Mu World nkhondo II zizindikiro chigonjetso. Kodi riboni St. George

Posachedwapa tidzakhala akukondwerera tsiku lokumbukira 70 kuyambira tsiku lalikulu pamene mmodzi wa nkhondo yamagazi kwambiri mu dziko lathu. Today aliyense bwino chizindikiro cha chigonjetso, koma aliyense akudziwa zomwe ndikutanthauza, mmene ndi amene anali anatulukira. Komanso, zinthu zilili kubweretsa zaluso awo, ndi likukhalira kuti ena a m'nkhaniyi bwino ubwana kuonekera mu umunthu osiyana.

Mbiri ya tepi St. George

Pali zizindikiro amene amatiuza za chochitika chinachake. Kwa zaka zingapo pa mzere mu tepi St. George ntchito monga chizindikiro cha chigonjetso. Iye anaperekedwa pa m'mizinda ya Russian patsogolo holide, tayi ake kuti magalimoto mlongoti ndi zikwama zam'manja. Koma n'chifukwa chiyani riboni anayamba kuuza ife ndi ana athu za nkhondo? Kodi riboni St. George?

St. George Njanji imagwiridwa mu mitundu iwiri - lalanje ndi wakuda. nkhani yake imayamba ndi msilikali wa Order wa St. Georgiya Pobedonostsa, amene anakhazikitsa Mfumukazi Catherine Wachiwiri November 26, 1769. tepi lino chinathandiza awarding a dongosolo USSR amatchedwa "alonda gulu." Kuperekedwa asilikali ake monga chizindikiro cha kusiyana wapadera. tepiyo anatambasula kudutsa Order Ulemerero.

ndi mitundu chiyani?

St. George riboni - chizindikiro cha chigonjetso, amene mitundu amasonyeza zotsatirazi: wakuda - utsi ndi lalanje - lawi. Order linaperekedwa kwa asilikali anamanganso zina za manja pa nkhondo, ndipo iye anali ankamuona ngati wosiyana asilikali mphoto. St. George Order zinakambidwa mu makalasi anayi:

1. Dongosolo la mlingo woyamba anali ku mtanda, nyenyezi ndi maliboni wakuda ndipo lalanje kamangidwe, ankavala Mendulo pa phewa lake lamanja pansi yunifolomu wake.
2. Dongosolo la kwaciwiri adafotokoza pamaso pa nyenyezi ndi mtanda lalikulu. Iye chokongoletsedwa ndi riboni woonda ndipo khosi ndi.
3. Mlingo lachitatu - dongosolo ili ndi mtanda kakang'ono pa khosi.
4. Mlingo wachinayi - mtanda kakang'ono, umene chobvalidwa mu buttonhole wa yunifolomu wake.

Kodi St. George riboni mawu a mtundu kuwonjezera pa utsi ndi malawi? Black ndi lalanje tsopano nacho ndi olimba mtima ankhondo ndi ulemerero. Kupereka mphoto imeneyi si anthu komanso kanali anali chikalata magawo asilikali. Mwachitsanzo, chitoliro siliva pachishango kapena nsalu.

mbendera St. George

Mu 1806 analowa mbendera St. George linapereka, amene korona pamtanda St. George ndipo muvale wakuda ndi lalanje riboni ndi mbendera mphonje kutalika kwa pafupifupi 4.5 masentimita mu 1878 Mfumu Alexander Wachiwiri, inalamula pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa kanali latsopano la asilikali Russian. Tsopano St. George maliboni anapatsidwa monga mphoto chifukwa cha zochita za asilikali Regiment lonse.

