Mononorma - izo ... Mononormy wosazindikira anthu

maphunziro Public anaonekera zaka zikwi zinayi zapitazo. Koma kusanduka chikhalidwe cha anthu ali zaka zoposa zikwi makumi asanu. Kale panali statehood, pali kale malamulo a mgwirizano pakati pa anthu, malamulo, mphamvu, ndi ulamuliro. Mu sayansi, ndi onse a maubwenzi amenewa amatchedwa mononormami. Koma ndi chiyani icho? Mononorma - miyambo kunyumba yang'anira, nyongolosi makhalidwe ndi lamulo.

mitundu ya amazilamulira

Mononorma - ndi munthu wamba malamulo onse a khalidwe (kapena ya malamulo). Pershits, chabwino Russian mbiri ndi ethnologist, kupeza mitundu zotsatirazi ubale:

1) mabanja ndi ukwati;

2) Chigawo cha ntchito mwa amuna ndi azimai;

3) malamulo a nkhondo ndi kusaka;

4) kulekana kwa chakudya ndi jenda ndi maudindo osiyanasiyana;

5) Maganizo a mikangano pakati pa mamembala munthu ammudzi.

Ubwino wa munthu wosazindikira

Mononormy wosazindikira anthu yodziwika ndi chakuti kunalibe kulekana kwa ufulu ndi udindo ndi mtundu wa mchikhalidwe - makhalidwe, chipembedzo. Nthawi zambiri, anthu malamulo ndi njira zina za taboos (malamulo oletsa), amene anthu ankaonera mbiri isanayambe ngati mbalume (mankhwala) wochokera mizimu kapena milungu (mphamvu zozizwitsa). Zinali kuvomerezedwa kuti malamulo amenewa anali atathana ziletso zamatsenga ndiponso achipembedzo. Pakuti akutulukira pamene malamulo ndi malamulo anali yodziwika ndi otchedwa "totem" mawonekedwe, kuti, nyama kapena chomera amayesedwa wopatulika. Totemism - ndi chikhulupiriro chakuti pakati pa fuko ndi mtundu wina wa mbewu / nyama kapena chinthu alipo zamatsenga zimakhalira pachibale. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, anthu sankaloledwa kupha nyama (kapena mbewu kubudula). Munjira ina ili mononorma - ndi wosazindikira zinachitika wa "Red Book" ngati yang'anira zachilengedwe.

Ndipo icho chinali chiyani?

Mononorma - njira malamulo, nthawi zambiri chopanda malire, zomwe kunayamba akale. Mu nthawi ya mbiri isanayambe mwa njira zosiyanasiyana a anthu chabe amayamba anali kwenikweni ziletso. Koma panali kachigawo ka zilolezo ndi (alola) ndi zambiri zabwino. Mwachitsanzo, kugonana pachibale choletsedwa (pachibale) ndi chisokonezo amapatukana maudindo zinchito mwa fuko / dera. Pa nthawi yomweyo wakhala analola kusaka m'madera ena a mitundu ina. Zabwino lamulo ubale chikhalidwe MUKACHULUKIDWE zoti zolinga: kusalumikizana kuphika nyumba, kupanga zida ndi zina zotero. Komabe, malamulo awa sali olekanitsidwa chikhalidwe ozungulira anthu. Iwo anathandiza okha ku chilengedwe cha njira bwino kugawa zinthu zachilengedwe (mwachitsanzo, chiphaso cha moto kapena kuswana a ziweto).

Kodi tikudziwa bwanji opha izi?

Pakuti wosazindikira munthu mononorma - izo Obshcheplemennaja ntchito ndi kufunika. Masiku ano mungapeze kumatikumbutsabe malamulowa ndi kukaniza awo miyambo, mapembedzedwe, nthano, ndi miyambo. Mwambo - woyamba kulamulira mbiri ubale pakati pa mafuko ndi anthu anatengedwa payokha. Iwo anali atathana miyambo zaka anakamba zothandiza ndi zomveka khalidwe moyo, amene ndiye napitilira mibadwo ndi kusonyeza zofuna za anthu onse a fuko mofanana. miyambo zasintha pang'onopang'ono, ndilo ndithu mogwirizana ndi mayendedwe a chitukuko, zimene zakhala muyezo kwa anthu a nthawi imeneyo. Compliance ndi miyambo akuchipatala anali ndi udindo aliyense wa m'deralo, zomwe anazitsanulira mwa chizolowezi amphamvu. N'zodziwikiratu miyambo mafuko anakhala thandizo zofuna wamba mamembala a fuko, kulingana, kusowa mkangano zofuna za.