Zaka lupine manyowa wobiriwira. Lupine (wobiriwira manyowa): kulima

Pamene kukula mbewu iliyonse ayenera kutsatira fetereza. Iwo organic ndi mankhwala chiyambi. Nayenso ogaŵikana feteleza organic zomera ndi chiyambi nyama. Organic analandira atangomva namsongole ndi mbali zomera mwapadera anakonza maenje manyowa. Koma pali njira ina, imene ndi undeservedly pang'ono ntchito ulimi. Izi otchedwa manyowa wobiriwira.

Mbiri ya ntchito manyowa obiriwira

Koma manyowa obiriwira lakhala likugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa Zakachikwi kuposa wina. Mpaka ife njira imeneyi inabwera kuchokera China kudzera Mediterranean. Tikudziwa zochepa za zimene makolo athu ukala minda yawo. M'zaka za m'ma 20, mliri kusesa amakopeka dziko ndi feteleza mchere. Ndipo zimenezi n'zomveka. Anasonkhanitsa thumba la granules kapena ufa, momwazikanamwazikana kumunda, ndipo dikirani kuti zokolola. Koma m'kupita anthu anayamba kuzindikira kuti feteleza izi pamodzi ndi mankhwala ndi herbicides amanyoza khalidwe la nthaka ndi kupha zamoyo mu izo. Koma tizilombo zosiyanasiyana, mphutsi, mphutsi osati kumeneko. Iwo kusintha kapangidwe nthaka, ubwino wake ndi zakudya mtengo. Komanso, mankhwala a kuyambitsa zotsatira za zomera ndikuzolowera izo. Choncho, opanga zambiri anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu zobiriwira manyowa.

zotsatira za manyowa obiriwira

Mwa kungophunzira yaitali, asayansi anasankha zomera kuti kubweretsa zambiri nthaka yabwino ngati nkotheka. Iwo akhala wobiriwira manyowa. Zomera afesedwa pambuyo zokolola, ndiyeno m'manda mu nthaka. Mapesi masamba a zomera zili zambiri asafe. Mizu kudziunjikira wobiriwira manyowa asafe ngakhale pambuyo akulima nthaka. Tizilombo kutembenuza mbali ya zomera kukhala manyowa. Mchere ndi pobwerera ku zigawo ndi apamwamba ndipo akuphunzitsa afesedwa zomera kenako. nthaka amakhala lotayirira ndi ndondomeko. Bwino aeration ndi amadzimadzi mankhwala nthaka.

Chifukwa tili ndi izi: wobiriwira manyowa kupanga satero, koma bwino zokolola mbewu, umene udzakhazikitsidwe pa malo zaka zisanu ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi.

manyowa Green angagwiritsidwe ntchito limodzi ndi oyamba a manyowa humus ndi wothira mchere. Ndipotu, kupereka nthaka zambiri zothandiza zinthu mchere, ndi angati a iwo patsogolo m'dziko atengedwa. Koma mankhwala pogwiritsa ntchito manyowa obiriwira ayenera kupatula kwambiri. Komanso, ali mawonekedwe abwino kwa kutengedwa ndi zomera.

Nthawi kukula manyowa obiriwira pa nthawi yolima ndithu mkulu. Nthawi zina kuchuluka kwa misa chifukwa wamkulu kwambiri kuposa anafuna kugwiritsa ntchito manyowa wobiriwira. Mbali owonjezera mulu mu manyowa dzenje kwa processing zina. Sikuti m'manda mu nthaka, chifukwa tizilombo alibe nthawi pokonza ndi zikuyamba kutembenukira wowawasa kumeneko. Ndi kuchuluka owonjezera asafe ingawononge zomera anakhazikitsa.

Mitundu ya manyowa obiriwira:

• Azotonakopiteli - nyemba, zomwe kudziunjikira asafe mpweya kupulumutsa pansi.
• Azotosberegateli - udzu, feteleza nthaka ndi kuwonongeka organic kanthu. Iwo musalole kuti asafe leached.

