German thanki. akasinja German ya nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse. Lolemera German thanki

Wachiwiri World nkhondo anali mmodzi wa nkhondo yamagazi kwambiri mu mbiri ya dziko kutukuka. chiwerengero cha anthu amene adaponyedwa mu dzina la ufulu, ndi chidwi pa nthawi yomweyo zimapangitsa aliyense amanyadira kwawo, podziwa kuti mtengo makolo kwambiri. The akufuna kuphunzira mbiri za nkhondo ya unyamata yotamandika kwambiri, n'zosadabwitsa, Sir Winston Churchill ananena kuti "anthu si kukumbukira zakale, ndipo alibe tsogolo." Kufunika kukwaniritsa zokometsera wathu, m'pofunika kuphunzira za mbiri ya akasinja German. Icho chinali akasinja German wa WWII anali ngati mbali yaikulu ya Wehrmacht, koma sizinathandize asilikali German kupambana. Kotero chifukwa?

akasinja kuwala

Kukonzekera Germany kuti asamenyane ndi mfuti anayamba kale tingalimbanirane. Koma kuti ena a chitukuko cha magalimoto German oti muli nazo zida kale anayesedwa, dzuwa la akasinja kuwala kochepa n'ngwokayikitsa.

Panzerkampfwagen I

Kusaina Pangano la Versailles, umene unachitika ku mapeto a First World nkhondo, Germany waika mu chimango ena. mgwirizano uwu mosamalitsa zonse manja a Germany, kuphatikizapo magulu ankhondo ndi magalimoto oti muli nazo zida. mawu okhwima mgwirizano zinachititsa chokha chakuti mu Germany posachedwapa anatenga chitukuko kenako ulimi wa umisiri watsopano chinsinsi asilikali.

Thanki choyamba, olengedwa mwa Germany mu nthawi interwar, anakhala Panzerkampfwagen Inenso ankadziwika ndi acronym PzKpfw I. Development wa thanki inayamba mu 1931, ndipo mwalamulo pa zolembedwa anangomulambalala ngati thalakitala ulimi. Kuti alenge anapatsidwa anayi Makampani kutsogolera zomangamanga, koma mapeto ndinaganizira za Wehrmacht chitsanzo analengedwa ndi Friedrich Krupp AG.

Pambuyo kukhala ndi wozengereza mayesero onse kofunika chitsanzo mayeso, kuwala German thanki anaikidwa mu ulimi. Malinga ndi kafukufuku boma, kuchokera 1934 mpaka 1936, iwo unalengedwa makope za 1,100. Pambuyo zitsanzo woyamba anatitumiza mphamvu, zikuoneka kuti thanki sangathe kukhala mokwanira liwilo. Patatha izi, zosintha ziwiri zinalengedwa pa maziko ake: Pzkpfw Ine Ausf.A ndi PzKpfw Ine Ausf.B. Pambuyo kusintha zazing'ono thupi, galimotoyo ndi injini thanki ali inapatsa ngozi kwa armament mdani.

Ubatizo wa moto PzKpfw ndinatenga ku Spain pa Civil Nkhondo 1936 - 1939 zaka. Pa nkhondo yoyamba, zinadziwika kuti thanki German adzakhala si kumenyana Union T-26. Ngakhale PzKpfw Ine wamphamvu kwambiri chida, iwo sangalowerere ndi T-26 kutali, pamene kwa makina Soviet silinali vuto.

Monga makhalidwe luso kasinthidwe izi ndi osauka, ambiri m'mabaibulo anasowa nkhondo. Kwa ambiri a World nkhondo II akasinja anali mu Wehrmacht, ndipo ngakhale iwo anali ntchito zing'onozing'ono.

Panzerkampfwagen II

Pambuyo yachinsinsi alibe bwino thanki PzKpfw Ine kwa German asilikali panafunika kulenga thanki kuwala ndi odana ndi thanki mfuti. Iwo mikhalidwe anali kuperekedwa kwa Makampani-kutukula, koma polojekiti sunawakhutitse makasitomala, kotero zipangizo ndi mbali ya makampani osiyanasiyana anapangidwa. Komanso PzKpfw Ine, PzKpfw II mwalamulo zapita ngati thalakitala ulimi.

akasinja 75 zitsanzo zitatu zosiyana zinalembedwa mu 1936-1937. Izi podmodifikatsii pafupifupi specifications chomwecho, koma iwo anali zitsanzo mayeso kudziwa mphamvu ya njira luso munthu.

Mu 1937 anayamba kubala zosintha Pz Kpfw II Ausf b, amene Chili powertrain patsogolo ndi galimotoyo, kenako kuti apange bwino German akasinja. PzKpfw II kupanga mu zitsanzo zonse zitatu zinachitikadi mu zaka 1937-1940, za 1088 makope zinalembedwa nthawi imeneyi.

