Umuna Gudzenko: yonena za ndakatulo iyi

Anthu ambiri akudziwa dzina Mbewu Gudzenko, koma anthu ochepa mukudziwa mtundu wa moyo ndakatulo moyo, ntchito zolembedwa. Ndipo zimene anali kwenikweni yekha, Gudzenko Umuna Petrovich, kanthawi yonena amene sakhoza koma kukhala ndi chidwi mafani mabuku ndi ndakatulo wa asilikali m'chombocho. Ngati mukufuna kuti ayanjane ndi luso, kulenga ndi amunamuna munthu - ndiye nkhani yathu ndi inu. khalidwe lake - Simon Gudzenko, yonena (mwachidule) kukuza view wanu cha munthu, chomwe ndi chimodzi mwa atsogoleri a ndakatulo za makumi anai a.

ubwana

Back mu 1922, pa chiyambi cha kulira masika mu mzinda wakale Ukraine Kiev, wolemba ndakatulo tsogolo anabadwa. Umuna Gudzenko, yonena ana a nthawi yomwe pang'ono amadziwika, anabadwa mu banja wamba. Atate Mbewu - Peter K., anali katswiri pa zomangamanga, amayi - Olga Isaakovna, Myuda ndi dziko, anagwira ntchito mphunzitsi.

Anakulira kupangidwa, mpweya chikhalidwe, umuna Petrovich Gudzenko, yonena ndi zilandiridwenso mwachibadwa zochokera ana ndi zidindo achinyamata anabweretsa chikondi kwa sayansi ndi mabuku, makamaka ndakatulo.

bala

Pa zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri, mnyamata analowa Moscow Institute of Philosophy, Literature ndi History (MIFLI). Komabe, nkhondo sanalole kumaliza maphunziro awo.

Umuna Gudzenko, yonena ndi moyo umene wasintha kwambiri m'chilimwe cha 1941, pakati pa ongodzipereka ambiri anapita kutsogolo. Iye anatumikira mokhulupirika ndi mopanda mantha, ambiri a zidindo ndi maganizo zoperekedwa zolemba ndakatulo awo.

Patapita miyezi ingapo pambuyo inayamba Nkhondo Gudzenko ndakatulo anasindikizidwa mu periodicals asilikali.

Patapita chaka chimodzi, wolemba ndakatulo wachinyamata kwambiri anavulazidwa ndi wanga zikuphulika. Monga mmene kenako anauza wolemba, Iye adali amaopa bala wachivundi mmimba. Bwino mu dzanja, phazi, phewa ... Koma umagawanika kugunda mmimba.

Moyo pambuyo kuvulala

Chikadzangotha mankhwala ndi konzanso a ndakatulo mtima sanafune kukagona ndipo ndinayamba kugwira ntchito mu nyuzipepala. Tsopano iye anali nkhondo mtolankhani. Umuna Gudzenko, amene yonena ndi umakhudza Wamkulu zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo, akhala mu utumwi yambiri yoopsa. maso ake anawona Nazi anamanganso imawonongeka Stalingrad, ndi zotama olimba ndi mtima wa anthu wamba. Ankayenda kudutsa asilikali Hungary ndi Carpathians, kugawana ndi owerenga kufotokoza ochititsa chidwi zokongola ndi zosangalatsa chintchito asilikali wamba. Anayatsa kuukira ndi adani a Budapest, kuwauza anthu kuwerenga chilichonse inchi m'dziko owomboledwa ndi chigonjetso Soviet.

Ntchito yawo ndi anamanganso asilikali anali kupereka maulemu zingapo: dongosolo la kukonda dziko lako nkhondo II digiri, Order ya Red Star ndi n'kulandira mendulo "Pakuti Kuteteza Moscow".

ntchito yolenga

Umuna Gudzenko, amene yonena ndi umakhudza ntchito yolenga, kulemba ndakatulo ndi luso yochokera ku zochitika zankhondo ndi yamunthu. deta yake yoyamba linatuluka mu 1944, chaka pamaso pa mapeto a nkhondo, ndipo ankatchedwa "Odnopolchane".

Pambuyo zopereka zina andakatulo: "ndakatulo, m'Chiarabu," "Pambuyo kuguba," "ndakatulo Transcarpathian", "Nkhondo".

Umuna Gudzenko, amene ndakatulo ndi zinapatsira ndi maganizo odzipereka, anakumana zonse mmene ntchito zake. Choncho, nyimbo zake m'nyimbo zinapatsira ndi Kuzindikira kuposa kale lonse komanso chapadera, wolimba, chisoni ululu.

