Feat Maresiev, woyendetsa ndi munthu weniweni. Kodi anapanga chintchito Aleksey Maresev?

Alekseya Mareseva ft - ndi lodziwika bwino Soviet woyendetsa, anaduka miyendo onse pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World - tsopano kudziwika kwa onse. Kodi zopangira ndipo akufuna kudzakhala ngwazi za adakwanitsa kupambana imfa yoyamba, ndiyeno chilema. Mosiyana ndi chiganizocho zimawoneka munaupereka zochitika, Maresiev anatha kupulumuka itaona n'zosatheka kubwerera ku kutsogolo pa helm wa womenya ndipo nthawi yomweyo mu moyo wathunthu. Feat Maresiev - chiyembekezo ndi chitsanzo anthu ambiri amene akuvutika ndi mavuto osaneneka, osati nkhondo komanso yamtendere. Iye anati, zomwe angapange munthu amene sanataye mphamvu kumenyana ndi chikhulupiriro mwa iwo okha.

Maresiev Alexei Petrovich: Ana ndi achinyamata

May 20, 1916 mu banja la Peter ndi Catherine Maresjev akukhala Kamyshin (pano Volgograd Region), mwana wachitatu atabadwa. Alex zaka zitatu pamene atate ake anamwalira zilonda analandira mu First World nkhondo. Amayi, Catherine Nikitichna, amene ankagwira ntchito yotsuka ku fakitale, Share siyidagwa ndi Nyamulani mosavuta pa mapazi ake ana ambiri - Peter, Nicholas ndi Alexis.

Nditamaliza kalasi chitatu, Aleksey Maresev analembetsa kusukulu kusukulu, amene analandira ntchito ya locksmith a. Kwa zaka zitatu ntchito ku macheka mu mbadwa Kamyshin Turner pa zitsulo ndi kufanana anaphunzitsidwa luso ogwira ntchito. Ngakhale zili choncho, iye anali kulakalaka woyendetsa.

Kawiri anayesa kulowa Flight School, koma anabwerera zikalata: Anachoka ku ubwana aakulu mtundu wa malungo kwambiri kuchichepetsa thanzi lake, complicating la misempha. Ochepa adakhulupirira pa nthawi imene Alex adzakhala woyendetsa - kapena mayi kapena anansi anali nazonso - koma amakana anapitiriza kuyesetsa kuti zolinga zawo.

Mu 1934, malangizo a komiti chigawo Komsomol Kamyshinsky Maresiev anatumizidwa ku Khabarovsk Krai pomanga Komsomolsk pa-Amur. Ndikugwira ntchito makaniko-wokonza, iye komanso chinkhoswe mu kalabu zouluka, kuphunzira lotnomu choncho.

Patatha zaka zitatu, pamene Maresiev usilikali, iye anatumizidwa kutumikira aviapogranotryad 12 pa Sakhalin Island. Kuchokera kumeneko, iye anatumizidwa ku sukulu ndege m'tauni ya Bataisk, imene maphunziro ndi udindo wa mkulu chachiwiri. Pali anaikidwa kukhala mlangizi. Bataisk anatumikira ku nkhondo.

Chiyambi cha nkhondo ndi mbiri ya chintchito

Mu August 1941, Alekseya Mareseva anatumiza kutsogolo. Woyamba wa sorties wake zinachitika pafupi Krivoy Rog. Pamene m'chaka cha chaka chamawa, woyendetsa unasamutsidwira North-Western Front, ngongole wake kale nambala foro downed mdani ndege.

April 4, 1942 pa nkhondo mpweya ndi pafupi Staraya Russa (Novgorod chigawo) kunagwa Maresiev womenya, ndipo anavulala. Woyendetsa The anakakamizika lidzaponyedwe nkhalango - mu kumbuyo mdani.

masiku khumi Alexey Maresiev amasowa nkhondo kuti imfa, kupanga njira yake kwa mzere kutsogolo. Pamene anafotokoza adamvulaza, ndiye chisanu-alumidwa mapazi anapitiriza kusuntha miyendo inayi, kudya makungwa, zipatso, paini cones ... sadzachitanso moyo, anapezeka mu nkhalango, anyamata awiri ku mudzi wa Plav (zofewa), Valdai dera. M'mudzimo anabisa ndege yekha, ndipo anayesera kuchoka, koma zotsatira za kuvulala ndi miyendo frostbite anali kuchisenza. Maresjev ntchito chofunika.

Kumayambiriro May, pafupi ndi mudzi wa ankafika ndege. Iwo anali piloted ndi Andrew Dehtyarenko - Squadron, amene anali Maresiev. Woyendetsa anavulazidwa anakwanitsa anabwera ku Moscow m'chipatala cha asilikali.

Opanda chifundo chigamulo madokotala ... ndi kubwerera kwa dongosolo

Chirichonse chimene chimachitika pa ndipo palibe koma umodzi wautali mosadodometsedwa Maresiev feat. M'chipatala chilonda ndi poyizoni m'magazi woyendetsa kwa madokotala anawapulumutsa modabwitsa, koma iwo ankayenera kuti kudulapo tibia wake miyendo. Akadali m'chipatala, Alex amayamba kulimbitsa thupi wowawa. Kudakonzedweratu osati kuonetsetsa kuti adzauka prosthesis ndi kuphunzira kusuntha iwo. chikonzero chake - kukhala ndi iwo mwangwiro, kuti athe kubwerera ku ndegeyo. Iye anapitiriza kuphunzitsa ndi mu 1942 ku achisangalalo, kupanga izo bwino wothawa chifukwa cha chitsulo chifuniro ndi kulimba mtima kwake.

