Comedy A. S. Griboedova "Tsoka kwa nzeru": Makhalidwe ndi makhalidwe awo

The zotchulidwa mu sewerolo zikuchitika mu zaka pambuyo nkhondo (pambuyo 1812), pamene umayamba kuoneka kayendedwe wa Decembrists. Pali awiri m'misasa ina. Izi patsogolo olemekezeka, osafuna kusintha. Mu sewerolo, zikubweretsa olemekezeka ndi Chatsky ndi osafuna kusintha - zonse anthu famusovskogo.

nkhondo

Mu mkangano makamaka anakhudzidwa nkhondo epochal. Koma anthu zingakhale kwambiri ngati sanali kugwirizana ndi anthu mwachindunji, ngakhale zongopeka. Wanzeru ndi woonamtima, lotseguka mnyamata akulimbana ndi wankhanza zana lino m'mbuyomu.

Ntchito storylines awiri: chikondi ndi dera. Imayamba ndi chikondi sewero lanthabwala. Kubwera zaka zitatu kwina Chatsky Famusov kunyumbako, anakumana ndi mwana wamkazi wa mwini Sophia. "Tsoka kwa nzeru" ndi nkhani yachikondi. chikondi Chatsky ndipo akuyembekezera mtsikana reciprocity. Komanso, chikondi mzere imachitika mogwirizana ndi gulu.

Chatsky Famusov kutchula awiri m'misasa lotsutsa anthu a. Aleksandra Andreicha nkhondo ndi atumwi m'mbuyomu mosalephera kamodzi Chatsky Famusov mitanda ya pakhomo la nyumba. Iye ndi maganizo ake oona mtima ndi malingaliro nawo makhalidwe oipa, mustiness ndi servility.

Izi otchuka ndi kulankhula dzina

Ngati ife kulankhula za mawu a zilembo Comedy, mosapita ndithu amadziwika zizindikiro zawo. Mwachitsanzo, Skalozub amagwiritsa ntchito lotanthauzira asilikali wolankhula ntchito yake. Hlestova amagwiritsanso wolemera, mawu wolemera. The protagonist Chatsky ndi katswiri kulankhula Russian, amene monologues wake yekha, wa nyonga amenewa ndi kukongola ( "Kodi oweruza?"). Chatsky osati chikondi ndi mnyamata, makamaka ndi exposer odzipereka zoipa famusovskogo anthu. mawu okha ndipo palibe zopangidwa kwambiri choonadi wosaka Chatsky ena. mawu ambiri ophatikizidwa m'kamwa mwa protagonist, ndinakhala mapiko. Iwo Chatsky, pa dzanja limodzi, pafupi chinenero Radishcheva, pa zina - anali okoma mtima. AS Griboyedov wachibadidwe anakana mu sewero lanthabwala monologues wa mbali yaikulu ya buku, mawu a mawu achilendo.

Mayina a anthu otchulidwa angatchedwe kulankhula. MOLCHALIN mu sewero lanthabwala "Tsoka kwa nzeru" (kuchokera ku mawu "chete") - ndi lalifupi, chete mnyamata. mndandanda akhoza wodzilemekeza ndi mayina monga Tugouhovsky, REPETILOV Skalozub.

toby

Ntchito yaikulu ya wolemba sewero lanthabwala anakhulupirira yosonyeza zithunzi famusovskogo anthu. Mu mankhwala palibe otchulidwa zosafunika. zithunzi zonse ziri zofunika kwambiri kwa makhalidwe a anthu onse awiri waukulu ndipo malo awo lonse.

Toby - mwano lout ndi ulemu khalidwe ndi maonekedwe. M'mawu ake akuwonetseredwa umbuli, kupusa ndi impoverishment wauzimu wa munthu. Ichi ndi nthumwi ankaikira anthu famusovskogo amatsutsa sayansi ndi maphunziro amenewa. Kumene, Sergei Sergeyevich Skalozub ndi wolandiridwa Famusov ndi mabanja ofanana. Komanso umakhala wa Skalozub Griboyedov zikusonyeza mtundu wa climber, konse oipa mu kusunthira mmwamba ntchito makwerero.