Miyambo ya asilikali Russian wadutsa kuchokera ku mibadwomibadwo, ndi Order Ulemerero sanasinthe. Pa WWII zinali madigiri atatu, mitundu chikasu ndi wakuda ya tepi, ndilo amatikumbutsa George Cross. tepi A atumiza anapitiriza kutumikira monga chizindikiro zogonjetsa asilikali.

tepi lero

Modern zizindikiro Chigonjetso gwero lawo ndi miyambo wakale Russian. Masiku ano, achinyamata ilidi maliboni zingwe zovala, kugawira kuti ziziyenda ndi odutsa kukumbutsa aliyense za chintchito ndi anthu athu kuonetsa umodzi awo. Mwa njira, lingaliro la kuchita zimenezo, ngati likukhalira, wa antchito uthenga bungwe "RIA NOVOSTI". Pamene iwo amati okha ogwira ntchito, ntchito zimenezi - kulenga chizindikiro cha holide, amene adzakhala msonkho kupirira anamenyela ndi kamodzinso kukumbutsa anthu amene anamwalira pa nkhondo. The lonse kanthu ndi chidwi: chaka chilichonse chiwerengero cha maliboni wamba kumawonjezera.

Kodi ena m'nkhaniyi?

Mwina, mu mzinda uliwonse pali Chigonjetso Park, omwe ali odzipereka kwa mlingo umenewu ulemerero wa grandfathers wathu ndi wamkulu-grandfathers. Nthawi zambiri, chochitika Times zosiyanasiyana zochitika, monga «kudzala mtengo." Chigonjetso chizindikiro zingaoneke ndi kutanthauziridwa mu njira zosiyanasiyana, koma chinthu chofunika kwambiri - kusonyeza kulowerera kwawo chochitika chofunika. Komanso, n'kofunika kukhala n'chikondi ndi kulemekeza kwawo ana athu kuthandiza ichi ndi chinthu choterocho kanthu zofunika. Choncho kanthu "Lilac Chigonjetso" unayambitsidwa madzulo a tsiku la 70 la Kugonjetsa, mu chimango cha imene Russian m'mizinda ngwazi adzakhala anabzala Alley lonse awa zomera wokongola maluwa.

Mbiri ya Chigonjetso mbendela

Chigonjetso Chabwino ambiri a ife taona zithunzi ndi filimu. Ndipotu, ndi mbendera ya kuukira kwa 150th Order ya Kutuzov II Digiri Idritsa oyenda Division, ndi kuti inaimika padenga la Reichstag mu Berlin pa May 1, 1945. Ife asilikali a Red Army Alexei Berest, Mikhail Yegorov ndi Meliton Kantaria. malamulo Russian wakhazikitsa mbendera ya Chigonjetso mu 1945 monga chizindikiro cha boma cha chigonjetso cha anthu Soviet ndi asilikali a dziko pa Anazi mu 1941-1945.

Kunja Chabwino zimatanthauza impromptu ndi kukhazikika mu munda asilikali USSR mbendera amene yomatidwa kutsinde ndi analenga monolayer wofiira nsalu kuyeza 82 mwa 188 cm. Kutsogolo pamwamba akuonetsedwa siliva zenga nyundo ndi nyenyezi zisanu zisonga, ndi otsala a intaneti olembedwa dzina magawano.

Kodi hoisting mbendera

Chigonjetso zizindikiro - izi ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe chaka otchuka chaka. Ndipo Kugonjetsa Chabwino atenge mbali yofunika kwambiri mu pali zinthu izi ndi zizindikiro. Kumbukirani kuti pa mapeto a April 1945 wakhala katundu kumenyana m'dera la Reichstag. Kumanga kangapo zagonjetsedwa kwa zedwa, mmodzi ndi kokha kuukira lachitatu anapereka zotsatira zake. April 30, 1945 pa wailesi, zomwe womwaza padziko lonse, anawatumiza uthenga umene pa 14:25 pa Reichstag kukazikoloŵeka mbendera ya Chigonjetso. Ndipo pa nthawi nyumbayi sanabadwe walandidwa, magulu ochepa anali kupeza mkati. Chachitatu kumenya pa Reichstag kunachitidwa kwa nthawi yaitali, ndipo anali opambana: nyumbayi anagwidwa ndi asilikali a Soviet, izo kukazikoloŵeka mbendera angapo - kuchokera chigawo kwa panokha.