Nyemba ngati manyowa obiriwira

Nyemba ndi azotonakopitelyam. Ali m'njira zambiri:

• Mofulumira kukula ndi kupeza kulemera ngakhale pa dothi osauka. Pulogalamu mizu zimawathandiza kuchotsa zakudya padziko lapansi kwambiri, kusonkhanitsa iwo, ndi kupereka zigawo chapamwamba pambuyo processing. zikhalidwe izi kudziunjikira kuchokera makilogalamu 30 ndi 35 asafe pa mamita 100 lalikulu.
• Iwo kuwola ndinso mofulumira.
• Kukula mu mabacteria osiyana nyengo.
• Awa, wina n'zosavuta mbewu wabwino.
• Kukhwima mitundu ntchito seeding mu interstices pakati pa zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana.

ndi limagwirira wa asafe kudzikundikira chiyani? mabakiteriya Nodule yolowera chomera mizu. Iwo amakhala kudalirana ndi leguminous kuti ntchito 90 peresenti ya anasonkhanitsa asafe. Otsala 10% ya zili mabakiteriya. Tikhoza kunena kuti iwo kupatsira zomera. Koma lakupindulitsa onsewo. Ngakhale atatu, popeza kuti onse asafe zipita nthaka ndi ntchito chikhalidwe chachikulu.

Kuti bwinobwino kudziunjikira asafe, mabakiteriya muyenera kupeza mlengalenga. Choncho ndi bwino kuti uzigwirizana ndi ntchito yake pa dothi lotayirira.

mabakiteriya nodule

Ena mwa iwo angakhale mu kudalirana ndi zomera zosiyanasiyana: nandolo, mphodza, nyemba, vetch. Nyemba "amagwirizana" ndi osiyana mitundu mabakiteriya.

Kugwiritsa ntchito manyowa obiriwira

M'pofunika kuganizira mfundo yakuti m'madera a zomera ndi retarding kukula. Choncho iwo si bwanji chikhalidwe zofunika, kudikira mpaka iwo kuwola ndinso mchikakamizo cha tizilombo.

manyowa Green chifesedwa mu kugwa pa munda kukolola, ndi chiyambi cha chisanu ophatikizidwa mu nthaka. kuya zimadalira khalidwe nthaka. Ngati ndiye kuunika, ndi masentimita 12 ndi 15, kuya katundu ayenera kuchepetsedwa kwa masentimita 6 mpaka 8 ngati manyowa obiriwira timvetse kwambiri, iwo sadzakhala kuwola ndinso ..

Bzalani wobiriwira manyowa

Pali zomera zambiri ndi katundu zofanana. Ena mwa iwo ndi anthu otchuka:

• Lupine.
• Vicat (chisanu ndi masika).
• Chin.

Tili tione mwatsatanetsatane pa woyamba.

lupine

Izi ndi zabwino forage mbewu. zipatso zake - matani 40 a nkhani wobiriwira pa mahekitala ndi matani 2 nyemba. M'mikhalidwe yabwino, zingakhale 80 m. Unyinji wobiriwira lili 40% masamba mapuloteni. mlingo magwiritsidwe wa dzuwa mphamvu mu lupine 4,79, pamene pa wiki a - 1,98.

maluwa Lupine ndiwe wokongola kwambiri ndi wodzichepetsa. Iwo mwakula mu minda ndi flowerbeds. Iwo pachimake kumayambiriro May ndi pachimake onse chilimwe.

Lupine - mmodzi wa manyowa yabwino wobiriwira. Pakuti dothi mchenga - zofunikira. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, kugwiritsa ntchito mbali zonse za mbewu. Iwo kumalimbitsa nthaka, osati kanthu organic ndi nayitrogeni, koma phosphorous. Lupine manyowa wobiriwira - ndi kalambulabwalo yabwino strawberries. Ngati inu kutchetcha ndi kupulumuka mu kompositi dzenje, timapeza fetereza, yopambana chiwerengero cha zakudya manyowa.

mitundu ya lupine

Iwo kuthengo, pali mazana awiri. Koma ulimi amagwiritsa mitundu itatu pachaka chimodzi yaitali.

Blue angustifolia. Iye ndi chisanu zosagwira. Waukulu alkaloid mitundu Benyakonsky 484 Pinki 399, 109. Bezalkaloidnye angustifolia: Bryansky 35 Nemchinovsky 846 Timir 1, Reserve 886.

