Akhmatova a "Requiem": kumasulira ndakatuloyi

A chithunzi moona wodziwika bwino mu mabuku Russian ndi Anna Akhmatova. "Requiem" ofufuza lotchedwa chimake cha mawu ake. Mu ntchito ya ndakatulo iyi organically weaved onse mitu: zokumana chikondi, ndakatulo ndi nthano, ndakatulo ndi mphamvu, chikhalidwe cha m'ma XIX, "siliva" zaka zenizeni Soviet ... Akhmatova moyo wautali: mtsikana owonongedwa, amene anabadwa mu chisanadze chosintha Russia, wolemba ndakatulo wamng'ono wa zounikira ŵa amayembekezeka kudziwa kuwawa konse kwa Soviet thanthwe nthanda. Mwachibadwa, tsono, m'lifupi mwa uthunthu wake kulenga angatchedwe mabuku: ndakatulo chikondi, ndakatulo boma, magulu nthano mitu zosowa zakale, zithunzi za m'Baibulo.

"Requiem", Akhmatova: Mwachidule

The ntchito pa ndakatuloyi Umayambira 1935 ndi 1940, chovuta kwambiri, wamagazi ndi lowopsya nthawi. Mmenemo ndakatulo anakwanitsa organically kuphatikiza Nkhani mzere ndi mtundu wanyimbo mwambo wa maliro kulira. Ku Latin «Requiem» likumasuliridwa bata. N'chifukwa chiyani dzina anapatsidwa ntchito yake Akhmatova? Requiem - maliro kwa miyambo Catholic ndi Lutheran mipingo. Kenako mawu ali timapangira tanthauzo: zinafika zikutanthauza lokumbukira womwalirayo. Ndakatulo ngati mwambo wa maliro okha ndi anzawo mu matsoka, ndi lonse la Russia.

Akhmatova a "Requiem": mapulani zamalankhulidwe

Modern zolembalemba zimatulutsa mu ndakatulo ya zigawo zinayi: choyamba ndi lodziwikiratu ndipo, titero, "padziko" - phiri m'nyimbo ananena kumangidwa usiku wa wokondedwa. Tikumbukenso kuti ndakatulo zachokera chondichitikira: chimodzimodzi pa nthawi anamangidwa, mwana wake L. Gumilyov, mwamuna wa N. Punin ndi penmate Mandelstam. Mantha, chisokonezo chisokonezo - amene akhoza kudziwa zambiri za izo kuposa Akhmatova? "Requiem" Komabe, si: misozi m'nyimbo lemba merging ndi kulira zikwi za akazi Russian anakhudzidwa ndi tsoka chomwecho. Choncho, vuto lenileni lomwe lakamba zambiri, kumakhaladi kunadetsa lonse. Mu zigawo wachitatu tanthauzo ndakatulo tsoka la heroine ndi kutanthauziridwa monga chizindikiro cha chi. Apa ofufuza amakamba Izi zikutipatsa mutu "chipilala", chibwenzi kubwerera ku ntchito ya Derzhavin ndi Pushkin. Komabe Akhmatova chipilala - si chizindikiro cha ulemerero, koma mwiniwake wa moyo ndi mavuto postmortem. Ndicho chifukwa chake iye akufuna kumchititsa kundende komwe iye maola ambiri zoopsa zake unwitting "zibwenzi." Chifanizo cha chipilala cha mwala zikulumikizana ndi zolinga za "mafupawa" - epithet ichi ndi chimodzi mwa pafupipafupi kwambiri "Requiem." Mu epilogue wa chipilala zimakhala chimake kuonekera kwa akuti "kuvutika mantha". Chifanizo cha mavuto ndakatulo merges ndi chithunzi cha zong'amba akufa Russian, nyengo lowopsya - izi ndi Anna Akhmatova. "Requiem" ndi wachinayi ndi watanthauzo dongosolo. Izi mayi phiri, amene mwana anazunzidwa. Imafotokoza kuzunzika kwa Amayi a Mulungu, poona chitunda cha Yesu ku Gologota. Mu maganizo a ndakatulo iyi, ufa iliyonse mayi akutaya mwana wake, mofanana ndi kuvutika kwa Namwali Mariya. tsoka Choncho munthu wa mayi wina ndi mwana mmodzi limakhala la anthu onse.