Sheremetyevsky yachifumu ndi kukongola kwake (chithunzi)

Mu 1703, Peter Wamkulu anayambitsa St. Petersburg. zaka zisanu ndi zinayi zokha, anakhala boma likulu. Mudzi waukulu wa dziko ndi nkhani mwachindunji woyang'anira ake akuyamba mwachangu asezare ndi kuikamo zamakono. Munthu woyamba pa magombe a Neva anasamukira wachibale wa mfumu Earl Field polimbana Boris Petrovich Sheremetev. Iye yomanga la chuma cha maere №34 pa Fontanka embankment.

The nyumba mwala woyamba mu malo

Malowo ali pa dzanja limodzi okha Fontanka mtsinje, pa zina - Foundry Avenue. Pa nthawi yomanga dzina generic wa Lililonse ndi banja lake chilili Millionnaya msewu. Pa malo pa nthawi, nyumba matabwa ndi ofesi phiko. Latsopano Manor amayembekezeka kukhala banja chisa Sheremetievs. Pamalo a mtengo nyumba storey mwala nyumba inamangidwa 1730s lapansi. M'zaka 1750-1755 wamangidwa phaka lachiwiri la nyumba, umene ukugwira angagwiritse SI Chevakinsky ndi FS Argunov.

Manor pa Petre Borisoviche

Anali malo mbadwa ya Boris Petrovich mogwirizana ndi imfa yadzidzidzi ya mkazi wake ndi mwana wamkazi mu 1768 zokakhala ku Moscow. Ali kumeneko, iye akuyamba chitukuko cha chuma. Iye analandira kwa mkazi wake. Kenako, pamene mwana wake mofikapo Sheremetyev Palace mu Ostankino. Iye, komanso North, ndi chimodzi mwa zigawo makolo, ndi pakalibe mwini mobwerezabwereza lendi ndipo akupitiriza kumanganso.

The heyday la zojambulajambula choonetsedwa mu malo

Mwini lotsatira la chuma ku St. Petersburg wobwezera mwana wa Peter Nikolai Borisovich. Choyamba, mwini latsopano anasankha kukhala Moscow, kawirikawiri kuyendera katundu wawo kumpoto. Komabe, mu 1796 anasamukira ku St. Petersburg. Motsogoleredwa wamanga I. E. Starova amayamba Mokweza yofunika kwambiri mkati mwa nyumba pa Fontanka. Nikolai Petrovich kuonera chachikulu cha luso kuchita. Mu bwalo lamasewera, zisudzo, iwo unapangidwa bungwe ndi nyumba yachifumu amene anali ngati malo otetezedwa bwino. Anapereka ufulu wake, ndipo mu 1801 anakwatira mmodzi wa actresses ake, Kovalevoy Praskove Ivanovne. Pa nthawi ya ulamuliro kukonzanso wake Manor chinkhoswe Quarenghi ndi Voronikhin. Pa dera la malo pamene anauka Garden Pavilion ndi nyumba ya chilimwe ndi ophimba nyumba.

"Kuti moyo chifukwa Sheremetyevsky"

Atamwalira Nikolai Petrovich mu 1809, chuma zapita mwana wake wotchedwa Dmitry, amene panthawiyo anali ndi zaka zisanu zokha. Iwo amalenga ndi gulu la matrasti lotsogoledwa ndi akulu mtetezi MI donaurov. Akupitiriza kukonzanso yogwira: mu 1810-20-ntchentche amaoneka malo, Kasupe, mapiko kuchipatala ndi kuimba. Olemba ntchito ndiwo H. Meier ndi D. Kvardi. Pamene Dmitrii Nikolaeviche, amene anatumikira mu apakavalo Regiment, alendo nthaŵi ku nyumba yachifumu ndi anzake la mwini, pali mawu akuti "moyo chifukwa Sheremetyevsky". Pali zambiri wojambula Kiprensky Pushkin. Mu 1837 achiyesa zomangira mfundo ndi mdzakazi wa ulemu wa Mfumukazi kumvutitsa Sergeevnoy. Ku ukwati mu 1844, mwana, Sergei. Mu 1838, pa malo pali mpanda pulasitala zitsulo ndi chipata ndi chokongoletsedwa ndi choyimira cha silithandiza Sheremetev. Wazomangamanga J. D. Corsini, yemwe ankagwira zaka makumi awiri mu munda, kopambana kuwayalanso yachifumu malo onse. Mu 1840s, pa m'gawo lake pali munda phiko. Nkosafuna malo wakhala amodzi mwa malo ambiri anafika mu likulu. Iwo makamu madzulo nyimbo zokongoletsera zisudzo awo Glinka, Berlioz, Liszt, Schubert. Choyamba wotchedwa Dmitry Nikolayevich mwamuna kapena mkazi akamwalira poizoni mu 1849. Patapita zaka khumi, mu 1859, anakwatira kachiwiri. Kuwala limapezeka mwana wa Alexander. Ndi Sheremetev Palace mu 1867 kunachititsa mapiko North. Author ikugwiridwira - N. L. Benua.