Chigonjetso zizindikiro za Great zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo, ndi ungwazi asilikali Soviet, ndicho linachititsa maliboni, amagwiritsa ntchito mu parades zosiyanasiyana ndi zochitika wodzipereka kwa phwando la May 9. Chigonjetso mbendera anagwira kudutsa Red Square pa chigonjetso perete mu 1945, ndipo chifukwa cha ichi mwapadera ophunzitsidwa onyamula ndi ogwira awo. Main Political Administration ya Soviet Army lamulo la July 10, 1945 Chabwino wa Chigonjetso m'manja mwa USSR onyamula Mphamvu chapakati Museum mu Moscow, kumene amayenera kuti asungidwe mpaka kalekale.

Mbendera History pambuyo 1945

Kuchokera mu 1945, Chabwino kamodzinso munaupereka mu 1965 kuti patha zaka 20 chigonjetso. Ndipo mpaka 1965 izo anachisunga Museum mu maonekedwe ake apachiyambi. Kale patapita m'malo ndi buku lomwe akubwerezedwa chimodzimodzi njira chenicheni. N'zochititsa chidwi, koma Chabwino analangiza kusunga horizontally yekha: bafuta, kumene iwo unalengedwa, anali mfundo wosalimba. N'chifukwa chake mpaka 2011 mbendera The chidafundidwa mu pepala lapadera ndipo zakhala zikuzunza m'miyoyo horizontally yekha.

May 8, 2011 mu holo "Kupambana Chabwino" pa chapakati Museum wa Mphamvu ndi onyamula wakhala anasonyeza mbendera weniweni umene anasonyeza pa zipangizo zina zapadera: mbendera anaikidwa lalikulu galasi kyubu, ndilo dongosolo akuthandiza wa zitsulo mu mawonekedwe a njanji. Mu njira imeneyi - woona - izi ndi zizindikiro zina tidzapambana pa nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse anali kuona alendo ambiri nyumbayi.

Chodabwitsa n'chakuti ,. Mbendera (cha ichi, chimene inaimika Reichstag) analibe Mzere kutalika kwa masentimita 73 ndipo 3 cm m'lifupi pa nthawiyi anali panopa ndipo akupitiriza kuyenda ambiri mbiri. Pa dzanja limodzi, iwo amanena kuti chigamba cha nsalu anatenga mmodzi wa chikumbukiro cha asilikali amene anali nawo adani a Reichstag. Pa ena, akukhulupirira kuti Chabwino anali kusungidwa mu 150th oyenda Division, kumene ankatumikira ndi akazi. Ndipo iwo anasankha kukhala ngati kachikumbutso kachikumbutso: chidutswa cha odulidwa ndi nsalu anagawana. Mwa njira, malinga ndi ndodo zakale, mu zaka 70, mayi wina anabwera kwa nyumbayi ndipo anasonyeza m'pang'ono pomwe Chabwino, amene naye kukula.

Chigonjetso Chabwino lero

Mpaka lero, mbendera zofunika kwambiri, kutiuza ife za kupambana pa Nazi Germany - linalake chikhumbo pa zikondwerero za pa Red Square pa May 9. Komabe, ntchito bukuli. makope ena a m'nkhaniyi ngati adani Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World akhoza kuonetsedwa, ndi onse a nyumba. Chinthu chachikulu kuti mabuku kutsatira maganizo choyambirira cha Kupambana mbendela.

Chifukwa cloves?

Mwina aliyense amakumbukira kuyambira nthawi ya ziwonetsero wake ubwana kuti azikumbukira May 9. Ndipo ambiri a zipilala za tisanjika carnations. Chifukwa iwo? Choyamba, maluwa a anthu , ndipo ndi chizindikiro cha kulimba mtima ndi kulimba mtima. Komanso mophiphiritsa ya duwa anali mu zaka za zana lachitatu BC, pamene Carnation maluwa anamutcha Zeu. Today carnation - chizindikiro cha chigonjetso imene heraldry chakale ndi chizindikiro cha chilakolako mukamva. Ndipo ku Roma carnation maluwa ankatengedwa kwa opambana.

