Nodule mabakiteriya - zamoyo symbiotic kuti kukonza asafe

mabakiteriya Nodule ndi tizilombo za mtundu Rhizobium (kuchokera ku mawu Greek mawu -. "Kukhala pa mizu"). Iwo anadzetsa dongosolo muzu wa zomera kumeneko. Pa nthawi yomweyo iwo sali majeremusi, T. Kwa. Mabakiteriya sichotero chokha, komanso nthumwi za zomera wapindulira. Amenewa ndi matanthauzo opindulitsa kuli zamoyo otchedwa kudalirana. Pankhaniyi, zomera zina amapangidwa ndi mumlengalenga asafe amene "nsomba" ndi tizilombo ndi mabakiteriya okha - chakudya mchere. Anthu ena amakhulupirira kuti prokaryotes izi akhazikika mizu oimira yekha legume banja, koma izo siziri. Pali zomera zina amene mizu kupereka malo nodule prokaryotes - monga alder, nkhalango bango ndi zina zotero ..

Zamoyo Rhizobium mtundu amakhala ndi polymorphism, mwachitsanzo. E mitundu mabakiteriya ndi yosiyanasiyana. tizilombo zimenezi zingakhale makina ndi yosasuntha, ndi mawonekedwe a ulusi kapena Bacillus, filamentary, chowulungika. Mu prokaryotes ang'ono ambiri ndodo-mphako, lomwe ndi kuwonjezeka zaka ndi zimasiyanasiyana chifukwa kudzikundikira zakudya ndi immobilization. Mu ake mkombero moyo chamoyo udzadutsa magawo angapo, sipangakhalenso adzaweruzidwa ndi maonekedwe ake. Poyamba mawonekedwe izi timitengo, ndiye otchedwa "belted timitengo" (ali malamba ndi inclusions mafuta) ndipo potsiriza bakteriod - lalikulu zoumbika mosiyanasiyana amodzi selo.

mabakiteriya Nodule zimayenera kukhala zachindunji, mwachitsanzo. E., Iwo amatha kuthetsa okha gulu lapadera kapena mtundu wa mbewu. Mundawu tizilombo chibadwa anapanga. Chofunikanso ndi mphamvu - mphamvu kudziunjikira mumlengalenga asafe zedi okwanira mbewu zawo khamu. Mundawu si zonse ndi zingasiyane chifukwa mmene chilengedwe.

Mmene mabakiteriya nodule kulowa muzu, palibe kugwirizana Komabe, pali zingapo malingaliro za limagwirira wa malowedwe awo. Mwachitsanzo, asayansi ena amakhulupirira kuti prokaryotes tikuuzidwa mu muzu minofu kuwonongeka ake, pamene ena amati za malowedwe mwa tsitsi mizu. Komanso pali auxin kungoganizira - maganizo oti maselo ilili, zomwe zimathandiza kuti mabakiteriya kuti anadzetsa maselo mizu.

The implantation chomwecho amapezeka mu magawo awiri: loyamba - matenda a tsitsi mizu, ndiyeno - mapangidwe tinatake tozungulira. Kutalika kwake ndi osiyana ndi zimatengera mtundu wa mbewu.

Kutanthauza mabakiteriya okhoza kukonza asafe, ndi lalikulu ulimi, T. K. Tizilombo timeneti akhoza patsogolo zokolola. Ku tizilombo toyambitsa izi fetereza zakonzedwa, ponena kuti mbewu chithandizo kuchokera leguminous zimene zimalimbikitsa mizu msanga matendawa. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya banja papilionaceous ankafika ngakhale pa dothi osauka chiyani popanda zina asafe feteleza. Choncho, mahekitala 1 nyemba "mu" ndi rhizobia pa chaka anamasuliridwa mu mkhalidwe omangidwa wa makilogalamu 100-400 wa asafe.

Choncho, nodule mabakiteriya - zamoyo symbiotic, zomwe ndi zofunika kwambiri osati moyo wa mbewu, komanso asafe mkombero m'chilengedwe.