The ndakatulo chidwi kwambiri

Ntchito yabwino kwambiri ndi yokhudza ndakatulo iyi ndi ndakatulo wake "asanagwe," ndi "The Ballad ubwenzi."

Ntchito yoyamba ndi tsoka zosaneneka za choonadi ndi za makhalidwe womenya pamaso nkhondo:

"Pamene imfa ati - kuimba,

Ndipo izo zisanachitike, inu mukhoza kulira.

Ndipotu ola kowopsya pa nkhondo -

kuukira kuyembekezera ora. "

Inde, amuna ndi mantha ndi kulira, nawonso mantha ndi chisoni. Koma iwo angagonjetse anthu kumva za udindo:

"Nkhondo inali yochepa kenako

Othinana vodika ayezi.

Ndipo amakamutenga kunja mpeni

Kuchokera pansi misomaliyo magazi Ine. "Kodi

Kodi osiyana ndi moyo weniweni msilikali ku idealized watisonyeza ndi anthu mwachizolowezi, kudzera magalasi pinki.

"The Ballad ubwenzi" ali zinapatsira ndi malowedwe m'nyimbo ndi chikondi. Frontline ubwenzi - kwambiri wangwiro ndi kutsimikiziridwa, ndi amphamvu ndi osakayika, pomwepo kutsimikizidwa kuchita:

"Palibe zodabwitsa ife wokondedwa ubwenzi,

Monga Asilikali kusamalirana

Meter wamagazi pansi,

Pamene iye anali mu nkhondo kutenga. "

Ndakatulo ballad sizachilendo ndi ntchito m'nyimbo "pa chipale chofewa kuchipatala" kumene mawu yowala ndi kumpanga weniweni kupereka chintchito dokotala nkhondo, amene anakhetsa wamng'ono otentha mwazi wake kupulumutsa ena. mchitidwe chosadzikonda cha mnyamata amaonedwa kuti amunamuna.

Ndakatulo "Ife siumafa ukalamba," limafotokoza nkhani ya moyo yovuta nkhondo itatha, opulumuka anavulala ndi wopunduka. kuvulala maganizo, kusoŵa mtendere m'maganizo, ululu alibe pochitika, ndipo chifukwa kwambiri, mavuto nthawi zina amapha.

masiku otsiriza

Nkhondo itatha, Simoni Gudzenko, amene yonena ndi kusinthidwa ndi zigonjetso latsopano kulenga ndi munthu, iye anapitiriza kugwira ntchito monga mtolankhani wina. Mu 1950 linanena bungwe la ina ya ntchito zake zatsopano m'nyimbo:

• "Far kaboma" (ndakatulo ya ntchito tsiku la servicemen ku Turkmenistan);
• "Region Chatsopano";
• "Manda woyendetsa sitima."

Bala analandira mu fateful 1942, nthawi zonse anapanga lokha anamva. Matendawa patsogolo ndi mwezi uliwonse ndipo anachititsa munthu mavuto ndi nkhawa.

Podziwa kuti ndi wakupha, Semyon Petrovich anapitiriza nkhondo moyo wake. DZIWANI analemba ankakonda azungulila okha abwenzi anayesetsa kukhala zabwinobwino moyo yogwira. Matendawa kwachititsa mavuto kwambiri thupi, koma kuchita zimenezi wachisoni kudzipatula kapena recluse zakuda. Anadwala, pang'onopang'ono painfully kufa Gudzenko anakhalabe mokondwera chikondi ndiponso ochezeka munthu. Iye analankhula kwambiri, ndipo anali ndi chidwi kwambiri ndi moyo wa anthu, zinthu zatsopano ndiponso kutulukira, mabuku ndi chikhalidwe cha dziko.

Ngakhale pakutayika luso kulemba awo, wolemba ndakatulo ankalemba ndakatulo wake wosafa ndi ulembedwe iwo. Simon anafa Gudzenko yozizira 1953.

moyo

Lyric moyo asilikali anakwatira Larise Zhadovoy, mwana wa ngwazi wa USSR, lomwe kenako anafika pamwamba ena mu phunziro la zochitika za luso ndi mamangidwe.

Wolemba ndakatulo anali ndi mwana wamkazi, Kate, amene anali wokalamba ngakhale zaka ziwiri pamene anafa. Kenako, mtsikana anatengedwa ndi mwamuna chachiwiri Larissa - Konstantin Simonov. Tsopano Gudzenko mwana ntchito pa Moscow State University amagwira udindo wa mutu wa dipatimenti. PhD, iye akuphunzira Oriental.