Pambuyo pa nkhondo yoyamba zinadziwika kuti zambiri otsika PzKpfw II akasinja ofanana magalimoto mdani chifukwa zida zake zinali kuwonongeka wofooka ndi pang'ono mwachita. Komabe, kupanga makina ndi kuchuluka kokha mpaka 1942, ndipo zinaoneka latsopano, zitsanzo chipangizo zambiri, akasinja anali ntchito pa malo sekondale.

Panzerkampfwagen II Ausf L Luchs

Osauka patency m'mayiko Polish anakankha ulamuliro wa Hitler ayambe kukula kwa magalimoto atsopano oti muli nazo zida, womwe ndi crawler zida. Development zida zatsopano anapatsidwa awiri zomangamanga chimphona - Deimler-Benz ndi MAN, umene umabala lonse la German akasinja ya Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World. Ngakhale dzina, kusinthidwa uyu anali wamng'ono kwambiri kuchita ndi PzKpfw II, ngakhale ena opanga ndi zigawo kwambiri.

Mu zaka 1939-1941, makampani onse chinkhoswe mu thanki kapangidwe reconnaissance. The zotsatira za ntchito zimenezi zinalengedwa zitsanzo zingapo, zimene kenako ngakhale itapangidwa natuma kutsogolo. Koma zonsezi bundling zosakhutitsa makasitomala, kotero ntchito anapitiriza. Mu 1942, akatswiri a potsiriza anatha kulenga makina chimene chimachita zinthu zonse, ndipo pambuyo zosintha zazing'ono izo kanatuluka kuchuluka kwa ndalama 800.

Luchs anali okonzeka ndi okwerera awiri wailesi ndi ambiri zipangizo anaziika, kotero kuti adalira ali latsopano membala - wailesi woyendetsa. Koma pambuyo woyamba magalimoto 100 anatumizidwa kuti kutsogolo, kunapezeka kuti 20 millimeter mfuti bwino sangathe kulimbana ndi mdani magalimoto oti muli nazo zida. Choncho, ena a chipani wasintha, ndipo wakhala akugwira ntchito kwa 50 millimeter mfuti mu nkhokwe zake. Koma zida Sikuti akwaniritsa zonse, choncho kupanga Luchs unatha.

akasinja sing'anga

German akasinja sing'anga pa World Chachiwiri zida ndi zosiyanasiyana zigawo kuti sanali mdani. Ngakhale magalimoto Soviet asilikali akadali anakwanitsa bwinobwino kulimbana magalimoto mdani.

Panzerkampfwagen III

German sing'anga thanki Pzkfw III m'malo kuloŵedwa wofooka Pzkfw I. Wehrmacht anapempha kuti galimoto wopanga kuti akanamenyana pa mawu ofanana ndi magalimoto adani onse, ndi kulemera kwa lachitsanzo latsopano anali kukhala matani 10 ndi 37 millimeter Cannon. German asilikali ankaganiza kuti Pzkfw III ndi unit yaikulu ya zida German. Nkhondo, iye anali kuthandiza munthu kuwala thanki Pzkfw II ndi katundu wina, amene ayenera kutumikira monga kuwombera platoon mphamvu.

Mu 1936 iye anali kuperekedwa ndi kusinthidwa woyamba za makina, ndipo mu 1939 chimodzi cha izo kale mu ulimi. Monga pakati pa Germany ndi Soviet Union anali anasaina mgwilizano mgwirizano asilikali luso, ndi USSR kuthi buku la makina kuyezetsa. Atafufuza anaganiza kuti ngakhale thanki akukwana oti muli nazo zida ndi kusala, koma mfuti ndi ofooka.

Pambuyo pa nkhondo yoyamba ndi France Wehrmacht zinadziwika kuti German thanki Pzkfw III salinso kupirira ntchito anatumizidwa izo, kotero izo zakhala akweza, izo anakhazikitsa chida champhamvu, ndipo anapanga oti muli nazo zida mphumi kuti galimoto zinali zovuta kwambiri nyama chifukwa ACS. Koma popeza khalidwe magalimoto mdani anapitiriza kukula, zigawo latsopano ndi kutenga Pzkfw III zinachititsa kuwonjezeka kwambiri misa choncho ndi kuwonongeka kwa permeability, kupanga thanki mipingo.

Panzerkampfwagen IV

Kupanga makina nawo kampani Krupp, amene chitukuko ndi chilengedwe cha thanki mphamvu yolemera matani 24 ndi 75 millimeter Cannon mlandu. Monga ena ambiri akasinja German ya Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse, PzKpfw IV anali okonzeka ndi galimotoyo, amene wapangidwa ndi mawilo msewu 8, amene bwino maneuverability ndi flotation makina.

Thanki anali zambiri zosintha. Pambuyo mayesero woyamba chitsanzo A, anaganiza kukhazikitsa injini wamphamvu kwambiri, zomwe zinachitikadi yotsatira awiri milingo kokha B ndi C, amene anatenga mbali mu kampeni Polish. Ngakhale iwo anali abwino m'munda, anaganiza kuti akonze chitsanzo latsopano ndi bwino zida. zitsanzo zonse wotsatira anali kusinthidwa kwambiri, anapatsidwa zinachitikira wabweza pambuyo Mabaibulo oyamba mayeso.

