Anasokonezeka kupondereza - usilikali mayeso woyendetsa Alexander Filin

Dziko ayenera kudziwa ngwazi ake mu nkhope, koma zilembo chomwecho mu Stalin nyengo anawomberedwa popanda mlandu. mndandanda anali ndi dzina lake Aleksandr Ivanovich Filin - Air Force Major General kuyesedwa woyendetsa ndege amene anapanga zopereka kwambiri kuti chitukuko cha ndege asilikali dziko wake ndipo anazunzidwa ndi "tate wa chifuniro cha anthu.

Alexander Filin: yonena

Iye anabadwa mu Moscow mu 1903, pa January 18, mu wamba banja njanji kondakitala. Mu 1916 iye maphunziro Butyrskaya m'sukulu za pulayimale nambala 4 bwinobwino anaphunzira mokwanira, ndipo mu 1918 anapitiriza maphunziro ake pa Moscow Electrotechnical College.

Mu 1921, Alexander Filin zokopa zaufulu chibatizidwireni wa Red Army. Kuyambira mu 1922 mpaka 1924, iye anaphunzira pa asilikali ongolankhula sukulu Air Force mu Petrograd, ndiye anayamba kuculuka maphunziro ake ankhondo Kachin ndi Borisoglebsk oyendetsa masukulu. Akamaliza ake anatumizidwa kutumikira Squadron 17 ku Chita. Kweneko iye anasankhidwa kukhala Council City ndi membala wa Komiti chigawo Chita.

Mu 1926, Alexander Filin anayamba kuphunzira pa Air Force Academy. Zhukovsky. August 26, 1929 mu ophimba ndi A. F. Kovalkovym pandege A. S. Yakovleva - mpweya 3 - iyo imakhala nkhani mayiko mtunda ndi pafupifupi liwiro Jets pamodzi njira Mineralnye Vody - Moscow.

ntchito

Popeza 1930, dzina lake Aleksandr Filin anali m'gulu mayeso woyendetsa kwa Institute Air Force. Mu 1934 iye anali kupereka dongosolo la Lenin ndi GAZ-M-1. Mu chaka chomwecho adalandira chachiwiri Order la Lenin, ndipo mu November 1937, anaikidwa Mutu wa Institute Air Force. Mu 1939 iye anali kupereka dongosolo la Red Star.

7 May 1941 mu boma la Russia pa msonkhano wa akuluakulu Air Force Lamulo, anapezeka ndi Stalin, kadzidzi anapulumutsa lipoti limene kusanthula mwatsatanetsatane ntchito anayambitsa poyera anaulula zolakwa makampani ndege, amene linatsimikizidwa ndi kugonjera mayesero boma si wadutsa zonse macheke fakitale ndege monga lagg-1 Yak-1, Yak-4, C-2, Lamulungu-2, EF-2. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, lipotilo ayamba makani pakati Stalin ndi Filin.

chamanyazi

Pamene maulendo mayeso MiG-3 Air Force Institute Research deta zosiyana wake wamfupi zimapezeka kuposa anaonetsa ndege mwapadera bungwe Moscow - Leningrad. Iwo anali mu mayesero boma zinthu zosiyana ndi chipangizo zina, omwe amakhazikitsa ndi akadakwanitsira injini ntchito.

Izi anauzidwa kuti Stalin, amene yomweyo yoikidwiratu ntchito ndi amayi, mlembi wa Malenkov, Commissar of Kumenyana ndi kazembe wamkulu wa General Wogwila Tishchenko Vatutin. Atsogoleri kutali kumvetsa mavuto onse ndi intricacies ntchito mayeso kukaneneza Kadzidzi kuti mwadala understated deta ya zida mayeso.