Prince ndi Mfumukazi Tugouhovskie, Hlestova

Mu Tugouhovskie satirical wasonyeza. Prince Tugouhovsky - lililonse henpecked mkazi wake. Pafupi sanazimve, ndipo akanamvera wamkazi wa mfumu. Prince akuimira Famusov m'tsogolo. mkazi wake - nthumwi wamba anthu ozungulira: opusa, mbuli, zoipa maganizo maphunziro. Komanso, gossips awiri, kuyambira mphekesera woyamba kufalitsa Chatsky openga. Nzosadabwitsa ofufuza analekanitsa anthu onse sekondale m'magulu atatu: FAMUSOV, phungu Famusovs, FAMUSOV woluza.

Hlestova anapereka mbuye wochenjera Komabe, ndipo akudikila maganizo ambiri. Mu maganizo ake, kuona mtima, nzeru za anthu ndi mwachindunji amadalira amapatsidwa ulemu komanso chuma.

REPETILOV ndi ZAGORETSKY

REPETILOV ndi mtundu Famusov woluza mu sewero lanthabwala "Tsoka kwa nzeru". A khalidwe amene alibe alibiretu mbali positive. Iye anali opusa bezalaberen zokwanira, iye amakonda kumwa. Iye - chabe nzeru zapamwamba, mtundu wa parody za mzere Chatsky. Kuyambira Repetilov wolemba ndinapanga parodic awiri a khalidwe waukulu. Iye amalimbikitsa maganizo chikhalidwe, koma kokha zotsatirazi mawonekedwe ndi china chirichonse.

Wina FAMUSOV woluza - izo ZAGORETSKY AA Makhalidwe adampatsa iye ndi anthu ena, n'zotheka kuona kangapo n'chimodzimodzi kuti mawu akuti "poonera." Mwachitsanzo, Gorich limati: "wowopsa wakuba, wakuba: Anton Antonovich ZAGORETSKY". Komabe, mabodza ake onse ndi chinyengo ndi mu uthunthu wa moyo yozungulira, koma mwinamwake ndi omvera malamulo kwambiri nzika. Mu ZAGORETSKY zambiri Molchalin kuposa Famusov. Iye ankafunika onse, ngakhale kuti miseche ndi wabodza. Sikuti amanyamula mphekesera wa misala Chatsky, komanso likugwirizana kukhumbira yake.

Gorich

Anali munthu amene Griboyedov anasonyeza chifundo pang'ono - izo Gorich. "Tsoka kwa nzeru" zimatengera kuti siteji Chatsky bwenzi anafika ku mpira kuti Famusov ndi mkazi wake. Iye ndi munthu wabwino, kuyenera ziyenera a chowonadi ozungulira. Si pa woyambitsa wa gulu wina. Bwenzi ndi mnzake Chatsky kale, tsopano amva za "Matenda" wake simungakhulupirire izo. Koma sizinali zovuta. Ndi chikhalidwe wofatsa, pambuyo ukwati anakhala Gorich henpecked mkazi anaiwala zikhulupiriro zawo. chifanizo Chake - chifanizo cha mtumiki mwamuna wake.

M'mawu ena, mu sewero lanthabwala "Tsoka kwa nzeru" khalidwe ndi chiwerengero cha zaka zina akuimira "m'mbuyomu" ndi malamulo ake, mfundo ndiponso makhalidwe. Zonsezi okha mu chitukuko cha munthu, amene ali m'gulu anthu onse atsopano, ndipo ambiri Chofunika, pokana choonadi lotseguka.

sewero lanthabwala mosiyana mabuku a m'zaka za m'ma 18

A kusiyana yaikulu ndi wofunika pakati sewero lanthabwala Griboyedov ku ntchito za m'ma 18 kwagona kuti pafupifupi anthu otchulidwa - osati mitundu zabwino kapena zoipa, amasonyeza zosiyanasiyana. Mu "Tsoka kwa nzeru" FAMUSOV khalidwe ankafotokozedwa osati monga munthu amene ali stagnation wauzimu; FAMUSOV - bambo wabwino wa banja lake, njonda weniweni. Chatsky - mokhudza kwambiri ndi tcheru nthawi yomweyo zoseketsa ndiponso anzeru.

