Urea Urea: ntchito

Aliyense munda kuyesera kuwongolera mbewu zawo, pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu yonse ya feteleza. Lero, ambiri ndi carbamide (urea) munali masamba organic ndi nthaka michere zina komanso asafe kulemera.

A mbiri pang'ono

urea Choyamba anapeza mu 1773 ndi French wasayansi Hillaire Rouelle, koma kuyambira 1828 anayamba kubala synthetically. Kugwiritsa asafe feteleza carbamide (urea) mu mawonekedwe woyera lili mpaka 46% a asafe, kotero mu madzi pa pH moyenera ndipo si poizoni kuti zomera ndi nthaka.

Fomu kumasulidwa

Urea (carbamide) amapangidwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana:

• Mu mawonekedwe a granules yaing'ono kupasuka pang'onopang'ono m'nthaka ndi kuteteza izo kuchokera machulukitsidwe wa asafe. N'zosavuta kusokoneza ndi feteleza ena, kuphatikizapo organic.
• Mawonekedwe yaitali miyala sungunuka TACHIMATA ndi Kakhungu yapadera, kutetezedwa kuvunda mofulumira m'nthaka, amene kumathandiza mbewu kwa nthaka ndi nitration.

Carbamide: ntchito

Field zatsopano zosonyeza kuti ntchito urea monga chisanadze kufesa fetereza chovomerezeka mwangwiro pa zonse mitundu ya dothi ndi pansi mitundu yonse ya mbewu. Pamene ntchito iyi si njira zosapindulitsa nitrate ammonium ndi sulphate ammonium, ndipo nthawizina Mwachitsanzo, dothi Sod-podsolic ndi chinyezi chokwanira ndi yothiriridwa serozem, imapereka watanthauzo mbewu mbatata ndipo masamba mbewu. Ntchito ngati kuvala pamwamba pa mbewu yozizira mu kasupe oyambirira, ndipo mbewu mzere ndi masamba yomweyo seeding kupewa imfa asafe ndi evaporation wa amoniya inakhazikitsidwa m'zaka kuwonongeka feteleza. Zomera foliar analimbikitsa crystalline zosinthika biuret okhutira 0.2-0.3%.

ubwino

Izi fetereza asafe ubwino pa feteleza ena. Urea (carbamide) bwino chosakanikirana chikhalidwe, ndi pa ndende mkulu (1% njira) amapha zomera ndi sakhala kuwotcha masamba. Ntchito yomangayi ndi chosakanikirana ndi maselo masamba molekyulu lonse, ndipo akhoza chosakanikirana ndi kuwonongeka pansi kanthu za enzyme urease kapena amoniya kupanga diamino kuzungulira masinthidwe zinthu nitrogenous. Komabe, muyeso wa ufulu wa ammonia m'dera muzu kubweza kumera ndi Mphukira, kotero muyenera kukhala zomveka kwambiri kupanga urea kwa nthaka pa kufesa kapena wogawana kutumiza.

ayamikira

Pamaso Kuwonjezera urea m'nthaka bwino analimbikitsa kusakaniza ndi zina zina kapena mchenga wouma. Pamene ntchito molondola, granular urea (carbamide) ndi chabwino asafe feteleza. Zonsezi chifukwa cha katundu labwino komanso okhutira mkulu wa asafe mu kapangidwe kake. Chifukwa n'zotheka ntchito mu nthaka, koma ali ndi zotsatira zabwino kukula mbewu, kufunika fetereza ichi konsekonse limakula ndi aliyense nyengo, ndi chifukwa, kupanga ukuwonjezeka.