Posakhalitsa, lamulo linaperekedwa kuti amangidwe Major General A. I. Filina. Mu ndime yoyamba iye mlandu understating osiyanasiyana MiG-3, ndipo, oddly mokwanira, iye mlandu ndi zimene mlandu injiniya Yakovlev - osakwanira mayesero Yak-1, komanso chakuti ndege anayikidwa mu mndandanda kupanga popanda kuyezetsa, ngakhale Alexander kale anaumirira kuyang'anira wathunthu. Pa nthawi yomweyo ife kuchotsedwa gulu la akatswiri ndi oyendetsa mayeso amene anachita mayesero onse Institute Air Force.

Filin anamangidwa May 23, 1941. Chilango anaganiza kazembe. Kobulov Beria ndi NKVD wofufuzayo Vlodzimirsky. Iwo sanali amachita ndege ndi luso mwatsatanetsatane, ndipo pomwepo mlandu chiwembu odana Soviet. February 23, 1942 woyamba mlengi mpirawo. The file kufufuza linalembedwa pa Filin, mlanduyo anachonderera alibe mlandu. March 26, 1955 Alexander Filin - mayeso woyendetsa ndi likulu kalata - anali anapulumutsa ndi kumukonzanso atamwalira.

mapulani Chinsinsi Chiefs

Pamapeto pake anakomoka achifasizimu onse akufuna kulanda Moscow nadza kunasintha nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse, mboni pa kukonzekera pang'onopang'ono anayamba "kuyeretsa." Kadzidzi anawomberedwa oyamba. Ndipo chifukwa chiyani? Chifukwa chakuti iye ikuchitika ndi malamulo aboma? Kapena chifukwa kuteteza mfundo yake bwanji? Pano mukhoza kuchita kuchotsa kapena kulandidwa udindo wa asilikali, koma osati kuyamba "otaya" umenewu wantchito wapatali. Nkhani ya MiG-3 anali chabe chowiringula yabwino. Pali zifukwa angakhale ena. General Kadzidzi, mwina anadziwa zolinga lankhondo la mtsogoleri kapena cholowa zambiri, kumasokoneza ake mu mawu a mgwirizano ndi Germany, zomwe kukakomana ndi wosasintha. Ndipotu, anawomberedwa ndi olemekezeka ena amene anatha kuchitira umboni kuti mapulani chinsinsi Stalin.

Mkazi ndi ana Aleksandra Filina

Mokwanira ndi mkazi wake anapita Filin - Androsovoy N. A. Pamene iye anali mu ndende, silinafike wakhudzidwa. Kulanga anachedwa, ndiye achoke wa Institute Research Air Force. Anayamba kugwira ntchito kumeneko ndipo inanyamula pamodzi ndi Institute, choncho ayenera mwachidule anataya. Ndiye Natalia anakhala ndi mwana wake m'dziko la Sverdlovsk Oblast Committee Executive ndi kanthu ankaganizira. Koma May 28, 1942 iye anamangidwa monga mkazi wachinyengo, ndipo anatumizidwa ku Krasnoyarsk Gawo kwa zaka zisanu. Tsoka la mwana anakhalabe osadziwika. Banjalo mphungu akadzidzi anali asintha khalidwe lawo, koma mobisa silinakwaniritsidwe kuchotsedwa akambirana.

epilogue

Pamene mu September 1942 zinachititsa specifications kuphunzira angapo ndege, chinapezeka kuti MiG-3 anali osiyanasiyana pazipita 725 Km, koma ndege ankafunikira mtunda wa 1000 kukafika kwa kukhazikitsa zolinga German olowa nkhondo. Ndipo Soviet mtsogoleri Stalin anapita kwa iwo, koma akanatha kuti kulimba mtima kulankhula motsutsa England? The British anali mwachinyengo chotero kuti, kuwerengera phindu la nkhondo ndi Germany, woyamba kuthandiza Russia ndi oweruzidwa Germany Hitler. nkhondo yakhala powalonjeza kuti "kupha" oopsa otsutsa iye anathawa ndi magazi pang'ono ndipo anakhala wolamulira wa dongosolo m'tsogolo. Ndipo mu nkhondo imeneyi, mmodzi wa "kwambiri" anali Alexander Filin - mayeso woyendetsa.