Chatsky mu sewero lanthabwala "Tsoka kwa nzeru" ankachoka, sindinkasangalala ndi chinthu chikondi chake. Pa funso la iye amene - wopambana kapena woluza, mungayankhe izi: Chatsky linathyoka kuchuluka kwa mphamvu lakale, koma anapambana atumwi wotsiriza monga mphamvu kwa wina watsopano.

Choncho kuwonetseredwa chikhalidwe otchulidwa kalembedwe. Ngati ndinu woyambitsa umachoka kwa Agiriki, mu mwacikondi, m'malo mwake, amayesetsa kutsatira malamulo a malangizo imeneyi. Pali heroine ndi okonda awiri, bambo mosatekeseka ndipo kabuthuko, kuphimba mbuye wake. Koma mwinamwake kufanana ndi sewero lanthabwala tingachipeze powerenga kumeneko. Pa udindo wa wokonda woyamba sikunafanane aliyense Chatsky kapena MOLCHALIN. Mu sewero lanthabwala "Tsoka kwa nzeru" ngwazi okonda classicism kumeneko: choyamba - masewero, wachiwiri - si zabwino iliyonse ngwazi ulemu.

Izo sizingakhoze otchedwa abwino heroine ndi Sophia. "Tsoka kwa nzeru" ndi chidwi chathu si wopusa, koma chikondi ndi chinthu chopanda Molchalin Woman. Iye ndi yabwino. Iye - amene komangokankhidwira moyo wanga wonse. Iye safuna kumvetsera Chatsky ndipo ndiye woyamba amene anafalitsa mphekesera wa misala wake.

Lisa ali wotsutsa kuposa soubrette a. Komanso, mu sewero lanthabwala yachiwiri gwero lake, azithunzithunzi chikondi mzere ndi ofanana lachitatu ubale pakati Lisa Molchalin, Petrusha ndi Famusov.

otchulidwa Vnestsenicheskie

Kuwonjezera pa zilembo zazikulu ndi zazing'ono, dzanja mwaluso wolemba mu zilembo mankhwala vnestsenicheskie kuyamba. Iwo ayenera kuwonjezera sikelo nkhondo zaka ziwiri. atchulidwa kutchula onse m'nthawi zakale, ndipo panopa.

Kumbukirani osachepera Chamberlain Kuzma Petrovich, amene wolemera, ndi olemera m'banja. Izi Tatiana ndi Praskovya, pafupi alendo amene anabwera ku Russia ntchito. Izi zithunzi ndi oterewa atsogolera wowerenga lingaliro la nkhondo zikuluzikulu, anapereka momveka bwino mu sewerolo "Tsoka kwa nzeru". Khalidwe izo zikusonyeza owerenga kuti palibe mmodzi wa iwo pali Chatsky amene idzalimbikitsa maganizo ake a umodzi, ndi anaperekanso, osati njira imodzi, koma zingapo. Mwachitsanzo, mu sewero lanthabwala otchulidwa Skalozub msuweni m'mudzimo, wachibale wa Mfumukazi Tugouhovskoy.

Ntchito zazikulu zimene amachita wolemba, chosonyeza zilembo za sewerolo, kusonyeza maganizo awo a anthu osati kuwulula makhalidwe awo a m'maganizo. Griboyedov makamaka wolemba, mphunzitsi, choncho aliyense chithunzi kamachititsa ndi makhalidwe ena abwino, kapena kupanda kwake. Iye amayimira makhalidwe ndi makhalidwe a umunthu ndi yomweyo individualizes iwo.

Chatsky anamupeza moyo wake. Ndicho chifukwa chake anakhala chitsanzo cha kudzipereka ndi wowolowa manja, ndi FAMUSOV ndi Skalozub - chizindikiro cha zoyipa ndi stagnation. Choncho, chitsanzo cha anthu 20 wolemba anasonyeza tsoka la mbadwo wonse. maganizo Chatsky - zikuwoneka basi patsogolo kayendedwe ka Decembrists m'tsogolo. Chatsky Famusov - oimira mibadwo awiri, zaka ziwiri: M'badwo wa Choonadi ndi zaka achikale.