Kuyambira 1937 mpaka 1945 linafalitsidwa makope 8525 a zosintha osiyanasiyana omwe achita nawo pafupifupi onse nkhondo ndi ntchito bwino yonse ya nkhondo. Choncho zochokera PzKpfw IV analengedwa ochepa makina ena.

Panzerkampfwagen V Panther

Mwachidule akasinja German anatsimikizira kuti PzKpfw V Panther anali mmodzi wa galimoto yabwino kwambiri ya Wehrmacht. Chess kuyimitsidwa, 75 millimeter mfuti ndi zida zabwino anamuika zabwino German thanki, malinga ndi zimene akatswiri ambiri.

Chifukwa kwa zaka za nkhondo German magalimoto oti muli nazo zida kukwaniritsa kufunika, chitukuko cha thanki mphamvu anakhalabe mu magawo koyamba. Koma pamene Soviet Union waonetsa ukulu wake mu tankostroitelstve, lofalitsidwa ndi KV ndi T-34, amene anali kwambiri kuposa akasinja alipo German ya nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse, ndi ulamuliro wa Hitler anayamba kuganizira za kupanga latsopano, amphamvu kwambiri chitsanzo.

PzKpfw V Panther, analengedwa pa maziko a T-34, nawo nkhondo yaikulu kutsogolo ndi ku Ulaya anasonyeza bwino. Ngakhale kupanga chitsanzo ichi chinali ndithu yaitali mtengo, n'chofunikira ziyembekezo zonse oyambitsa ndi. Pakali pano, izo anapulumuka makope 16 okha, mmodzi amene ali Kubinka thanki owonetsera zakale.

akasinja lolemera

Pa nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse la firepower waukulu Germany anali akasinja katundu basi. Zimenezi n'zosadabwitsa ngati ife kuganizira makhalidwe awo luso. Amphamvu kwambiri lolemera German thanki - ndi, ndithudi, "Amabereka", koma musati msipu kumbuyo zotchuka mofanana "Mbewa".

Panzerkampfwagen VI Amabereka

The "Amabereka" anayamba kupanga mu 1941, ndipo mu August 1942 Mabaibulo oyamba nawo nkhondo ya Leningrad, ndipo kenako mu Nkhondo ya Kursk. Pambuyo asilikali a ku Germany anaukira Soviet Union ndipo anakumana ndi kukana amphamvu monga kuuluka oti muli nazo zida T-35, chida amene anali wokhoza kuwononga thanki aliyense German, anaganiza kuti akonze makina amene akhoza kupereka izo mmbuyo. Choncho, akatswiri anali kulenga akweza analogue HF-1 PzKpfw IV luso.

Great zida 88 mm mfuti thanki anayesetsa mwa akasinja lolemera padziko lonse, wakhala anazindikira mwa asilikali US, UK ndi France. Wamphamvu malire thanki kumbali zonse anamuika pafupifupi losagonjetseka, koma zida anapangitsa odana ndi Hitler Mgwirizano kufunika njira yatsopano ya nkhondoyo. Choncho, kutha kwa nkhondo, otsutsa Germany anali pamaso pa ACS, amene ali wokhoza kuononga ndi German thanki "Amabereka". Kuphatikizapo amenewa anaphatikizapo Soviet SU 100 ndi ISU 152.

Panzerkampfwagen VIII Maus

The Wehrmacht anakonza yomanga thanki wapamwamba-lolemera, amene adzakhala ndi chandamale chisawawa galimoto mdani. Pambuyo Hitler kale anasaina dongosolo la chitukuko cha omanga kutsogolera makina kukhulupirira kuti palibe kwa chilengedwe cha chotero chitsanzo. Koma Ferdinand Porsche ndinaganiza mwinamwake ndi kuti munthu anayamba kupanga lonse latsopano mayunitsi wapamwamba kwambiri chifukwa cha zida za nkhondo. Chifukwa ndi "mbewa" zida zomwe ndi 200-240 mm, ndilo umboni kwa zida za nkhondo.

makope 2 Only zinasindikizidwa, koma iwo anali litaphulitsidwa Red Army mu 1945, monga ena ambiri akasinja German. Photos zimene zasungidwa ndi chitsanzo anasonkhana ku akasinja pamwamba awiri chakumene, kupereka lingaliro kwambiri wa mphamvu anali chitsanzo ichi.

Pomaliza

Kuti adzimvera, ziyenera kuti osachepera Germany pa World nkhondo II makampani thanki anali amamudziwa anayamba kuonekera zinthu zatsopano monga kuyankha zitsanzo ngati a akasinja Soviet monga HF, HF-1, T-35, ndi ena ambiri. Mfundo imeneyi momveka bwino kufunika ntchito pa zotsatira za nkhondo unachita cha anthu Soviet kuti chigonjetso.