Kumayambiriro kwa chaka chamawa Maresiev anatumiza kufufuza mankhwala, kenako anaikidwa ku Ibresinskuyu ndege sukulu Chuvashia. Mu February 1943, iye bwinobwino imachitika woyamba mayeso ndege pambuyo kumuvulaza. nthawi yonseyi anali zinafuna chidwi sakufuna anatumiza kutsogolo.

Ndipo kachiwiri mu nkhondo!

Woyendetsa Chonde unaperekedwa mu July 1943. Koma mkulu wa nambala 63 alonda Wankhondo Aviation Regiment poyamba mantha akhale pa ntchito. Komabe, pambuyo mkulu wa squadron wake Alexander chiwerengero chisoni Maresjev, anayamba kupita naye ku mishoni ya nkhondowo, amene anatembenuka kuyenda bwino, yonena za luso woyendetsa Kuchuluka.

Pambuyo Maresiev anawulukira pa ziwalo, asanafike mapeto a nkhondo, anawomberedwa pansi asanu zambiri mdani ndege. Posachedwa ulemerero pafupifupi ft Maresiev Zafalikira kutsogolo.

Mozungulira nthawi imeneyi, msonkhano woyamba wa Alexei Petrovich ndi nkhondo mtolankhani wa nyuzipepala "Pravda" Boris Polevoy. Feat woyendetsa Maresiev Field anauziridwa kulenga m'buku lake lodziwika "Mbiri ya Mwamuna Weniweni". Iwo Maresiev anapanga zinachitika khalidwe waukulu.

Mu 1943 Maresiev analandira udindo wa Hero wa Soviet Union.

The mapeto a nkhondo. Moyo pambuyo - mmodzi kwambiri ft Maresiev

Patapita chaka chimodzi, Alekseyu Maresevu kuti achoke ku nkhondowo Regiment ndi kupita ku ulamuliro wa Air Force yunivesite ku positi-woyendetsa Woyang'anira. Iye anavomera. Pa nkhani yake nthawi iyi anali makumi asanu ndi atatu mphambu zisanu ndi ziwiri sorties ndi mfuti pansi khumi mdani ndege.

Mu 1946, Alexei Petrovich anatembenuka Maresiev nane Air Force, koma anapitiriza zonse kukhala zabwino mawonekedwe thupi. Iye skated, skied, kusambira ndi kupalasa njinga. mbiri yoti iye anaika pa Kuibyshev, pamene anawoloka Volga (2200 meters) mphindi makumi asanu.

Maresiev anali wotchuka mu zaka pambuyo nkhondo, mobwerezabwereza anaitanidwa kuti zikondwerero zosiyanasiyana ndipo nawo misonkhano ndi ophunzira. Mu 1949, iye anapita ku Paris, wakuyesetsana woyamba World Peace Congress.

Komanso, iye anapitiriza maphunziro ake, maphunziro athu mu 1952 ku Apamwamba Party Sukulu ya Komiti chapakati cha CPSU, ndipo patapita zaka zinayi poikira kumbuyo m'munda wa mbiri nkhani yolembedwa.

Mu 1960, dziko anaona buku lakuti "Pa ya Kursk lofufuma kwambiri mbali imodzi", amene wolemba anali Aleksey Maresev (chithunzi m'munsimu).

A Nthawi zambiri zoyenera Maresiev ovutika. Iye anali gawo la nkhondo Veterans Committee, iye anali kusankhidwa Supreme Soviet la USSR, Komanso anatsogolera Onse-Russian WWII Opunduka Fund.

banja

Alexei Petrovich Maresiev anakwatiwa. Galina Viktorovna Mareseva (Tretyakov), mkazi wake, anali wantchito wa Mkulu wa Air Wogwila. Iwo anali ndi ana awiri. Senior, Victor (1946), tsopano imayendetsedwa ndi Maziko Maresiev. Junior, Alex (1958), poyamba wolumala kuyambira ali mwana, anamwalira mu 2001.

imfa

masiku awiri pamaso pa tsiku lanuli kubadwa kwa woyendetsa wamkulu, May 18, 2001, muholo ya Russian Army anali kuonedwa konsati pa nthawi ya chikumbutso vosmidesyatipyatiletnego Maresiev. Kwa kanthawi zisanachitike. kumayamba, Alexei Petrovich panali kudwala mtima, kenako anamwalira.

Aleksey Maresev m'manda mu Novodevichy manda ku Moscow.

Kukumbukira ngwazi za

Nkhondowo ndi ntchito misonkhano Maresiev akhala kupereka mphoto zambiri. Kuwonjezera pa Star Gold wa Hero wa Soviet Union ndipo chiwerengero cha boma mphoto ya kwawo, iye anakhala Knight malamulo ambiri achilendo, mendulo. Iye anakhala msilikali aulemu ya m'modzi wa mayunitsi asilikali, mbadwa aulemu a mbadwa zake Kamyshin, Orel, Komsomolsk pa-Amur ndiponso mizinda ina. dzina lake ndi thumba anthu, chiwerengero cha misewu, masukulu ndi zibonga kukonda dziko lako ndipo ngakhale dziko laling'ono.

Memory wa Alexei Maresjev, nyonga zake chifuniro, kukondwa ndi olimba mtima moyenerera udachita iye ulemerero wa munthu nthano, udzakhala kosatha mu mitima ya anthu, kutumikira monga chitsanzo cha maphunziro a m'mibadwo yanu.