cha zipolowe zida ndi chiwonongeko cha boma bourgeois, ndi Paris kulankhula. Chisankho ku kulankhula kwa Council Paris pa March 26. Patapita masiku awiri, anakhala msonkhano wake woyamba, zimene zinachititsa Proudhon Bele. Latsopano Town Hall pa March 29 anadzatchedwa mwalamulo mu Paris kulankhula.

Tsiku la Paris azilankhulana

Tsiku March 18, 1871 ndi wapadera m'mbiri ya France. Iye adziwe ndi kukumbukira bwino padziko lonse. Izo zinali ndiye anatsiriza zisinthe proletarian. March 18 anagwa mphamvu ya bourgeoisie lapansi. Linali tsiku loyamba la Paris kulankhula. 1848 chochitika anenedwa, monga takambirana kale, tsiku lalikulu ili. Malinga ndi chigamulo cha bungwe la International Choyamba mu chaka chotsatira pa March 18, tsiku inakhalanso holide yotchuka woyamba bwino kuyesa kulanda mphamvu za ndale ndi antchito. Lero wa Paris kulankhula. Wake chikondwerero mpaka 1917, ndipo m'dziko lathu mu misonkhano mopanda lamulo la mabungwe chosintha. Kwa nthawi yoyamba lero chosintha ankagwira chikondwerero pambuyo mu March 1923, Komiti ya DENR chapakati analengeza Tsiku lawo holide ya Paris kulankhula.

Amene anathandiza kuti zikamera wa Paris kulankhula?

Pa anangotsala pang'ono tsokalo anali France atagonjetsedwa ku Sedan. Ambiri a gawo wotanganidwa ndi asilikali Prussian. Iwo amatanganidwa kwa nthawi yochepa, madera ena a likulu. National Assembly osankhidwa 1871, 8 February, inkakhala monarchists zoonekera ndi covert. More antchito nkhondo Bismarck, adawopa bourgeoisie chachikulu. France pansi pa mawu a pangano kuyambirira ankafunika kulipira indemnity yaikulu Prussia. kukula kwake inali biliyoni 5 franc golide. Prussia anachititsanso Alsace ndi Lorraine.

alonda national

Ogwira ntchito ndi luntha mwapang'onopang'ono anateteza mumzindamo. Mu Paris, mu September 1870 Alonda National unakhazikitsidwa - 215 battalions. Pa nthawi yomweyo panali bungwe landale. Komiti chapakati la Alonda National pansi Ndisanaumbidwe anali kwenikweni mphamvu ya anthu.

Vuto la chisanu mu likulu

anthu amene amapeza ndalama zochepa mu kuzinga Paris anapirira njala komanso yozizira. Komanso, likulu shelling anali Prussian. Ndi chakudya zoipa. Amanenera ku Paris anadya akavalo zikwi makumi anai. ndalama yaikulu ndalama iwo analipira makoswe, amphaka ndi agalu. Normal chakudya patsiku 50 magalamu yakavalo, ndi magalamu 300 osauka mkate khalidwe anapangidwa kuchokera Mapila ndi mpunga. queues yaikulu anali pa ophika buledi ndi. Atakula mavuto, imene ingapatse ulimi amavutika.

Pre-chosintha zinthu anakhala mu Paris. A. Thiers anaganiza ndiye kumwazikana National Alonda mwankhondo, komiti yaikulu ya anamangidwa, kusaina mtendere komaliza ndi Bismarck, kenako abwezeretse ufumu. Mu Bordeaux, izo msonkhano msonkhano dziko, amene anasamukira ku Versailles.

Kusintha Division Versailles kumbali ya opandukawo

asilikali boma 1871, usiku wa March 18 anakwanitsa kugwila pafupifupi yonse inali pa misanje ya Montmartre zida zankhondo. Anthu a Paris ananyamuka tcheru. Posakhalitsa, opandukawo zapita pafupifupi gulu lonse la Versailles. Ichi chinali chimodzi cha zochitika zikuluzikulu ulimi proletarian. The battalions la Alonda National mkulu wa Komiti ku Central anatenga nyumbayi utumiki, nyumba apolisi, siteshoni. Pamwamba holo tawuni madzulo March 19 kukazikoloŵeka mbendera wofiira. Choncho kuuka Paris kuyanjana (tsiku - 18/03/1871) - The boma proletarian, komanso chiwalo cha ulamuliro wa antchito. Zinatha masiku 72 okha. Komabe, mbiri ya Paris Sindingachite popanda chochitika, amene anali zonse nthawi ino.

Kulengeza Committee chapakati la Alonda National anthu

Komiti chapakati la Alonda National tsiku lomwelo chikalata pamtima anthu a France, limene anafotokoza chiyembekezo kuti likulu adzakhala chitsanzo mapangidwe mabwalo latsopano. Anajambula kuzinga kuti anali msanga. Iwo anati mu adiresi asilikali kuti mphamvu ya komitiyi ku Central tachokamo, chifukwa iwo sakufuna kulanda malo amene angayerekeze monga namondwe wa mkwiyo wa anthu. Atsogoleri a kugalukira pakokha analengeza ndi boma wogwirizira. Iwo sanayese n'komwe kutenga mphamvu zonse.