Lupine Blue - manyowa obiriwira, wophuka mayiko mchenga wa kusinthasintha acidity mofulumira kwambiri ndipo ali kwambiri mizu (mpaka 2 mamita). Nyama musadye chifukwa cha kukoma kwake zowawa ndi wambirimbiri alkaloids.

Lupine White - manyowa obiriwira, chabwino kunyamula chilala. Iye amakonda kutentha. Ndi bwino kubzala mu nthaka yachonde Mbali yokhala ngati acidity iliyonse (wakuda nthaka, dothi imvi). Nthaka kwambiri. Thiabendazole angagwiritsidwe ntchito chakudya ziweto. The mitundu chachikulu: Kwambiri, Kiev ZOOPSA.

Pakuti srednesuglinistyh ndi dothi lamchenga Sandy loam ankagwiritsa ntchito nonacidic chikasu lupine. maluwa ake ndi amphamvu zosangalatsa fungo. Yellow lupine - manyowa obiriwira, kulima chakudya kwa ziweto zomwe limachititsa kupeza mkulu zokolola ndi mitengo kukula kwa misa achinyamata. Iye amakonda kukula panthaka lonyowa. Yellow, ngati buluu, amakula bwino pa wandiweyani, neizvestkovannyh dothi.

Yaitali (multivalent) lupine limapangidwa masamba ndi zimayambira lyupinin alkaloid. Iwo amasonkhana yambiri asafe. Iye amakonda chinyezi ndi kuwala, osati amaundana m'nyengo yozizira. Zaka lupine ngati manyowa obiriwira amapereka za makilogalamu 60 misa wobiriwira pa eka. Ntchito mu mawonekedwe a:

• Ndikutchetcha.
• Madipoziti.
• Overseeding ikayamba.

Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito yolima pansi chikhalidwe chachikulu.

Lupine pachaka manyowa wobiriwira ntchito ngati kasupe ndi chilimwe. Imathandiza kuti nthaka pafupifupi 20 ga asafe pa mita lalikulu. Kuwonjezera izo zimapangitsa phosphorous lupine ndi potaziyamu.

Lupine manyowa wobiriwira si zofesedwa malo omwewo. Musagwiritse ntchito pambuyo nyemba. Ndipotu, ali ndi matenda omwewo ndi tizirombo kuti wamkulu pa lupine manyowa wobiriwira.

Kubzala ndi Care

nthaka yabwino kwa kukula wobiriwira mbewu manyowa china kuposa peat ndi loams lolemera. Osauka kukula mu malo chinyontho.

Lupine ngati manyowa obiriwira m'chaka kapena nthawi yomweyo pambuyo yokolola masamba afesedwa m'madera amene si kukula namsongole. Kubzala ikuchitika malinga chiwembu pakati pa mizere ya - masentimita 15-30 mu mzere - 5-15 masentimita kubzala kuya - 2-4 masentimita Ngati kuzamitsa mbewu cotyledons zikuluzikulu kudzakhala kovuta n'kufika pamwamba ... Lupine akhoza zinabweretsa ena manyowa obiriwira (Mapila).

Care ndi kuwononga namsongole ndi Kupalira nthaka.

Kumizidwa mu nthaka manyowa wobiriwira lupine masabata asanu pambuyo kufesa. Nthawi iyi, zomera kupanga maluwa. Iwo sizinathe anapeza mtundu awo khalidwe. Magwero ena amakhulupirira kuti kwambiri kulima lupine mu siteji ngolo wobiriwira anapanga ndi nyemba.

Ngati inu kuphonya, zimayambira kukhala wakuda ndi kuwola ndinso pang'onopang'ono. Pankhaniyi, mmera Ndimatchetcha ndi kupanga manyowa.

Zofesedwa July lupine pafupi m'dzinja. Kumadera ndi nyengo yofunda - m'chaka.

Lupine angathe kubereka okha. Ngati inu simungapeze njira, akhoza aithamangitse chikhalidwe chachikulu. Pali mudzakhala manyowa lupine-wobiriwira.

Kulima mbewu izi zimawapangitsa wosabereka m'madera chonde. Asidi-zamchere bwino nthaka moyenera ndipo ndale. tizilombo Structured nthaka ntchito.