Kodi watani? Angkor Wat ndi chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe cha ku Asia

Tikaganizira zojambula za Buddhism, timatha kuona ndi maso osagwirizana ndi chikhalidwe chawo chachikhristu. Chipembedzo, chimene sichitsutsa kukhalapo kwa milungu, sichiwapatsa gawo lalikulu mu moyo waumunthu.

Buddhism samadziwa mwamba ndipo amakhulupirira kuti tsogolo la anthu limadalira khama pawokha. Chipembedzo, chimene chimalalikira zopanda malire m'chilengedwe chonse, chimatchedwa kuti chipulumutso. Amatsimikizira kusiyana pakati pa Mulungu ndi Buddha, kunena kuti womalizayo samulanga munthu.

Mfundo zazikulu zokhudzana ndi kugwilitsika kwa zobadwa zonse za padziko lapansi ndi zowonjezereka pambuyo pa imfa zinkangowonongeka osati m'nthano chabe, zomangamanga, komanso zomangamanga zachipembedzo.

Mapulani a Chibuda

Kumayambiriro kwa chiyambi cha Buddhism, akachisi aang'ono a mapanga anafalikira, koma patapita nthawi, padali kusowa kwa kumanga nyumba zazikulu ndi zazing'ono. Nyumba yoyamba ya a Buddhist inakhazikika pamalo osatheka, kotero kuti atumikiwo anali okhaokha ndipo palibe chimene chinawaletsa kusinkhasinkha.

Nyumba zopangidwa ndi anthu zopangidwa ndi anthu ndizitsulo, zomwe zimangoyambira kumapiri a mapiri. Iwo anakulira ngati chizindikiro cha kulemekeza womwalirayo. A Buddhist amakhulupirira kuti stupa imabisa mphamvu zokha zokha.

Kuwoneka ngati nsanja kapena maulendo, anamangidwa ndi njerwa ndi miyala. M'madera oyandikana ndi mbali zonse, zida zamtengo wapatali ndi zolemekezeka zinalipo, ndipo mkati mwa Buddha anakhala chizindikiro cha nirvana.

Kodi watani?

M'nkhani ino tidzakamba za nyumba yomangidwa bwino ya kachisi, yomwe ilibe wofanana muulemerero wake wapaderadera. Kusunga zinsinsi zosasinthidwa, chozizwitsa chodabwitsa chimapangitsa chidwi chofanana pakati pa alendo ndi asayansi.

Musanayambe kuyankhula za izo, muyenera kumvetsa zomwe zili. Iyi si kachisi wokhayokha, koma ndi zovuta zonse, zomwe zimaphatikizapo nyumba ya amonke, bell nsanja, mahotela ndi malo ogona alendo, zipatala, sukulu. Izi ndizo tauni yeniyeni yomwe ili ndi nyumba zosiyana siyana, yotsekedwa ndi maso ndi kuzunguliridwa ndi makoma. Cholinga chake chachikulu ndikutumikira chipembedzo.

Kodi mawu akuti "Wat" amatanthauziridwa bwanji?

Kodi "wat" mukutembenuzidwa kuchokera ku Sanskrit ndi chiyani? Liwu likutanthawuza "malo omwe atsekedwa", motero akuwonetsera kufunikira kwa nyumbazo. Kuchokera m'chinenero choyambirira cha Pali ndiko kumasuliridwa kuti "malo a kachisi" ndipo ali ndi tanthauzo lonse. Mwa njira, mu chilankhulo cha Khmer pali liwu lakuti "kunya", limodzi la tanthawuzo lomwe ndi "kuyamikira" kapena "kupembedza".

Tsopano zikuwonekeratu kuti thonje ndi chifukwa chiyani nyumbazi, zomwe zimadziwika ndi zokongola zawo, zachilendo, zimakhala zokongola kwa aliyense woyenda.

Chodabwitsa Kwambiri

Chizindikiro cha kunyada kwa dziko la Khmer ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zozizwitsa kwambiri za Southeast Asia, zomwe zili ku Cambodia, ndipo ndi zipembedzo zakale. Angkor Wat, yomwe ili ndi mahekitala oposa 200, alibe zofanana ndi chikhalidwe cha dziko lapansi.

Chodabwitsa kwambiri, choyamba kumangidwa monga kudzipatulira kwa mulungu Vishnu, sanalandire khamu la amwendamnjira, koma adakhazikitsidwa ngati malo okhalamo milungu. Chimodzi mwa zolinga zake ndi zofunira, chifukwa mafumu amaikidwa mmenemo. Nyumba zazikulu zidakonzedwa kuti zizingochezera okalamba auzimu okha komanso akuluakulu a boma la Khmer.

Pambuyo pa 1432, amonke a Buddhist anayamba kuyankha kachisi wa Chihindu , omwe tsopano akukhalamo.

Kusanzira kwa Chilengedwe

Poyamba, a Hindu, ndipo kenako kachisi wa Buddhist anamanga nyumba zomangidwa m'mizinda, malonda ogulitsa ndi nyumba yachifumu, kumene tsopano palibe chotsalira. Maonekedwe atatuwa ndi mamita 65 okwera ndi masitepe akuluakulu, magulu ndi nyumba, zomwe zikufanana ndi piramidi yayikulu yomwe ikuphatikizapo chilengedwe, ndi nsanja zisanu zomwe zikuwonetseratu zizindikiro za chimanga cha chimanga.

Mawerengero enieni

Koperani kakang'ono ka Earth model, yomwe imapangitsa kuti anthu asamawonekere, amadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwa zochititsa chidwi kwambiri padziko lapansi.

Miyala yokongola, imene chozizwitsa chopangidwa ndi munthu chopangidwa, popanda msoko umodzi, inali yofananirana kwa wina ndi mzake, ndipo palibe mtengowo unkagwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi yawo. Ndipo ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zinsinsi za kachisi: sizikudziwika bwino momwe mawerengero ovomerezeka a masamu apitilira mazana ambiri apitawo, ndi momwe kukhazikitsidwa kwa miyendo yambiri ya tani kunayendetsedwa.

Chinsinsi chosasinthidwa

Kachisi wamkulu wamzinda wa Angkor Wat anasiyidwa ndi anthu oposa 500 apitawo. Zomera zakuda za m'nkhalango zinalitenga, ndipo nyengo yowawa ndi nyengo yamvula sizinalepheretse chikhalidwe cha Asiya, n'kuchiyandutsa bwinja. Palibe amene akudziwa chifukwa chake anthu akuchoka mumzindawu, ngakhale ambiri ochita kafukufuku wa Khmer akhala akuyesera kukweza chophimba cha chinsinsi ichi, koma panopo sapambana.

Pambuyo pa 1992, malo osungirako zinthu zapadziko lapansi a UNESCO anayambanso kubwezeretsedwa, ndipo tsopano akulandira apaulendo amene akufuna kusangalala ndi malingaliro ochititsa chidwi ameneŵa.