Baroque kalembedwe pa zomangamanga

zomangamanga Baroque panatha zaka 200 ndipo anagonjetsa Ulaya, America. kalembedwe ichi, kuwonjezera pa zomangamanga, anagwidwa ku XVI m'ma XVIII Onse mitundu luso, makamaka kwambiri kuti zakhudza mu zisudzo ndi kupenta.

mizu Baroque agona ku Kubadwa Kwatsopano. The gulu loyimba atangokhala pabwalo wamkulu wa Belvedere mu Vatican Bramante. Linamangidwa mu kalembedwe yemweyo, amene nyumba zina zinalengedwa: ziboliboli zosowa zakale, laibulale, zonse m'munda ndi zisudzo. Tikhoza kunena kuti ichi ndi zinachitika a zomangamanga Baroque, monga mitundu okha moyenera ndi bata.

Villa Dzhuliya kwa pontifi Julius III zinachitidwa ndi wamanga Vignola ndi mbali zonse ndi zinthu chibadidwe kalembedwe imeneyi. Kale ntchito ina ya Michelangelo ofufuza onani mwamphamvu maganizo, nkhawa ndi kufanana chachikulu ndi katswiri wa zomangamanga ndi zimaonetsa kalembedwe Baroque pa zomangamanga. Izi zimaonetsera mphamvu ndi chuma, n'zosadabwitsa ntchito yomasulira mawu kumabweretsa mtundu wa chitayiko, oipa ndi chizolowezi owonjezera. Likulu la chikhalidwe anali Italy.

Mannerism kumanzere anathandiza kuti kalembedwe Baroque pa zomangamanga. Opanga kukuchititsa zimenezi, ngakhale kuti zokhumba zake zonse ndi zofooka, anatola zizoloŵezi zofunika chibadidwe kalembedwe imeneyi, yakupereka iwo mapulani a otchedwa oyambirira Baroque: Domenico Fontana, Carlo ndi Giacomo Nouveau Port. Iwo anali pa nthawi imeneyo zosowa za anthu zikugwirizananso ndi otchuka mzinda zachifumu, mchitidwe umenewu, dziko analeredwa ndi minda Baroque ndi nyumba za mafumu. Wapakamwa wa mpingo wa Roma Il Gesu amakhala njira imene imathandizira pa ntchito yomanga mipingo yambiri, osati Italy, komanso France, Belarus, Ukraine ndi ena.

Baroque kalembedwe pa zomangamanga m'nyengo ya Mannerism tinatengera chokhumba chilichonse odabwitsa, zodabwitsa ndi zachilendo. Izi makamaka zikupezeka mu mitunda ya m'mapaki ndi minda. nyumba zachilendo, monga zisudzo wapoyera, chimphona chosema cha chimphona kapna chophimba grotesque Akumenya mfundo zake zachilendo ndi zosowa. Nthawiyi amakhala ndi chilengedwe cha maofesi ndi zopereka owonetsera zakale woyamba ndi nyimbo. Komanso kuunikira pakutchulidwa wa greenhouses ndi kunja zomera, zachilendo zosonkhanitsira mchere ndi zipsera.

Kenako Generation taonera chosaneneka katswiri Borromini - zodabwitsa mlengi, draftsman ndi kum'manga. Iye molimba mtima anachoka malamulo a chakale, malamulo akale ndi mbiri njira. Amangira zovuta kochuruka kwa nyumbayi ndipo, kani, ndi amene analowa m'malo mwa Michelangelo, Bernini kuposa kapena Cortona.

N'zochititsa chidwi Baroque ndi katswiri pa zomangamanga monga Juvara. Iwo timapitiriza expressiveness zachifumu risalits, zomangamanga opendekera, kusewera mabuku osiyanasiyana. Mu nthawi yake zokongoletsa ndi zambiri odzilamulira, wodzazidwa ndi mizati, pilasters ndi rusticated, zomwe zikugwirizananso ndi classicism, koma iwo nawobe kukongola, ulemerero ndi kuchuluka kalembedwe Baroque. Katswiri SEAR - ndi silhouettes zodabwitsa limaonetseratu Stupinigi Castle, ndi Royal Palace ya Madrid ndi tchalitchi cha Superga.

Russian Baroque zomangamanga anasonyeza mtima ndi kukula kwa ufumu ndi anthu otchuka anali pansi pa 1st. m'ma XVIII. Iye anawonekera angapo peculiarities dziko. Russian Baroque osiyana ndi yowala nyumba Italy kuphweka, structural momveka, kugwirizana maziko yolimbikitsa, ndi zinthu zokongoletsera. Russian Baroque zomangamanga ali ndi khalidwe lalikulu, ndi mwakhama ntchito kuwala mitundu kupenta, molimba osiyanitsa coloristic ndi gilding. kalembedwe Izi luso wafika mu kuchuluka waukulu Manor ndi gulu loyimba m'tauni ya Tsarskoye Selo, Peterhof, St. Petersburg ndi ena., Osiyanasiyana wokhulupirika ndi wapadera momveka a maofesi a kamangidwe ndi nyimbo ya nyumba. nthumwi zake kwambiri anali Rastrelli, Ukhtomsky, Zemtsov.