SERGEY ndipo lingaliro lake la munda

Mu 1871, Graf Dmitriy Nikolaevich afa. Chifukwa cha gulu la chuma Sheremetievskiy Palace afika cholowa SERGEY Dmitrievich. Mu 1874, pa malo pali latsopano zisanu storey nyumba (wamanga AK Serebryakov). Pa mbali ya nyumba nyumba Foundry prospectus kumangidwa, gawo kutsogolo pa Fontanka - 34 atsala sichinasinthe. Chiyambi cha zaka mazana makumi awiri, umachitika pansi pa chizindikiro cha chiwonongeko. Aonongedwa Grotto, Hermitage, Garden Chipata The Orangery, Chinese gazebo. Arenas ndi makola ndi kumangidwanso mu muholo Hall - tsopano Drama Theatre pa Foundry. Zikuoneka mu 1914 yosanjikizana pavilions malonda (wamanga M. Krasovsky).

Zinali pambuyo zisinthe

Mu nthawi pambuyo chosintha Sheremetievskiy Palace anaperekedwa kwa SERGEY Dmitrievich pa kutaya boma latsopanolo. Mu umodzi wa mapiko ake kuchokera pakati pa 1924 ndi 1952 ankakhala A. A. Ahmatova. Mbali yaikulu ya nyumbayi akhala redone. Mpaka mu 1931, nyumbayi inali pano. Sheremetev Palace mu 1984, analandira Institute ya Arctic ndi Antarctic Research. Chifukwa cha ntchito molakwika ndi chisamaliro cha Interiors ya zipinda anataya ulemerero ndi kukongola, ndi ena outbuildings akhala zatchatchatcha zogona. Kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 20 pang'onopang'ono anayamba kusintha maganizo ndi dzina. Sheremetev Palace kakusintha kubwezeretsedwa. Cholinga cha mwambo umenewu ndi recreate zinkakhalira m'ma XVIII. Chionetsero choyamba mu Sheremetev Palace inali kuperekedwa zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho a m'banja la eni malo. Ena mwa iwo ndi ziwembu wapadera kwathunthu. Apa gulu zojambula ndi zinthu zojambulajambula, zoimbira zosiyanasiyana. The nyumba pa Fontanka, 34 pachikhalidwe makamu zoimbaimba ndipo expositions luso. Popeza 1989, iye ankagwira ntchito zolembalemba-chikumbutso owonetsera zakale A. A. Ahmatovoy. Iwo kulengedwanso ntchito chipinda a ndakatulo iyi. Anapereka kwa anthu mabuku ake zithunzi ndi katundu. Mu 2006, pa nsanja pa Sheremetyev Palace, chipilala kuti A. A. Ahmatovoy. Kutsegula wake anapima kuti lifanane ndi chikumbutso cha forte cha imfa ya ndakatulo iyi.

Umene opambana Sheremetievskiy Palace?

Music Museum, ili mu nyumba Manor, ali mu anawasema ake a chigawo chachikulu cha zida yakale yoyendera. Chikhochi ndi chimodzi cha zabwino mu dziko. Zosonkhanitsira zikuphatikizapo zipangizo wapadera analengedwa ndi ambuye Russian ndi European wa 16. - zaka 18, a Romanov mafumu, komanso toyesa wapadera padziko lonse, amene alibe analogues. Komanso zili m'nyumbayi mabelu Russian ndipo makope kulengedwanso zipangizo zosiyanasiyana yakale yoyendera. Pitani m'nyumbayi akhoza kukhala mu chimango cha maulendo tsiku zikuchitika kumeneko. Mitu ali yosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, mu chimango cha ulendo wa "Sheremetiev" mukhoza kuphunzira zambiri za dzina la Mlengi wathu, moyo wawo ndi tsogolo. Pali mapulogalamu ena. Mwachitsanzo, "Kasupe House. The nyumba ndi nyumba." Ulendo ili laperekedwa kwa manda a kamangidwe ka Nyumba ndi chilengedwe chake. Mwa chimango ake, mukhoza kuphunzira mfundo zambiri zochititsa chidwi ya moyo yachifumu Mwachitsanzo, mmodzi wa nthano kuti Zojambula F. B. Rastrelli ankagwiritsa ntchito pulani ya nyumba. Komabe, ambiri mwa maulendo kutenga malo mu Sheremetev Palace, zoyenera nyimbo: "The zamoyo wa zida kiyibodi", "Mphepo Zida - wowerengeka ndi akatswiri", "maina Apadera m'chigawo zoimbira" ndi ena.

Manor lero

Sheremetev Palace, anali kunyada kwa mibadwo isanu wa eni ake, banja lawo chisa. Kwa zaka zingapo, mmodzi wa eni kukhala ndi kuonjezera chuma cha banja. Zinthu zojambulajambula, luso gallery, ziboliboli zosowa zakale, zopereka Numismatic ndi zankhondo, laibulale chuma - uwu si mndandanda wa zomwe eni kuti mwini wa malowo mpaka 1917. Sheremetev Palace, chithunzi cha amene anapereka pamwamba, kwa zaka mazana ambiri akhala malo a misonkhano aluntha. Lero, iye sanataye ukulu wake wakale, ndipo akupitiriza kukopa anthu ambirimbiri.