Movement Public pansi Alexander 1. zinthu zikuluzikulu

Kugonjetsa Napoleon anabweretsa mtendere yaitali ku Ulaya, koma sanali kuthetsa mavuto alionse mkati mwa Russian Ufumu. Nthawi unawonongedwa anali ulamuliro wa Alexander 1, yodziwika ndi malangizo atsopano a ntchito woganizirana - kayendedwe chikhalidwe. Kwa nthawi yoyamba mu Russian njira yapachiweniweni ndapeza gulu mawonekedwe. Movement Public pansi Alexander 1 ntchito zake kuikidwa pa maziko a malingaliro owolowa manja.

Liberalism mu dziko

Malingaliro a European liberalism kufala kwa Russia mu nthawi ya Catherine Wachiwiri, amene wolingana mwachangu ndi ideologists zoterozo umenewu, monga Voltaire, Rousseau, Diderot, ndi ena. Komabe, kenako Mfumukazi anatsutsa ziphunzitso izi, molondola poopa kuti kuwononga boma lachifumu ku Russia.

Chachiwiri Mphepo kayendedwe olekerera mu Russia analandira mu 1812. Asilikali ndi alonda amene akhala mu Europe, anabwerera kumudzi ndi mdani tchalitchi cha serfdom ndi autocratic boma. Mtheradi kusalabadira akuluakulu ayenera kusandutsa dziko anachititsa mwapang'onopang'ono kusonkhezera kusakhutira wa anthu. Ndi mu zinthu izi ndinabadwa ndipo anayamba ntchito yake gulu chikhalidwe pansi Alexander 1.

chidule

Woyamba mabungwe omwe si a boma ku Russia anali Masonic manyumba ogona. Ganizo zikamera wa kayendedwe Masonic wachokera ku Europe. Pofika chaka cha 20 cha m'ma XIX. mamembala a Masonic manyumba ogona anali za 3 zikwi. olemekezeka, amalonda ndi pakati kalasi. Freemasonry wapatsa anthu zinachitikira koyenera kuti gulu ndi ntchito za magulu chinsinsi. Kwenikweni gulu chikhalidwe pansi Alexander 1 mukudziwa magulu amenewa chinsinsi: chipulumutso cha Union, a Southern Society, Union of United Asilavo ndi ena.

chipulumutso Union

Izi ndi lalikulu kampani choyamba. anayambitsa inali AN Nyerere - msilikali General Wogwila, ndi ngwazi ya Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse.

Cholinga chachikulu cha Mgwirizano wa Chipulumutso anali kuwonongedwa kwa serfdom ndi chiletso ufulu wa Mafumu. Panali ena kofuna chiwembu ndi regicide, koma iwo sanali inabuka mwa ambiri a anthu a m'banjamo.

Pambuyo anaganiza kukopa thandizo boma, Union Kupulumutsidwa maluwa, ndipo maziko ake panali chitukuko Union. Chinsinsi Society pulogalamu anali hayala yake, amene ankadziwika ngati "Green Book". Maziko a kampani anapanga mfundo poyamba aja - kupasula autocracy ndi chiwonongeko cha serfdom. Koma nthawi yomweyo mgwirizano anthu anagwirizana nawo kusintha kwa boma, pamodzi ndi boma Ufumuyo wofunika kwambiri kwa malingaliro a maphunziro ndi maphunziro. Pamene Boma anakana kusintha boma, kayendedwe anthu a Alexander 1 wakhala pangozi. Wopambana coups asilikali Ulaya chinachititsa lingaliro kukonza chiwembu asilikali Russia ndi kukakamiza boma kuti asintha.

Choncho, pambuyo Union of moyo linakhazikitsidwa magulu atsopano, amene anena kuti North ndi South.

anthu kumpoto

Society wakhala pakati pa North Petersburg. mamembala Union anali EP Obolensky, S. P. Trubetskoy, N. M. Muravev, ndi ena. Malinga ndi pulogalamu zili N. M. Muravevym chake "Constitution", Russia anasiya autocracy ndi kukhala mafumu malamulo. Iye anaika lingaliro la Chigawo feduro la Russia pa 15 "mphamvu." Womangika lamanja la mfumuyo. Unafotokoza kuti ufulu wa anthu wamba ndi anayambitsa ufulu kwa nzika iliyonse Russia. Mfundo kupereka lingaliro la chimene kufunafuna kayendedwe anthu a Alexander 1.

anthu Kumwera

Izi logwirizana alonda maphunziro woganizirana amene anatumikira mu gawo la Ukraine. Mutu wa Southern Society - ndi ngwazi za nkhondo ya Borodino, msilikali P. I. Pestel.

Motsogozedwa wake, asilikali Constitution la Russian amatchedwa "Russian Choonadi" analengedwa, koma ndi zambiri kwakukulu kuposa Muravyova mfundozo. Choncho, Russian ufumu kukhala Republican dziko, osati ufumu. Sinthani boma anali Council Wamkulu ndi Komiti ya anthu. Alimi ufulu osati kokha, komanso pamtunda ziwembu.

Choncho, Kulipira serfdom ndi kusintha kwakukulu boma ndi maziko a kuti kayendedwe yodziwika onse pansi Alexander 1. Table chitsanzo cholinga mwachidule mabungwe onse, ndi anapereka m'munsimu.

Mamembala a Poro mwachangu analankhula za njira yeniyeni kukwaniritsa zolinga zawo. Izi zinachititsa kuti chigamulo cha ulaliki State usilikali.

Ngakhale mobisa boma sanadziwe za kuwopsyeza inanyamula gulu chikhalidwe pansi Alexander 1. Mu 1822, anaganiza kuti liletse manyumba ogona onse Masonic ndi Poro. A masiku ochepa kuti aphedwe, mfumu inalamula kuti amangidwe ophunzira Satana. Imfa mwadzidzidzi Mfumu anakankhira anthu kuukira mu 1825.