Iwo imatiuza kuti izi zinachitikadi. Carnation anabweretsedwa ku Europe mu nthawi ya Nkhondo za Mtanda ndipo wakhala ntchito pofuna kuchiza zilonda. Ndipo popeza panali maluwa ndi asilikali, izo kunaoneka ngati chizindikiro cha kupambana, kulimba mtima komanso mascot cha zilonda zake. Malinga ndi mabaibulo ena, maluwa anabwera ndi Ankhondo German ku Tunisia kwa Germany. Lero, ife carnation - chizindikiro cha chigonjetso mu Great zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo. Ndipo ambiri a ife anaika pa phazi la achikumbutso ku bouquets awa a maluwa.

Kuyambira nthawi ya French kuukira boma mu 1793 carnation anakhala chizindikiro ozimitsa amene anafera lingaliro ndipo anabwera nacho chilakolako chosintha ndi kudzipereka. Akuvutika chifukwa cha mantha amene anapita ku imfa yawo, kwenikweni yomatidwa zovala wofiira carnation ngati chizindikiro cha nkhondoyo. Modern maluwa makonzedwe pamaziko a carnations amaimira mwazi anakhetsa grandfathers wathu, wamkulu-grandfathers, makolo pa Great zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo. Maluwa osati kuyang'ana wokongola, komanso yaitali kusunga kukongoletsa maonekedwe mu mawonekedwe a odulidwa.

Popular maluwa, chizindikiro cha kupambana - ndi tulips ndiponso wofiira. Iwo amagwirizana ndi magazi ofiira a asilikali Soviet wokhetsedwa chifukwa dzikolakwathu, komanso timakonda dziko limodzi.

Modern chizindikiro cha chigonjetso

Holide May 9 chikondwerero mu Soviet Union chaka. Ndipo chaka chilichonse zizindikiro Chigonjetso kusintha, wodzilemekeza ndi zinthu zatsopano, chitukuko chimene nawo akatswiri ambiri. Pa tsiku la 70 la Chigonjetso zosonkhanitsira lonse la zilembo wosindikiza Utumiki wa Culture, amene akulimbikitsidwa likutipatsa ndi wosasintha mamangidwe zosiyanasiyana zikalata, ulaliki, mapepala okhala ndi alendo. Monga bungwe kunena, anthu otchulidwa - mwayi kwa anthu onse kuti akunenanso chintchito lalikulu la anthu amene akhoza kuwina wakuipa mtheradi.

Utumiki wa Culture akuonetsa ntchito zizindikiro adasankhidwa m'munsi mapangidwe pafupifupi onse aya akamagwiritsa maholide. Chizindikiro chachikulu, amene analengedwa chaka chino - ndi zikuchokera woimiridwa ndi nkhunda zoyera pa maziko buluu, St. George riboni ndi zolemba, wopangidwa mwa mitundu ya galu Russian.

anapezazo

Chigonjetso zizindikiro - ndi zinthu yooneka ngati yosavuta, koma iwo kunyamula tanthauzo lakuya. Ndipo tanthauzo la zizindikiro izi kuti asawononge kudziwa chilichonse wokhala dziko lathu, zomwe amanyadira za kwawo ndi makolo awo amene anatipatsa moyo ndipo anawapatsa mwayi wokhala ndi moyo mu malo mtendere. Ndipo George Njanji, amene ali pafupifupi chizindikiro chachikulu cha chigonjetso posachedwapa kuonekera pa magalimoto onse ndi zovala za dziko Russia. Chinthu chachikulu kuti anthu amvetse tanthauzo la chizindikiro ichi. Tisamaiwale timasangalala chintchito asilikali!