Chisankho kuti azilankhulana ndi

CC m'malo bungwe ulendo ku Versailles, ndinayamba kukonzekera chisankho kuti kulankhula ndi. Koma ankachititsa yogwira kampeni anthu ofuna antchito. Choncho kanthu chinatayika nthawi. zotsatira amapha anali kuopa atamunamizira mphamvu kudzitengera. kugalukira inatheka m'madipatimenti zambiri France ku likulu la dziko, koma chifukwa cha kusowa mgwirizano kanthu a chipani cholamulira sichinayambe anafika.

chisankho March 26 adamangidwa mu Bungwe la kulankhula, ndi ulamuliro wapamwamba. mipando Only 25 anachoka 86. Otsala antchito anagwira akapolo ndi aluntha. Unit wa Paris kuyanjana anali kusinthidwa ngati mawonekedwe a mphamvu makamaka mfundo kuzindikira mokwanira monga momwe tingathere ntchito chosintha anapereka njira ya zochitika.

zochita osati zinalengedwa ndi Council kulankhula. Iwo nawo kukhazikitsa zawo zothandiza. Inathetsedwa Choncho mabungwe osiyanasiyana komanso Kulekana kwa mphamvu za. Council kulankhula makomiti 10 kuchokera anthu ake anasankhidwa, udindo mbali zosiyanasiyana za anthu.

zachitetezo

The Paris kulankhula, monga mwa nthawi ya Jacobin mwankhanza, chifukwa cha anthu okhala ndi zida. M'maboma ambiri mwa likulu kuyambira March 18, apolisi anali m'malo mwa Alonda National, malo ake battalion.

Lamulo March 29, 1871 komanso anathetsa yolembedwa usilikali ndipo ananena kuti nzika kuti ali oyenera kuti utumiki aphatikizidwa Alonda National.

Zochita Versailles Government

Obisalamo mu Paris kuyanjana adani onse kudzera kubala kuti disorganize moyo wa likulu, kusokoneza vuto la kulankhula ndipo potero imathandizira uwonongedwe. Mwachitsanzo, zinali zonyoza zimayenda ogwira ntchito mabungwe oyang'anira tauni ndi boma, lomwe bungwe la boma Versailles. Kulankhula kwa March 29 anaganiza kuti malamulo ndi malangizo ake wamkulu malamulo mphamvu mulibe ndipo imvera ogwira ntchito yomweyo kuchotsedwa omwe akufuna kunyalanyaza chigamulo ichi.

Mu masiku oyamba pambuyo zochitika za March 18 anakhala wotsutsa mphamvu anakhazikitsa wa bourgeois atolankhani. Anayamba kumam'nyoza atsogoleri a Paris kulankhula, kupasuka mu adiresi yawo sizopeka njiru. CC, ndiyeno boma ikuchitika angapo zochita ndi zonsezi. Pafupifupi 30 manyuzipepala Parisian ndi magazini zidzatsekedwa pa kuli kulankhula ndi.

Watsimikiza April 2,

Mbiri ya Paris 1871 zinali zodzaza ndi mndandanda wa zochitika zodabwitsa. April 2, anaganiza kudzatunga Thiers, komanso mamembala asanu a boma Versailles mlandu. Iwo zimanenedwa chomwe nkhondo yapachiweniweni, kukonza kuukira likulu. Poyankha kuwombera akaidi pa April 5 kulankhula inaika lamulo pa Anagwiranso lapansi. Malinga ndi izo, munthu aliyense amene zimanenedwa mogwirizana ndi boma ndi ku Versailles, kumangidwa. Watsimikiza anaopseza kuphedwa kwa Anagwiranso atatu aliyense kuwombera Communards.

anthu mazana angapo amangidwa pa maziko a lamuloli. Ena mwa iwo anali Bonzhan, aphungu kale, Darbua Bishop Zhekker chachikulu banki, ndi gulu la gendarmes, ansembe ndi akuluakulu. Pa nthawi ya kuwombera akaidi anakakamizika suspend Versailles. Komabe, pamene zinadziwika kuti kuphedwa kwa Anagwiranso kulankhula ndi mofulumira ayi, adapitiriza kupereka akaidi federates. atsogoleri bwino atalephera kumvetsa bwino za kufunikira kwa kupondereza adani kalasi. Lenin, kupenda zifukwa kulephera wa Paris kulankhula, ananena kuti sikokwanira mwamphamvu ntchito kupondereza kukana ya zachitetezo.

Ngakhale kuti pa 28 May ulimi anagonjetsedwa, ndipo mu dziko lero, anthu ambiri akukondwerera Tsiku la Paris kulankhula. Ndi chizindikiro cha chigonjetso cha proletariat mu kulimbana mphamvu. Lililonse France amadziwa kuti pa March 18 - Tsiku la Paris kulankhula. tsiku uyu adatsikira ku mbiri pokwaniritsa woyamba mu dziko proletarian zisinthe.