Endoplasmic reticulum: kapangidwe ndi ntchito

Endoplasmic reticulum - ndi kuvomerezedwa organelle maselo eukaryotic. Umapezeka maselo a zomera, nyama ndi anthu. Ntchito imeneyi chigawo chimodzi cha selo zosiyanasiyana komanso ali makamaka kugwirizana ndi kaphatikizidwe, kusinthidwa ndi zoyendera wa mankhwala organic.

Kwa nthawi yoyamba pa reticulum endoplasmic anapeza mu 1945. American wasayansi K. Porter adamuwona limodzi la microscopes woyamba magetsi. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, anayamba yogwira kafukufuku wake.

Muchipindachi, pali awiri Mabaibulo a organelle izi:

• The granular kapena akhakula endoplasmic reticulum (yokutidwa kuchuluka ribosomes).
• Wa yosalala kapena yosalala endoplasmic reticulum.

Mtundu uliwonse wa reticulum ali zina ndi kukachita ntchito chosiyana. Tiyeni tione iwo mwatsatanetsatane.

Granular endoplasmic reticulum: kapangidwe. organelle Iyi ndi dongosolo thanki, vesicles ndi tubules. Makoma ake amapangidwa ndi bilipidnoy Kakhungu. M'lifupi M'mimbamo mwina osiyanasiyana monga 20 nm kuti micrometers angapo - onse amadalira ntchito za maselo secretory.

Kodi apadera pang'ono maselo, amene yodziwika ndi mlingo wochepa wa kagayidwe, ndi EPS anagonjera ndi akasinja zochepa zokha. Mkati mwa selo, omwe amagwira lithe mapuloteni endoplasmic reticulum imakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa akasinja ndi nthambi tubules dongosolo.

Childs, granular EPM kudzera nembanemba tubular chikugwirizana ndi envelopu nyukiliya - motere likufa njira zovuta kaphatikizidwe ndi tizidutswa zoyendera mapuloteni.

Granular endoplasmic reticulum: ntchito. Monga tanenera kale, padziko lonse XPS cytoplasm ataphimbidwa ndi ribosomes, amene amadziwika kukhala kaphatikizidwe mapuloteni. EPS - malo a kaphatikizidwe ndi zoyendera wa mankhwala mapuloteni.

organelle Izi udindo kaphatikizidwe wa cytoplasmic Kakhungu mapuloteni yofunika. Koma nthawi zambiri ndi tinthu zina zomanga thupi kudzera vesicles Kakhungu ali kusamutsidwa kwa Golgi zida, kumene iwo ali zina kusinthidwa ndi kugawa zosowa za maselo, motero, ndipo zimakhala.

Komanso, cavities zimachitika EPS akasinja ndi zina zomanga thupi la - mwachitsanzo, inalowa la zimam'patsa chigawo. Apa, ndi loitanirana a granules lalikulu secretory anapanga.

Yosalala endoplasmic maukonde: kapangidwe ndi ntchito. Kapangidwe ka EPS yosalala ali kusiyana. Mwachitsanzo, organelle imeneyi imakhala yokha ya akasinja ndipo alibe dongosolo la tubules. Maofesi amenewa EPS, monga ulamuliro, ndi ang'onoang'ono, koma m'lifupi thanki M'malo mwake, zambiri.

The yosalala endoplasmic reticulum si zokhudzana kaphatikizidwe zigawo zikuluzikulu mapuloteni koma amachita angapo ntchito ofunika. Mwachitsanzo, apa ndi kaphatikizidwe mahomoni steroid anthu ndi nyama zimene zili zonse. N'chifukwa chake buku la EPS yosalala maselo adrenal waukulu ndithu.

Maselo chiwindi EPS ambabala michere zofunika nawo zimam'patsa kagayidwe, ndicho kuwonongeka glycogen. , Imatchedwanso kuti maselo chiwindi ndi udindo kwa neutralization wa poizoni. Mu ichi akasinja organelle kaphatikizidwe wa chigawo chimodzi hydrophilic limene Ufumuyo molekyulu poizoni kumawonjezera solubility ake mu magazi ndi mkodzo. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti hepatocytes, amene nthawi zonse kugwa mchikakamizo cha poizoni (ziphe, mowa), pafupifupi onse selo wotanganidwa ndi akasinja mwamphamvu spaced yosalala EPS.

Maselo a minofu, pali wapadera EPS yosalala - sarcoplasmic reticulum. Iwo amachita ngati zofikira kashiamu chilangizo Choncho njira ntchito ndi maselo kupumula.

Monga mmene taonera, EPS ntchito zosiyanasiyana komanso wofunika kwambiri kugwira ntchito yachibadwa maselo wathanzi.