Opaleshoni "Mvula ya mkuntho"

Chimodzi mwa zochitika chidwi kwambiri za Great kukonda dziko lako nkhondo ndi nkhondo kwa Moscow. Opaleshoni "Mvula ya mkuntho" - linali dzina la opaleshoni kugwila Moscow mu zolemba Nazi. Moscow anafuna mumpanda isanayambike chisanu. Moscow ankafuna kuwasandutsa bwinja, izo zinakonzedwa analanda boma Soviet. Opaleshoni "Mvula ya mkuntho" mu 1941 kukhala mapeto a nkhondo, koma mapulani Hitler, mwamwayi, sichinatheke. Masana ndi adani a Moscow anaikidwa pa November 7. deti limeneli sanali osankhidwa ndi mwayi - November 7, mu Soviet Union anali holide anthu, tsiku la Great October kuukira boma.

Opaleshoni "Mvula ya mkuntho" inamangidwa motere. Choyamba tinali kuchitidwa ndi ntchito ya nkhonya yamphamvu ya zida za nkhondo, amene kungachititse kuti kusiyana mu chitetezo cha mphamvu zathu. Kenako, akasinja Nazi ndi oyenda anali kupita patsogolo ndi anazungulira mphamvu yaikulu ya asilikali athu m'dera la Vyazma ndi Bryansk. Kamodzi magulu awa aonongedwa, ndi akasinja German ndi oyenda ankayenera kugwila Moscow mu mphete. 2 Panzer Gulu anali anazungulira Moscow kum'mwera, 3 ndi 4 gulu - kuchokera kumpoto. Kumadzulo zinali kulowa oyenda.

September 30 2 Panzer Gulu molamulidwa ndi General Guderian adapita tiponye Bryansk Front. Opaleshoni "Mvula ya mkuntho" anayamba. mphamvu German kwambiri laling'onolo Soviet chiwerengero cha anthu ndi zida. October 2 unkatchedwa amanyansidwa awiri ena thanki gulu. asilikali Union anayamba abwerere ku Moscow. Opaleshoni "Mvula ya mkuntho" unachitika bwinobwino kwa nthawi yaitali - October 7 pafupi Vyazma a asilikali Soviet anatengedwa mu chilengedwe. October 13 analandidwa Rzhev. October 14 thanki gulu wotanganidwa Kalinin. Atazunguliridwa pa mayunitsi Vyazma Soviet zikumangidwa pansi momuzungulira ambiri ndithu asilikali a ku Germany. October 18 anagwa Mozhaisk. November 18 Opaleshoni "Mvula ya mkuntho" chimatsatira gawo lachiwiri.

Analamula chitetezo cha likulu G. K. Zhukov. Motsogozedwa wake, amadzibisa atatu anali ogwirizana kutsogolo wina - West. Pa November 7, tsiku, amene anali patchuthi anthu Union, wadutsa perete pa Red Square, kumene asilikali ndi alonda anatumizidwa molunjika patsogolo. Akhamukira thandizo la asilikali ochokera m'chigawo cha Baikal, Central Asia ndi Far East. Anapanga magawano wa asilikali a mayiko, amene anapita mwamsanga kutsogolo. Komanso, ogwira anapanga wowonongayo battalions, amene ankachita kugwira azondi mdani mu mzinda. A nambala yaikulu akazi ndi achinyamata mu Moscow zikugwira ntchito yomanga za malinga. The Germany anakwanitsa patsogolo kwambiri kuti Moscow anali makilomita 30. Stalin, mu masiku awa fateful anasankha kukhala mu Moscow.

4 - 5 December Kupita patsogolo German unatha. Opaleshoni "Mvula ya mkuntho" sanakwaniritsidwe. asilikali December 5 General Konev a linakhazikitsa counteroffensive, ndipo pa December 6 mu counteroffensive anasamukira asilikali Zhukov. asilikali German anayamba abwerere. M'madera a mthunzi kuti asilikali lopondereza akutumiza skiers ndi jumpers. Asilikali lopondereza anataya katundu kwambiri. Anthu okhawo German Army wataya pafupi hafu miliyoni. zomvetsa Soviet anali zoopsa.
Opaleshoni "Mvula ya mkuntho" World nkhondo II anali fiasco, ndipo zinali zofunika kwambiri. dongosolo mphezi chigonjetso anagonjetsedwa.

Kwa nthawi yoyamba asilikali a Hitler analephera kukwaniritsa cholinga ankafuna. Kunapezeka kuti German nkhondo makina si losagonjetseka. Anagwira m'madera chachikulu, tsopano anabwerera pamaso pa alimbane anthu Soviet. Chifukwa, nkhondo inali kupitiriza, silinafike adakwanitsa kupambana pamaso frosts, ndipo tsopano kulimbana Hitler m'nyengo yozizira ku Russia. Anthu Soviet asonyeza kulimba mtima kwawo, kuonetsa kuti msilikali aliyense atenge kulimbana kwa mpweya dziko lawo. mtima wake wakhala wodziwika padziko lonse.