Zizindikiro wakale maiko a dziko ndi phindu

Aliyense chikhalidwe cha masiku amakedzana anasiya ambiri otchulidwa. Iwo anatuluka ngati njira mafano a milungu ndiponso zochitika zauzimu mu moyo wamba a anthu. Nthawi zambiri, anthu anali zokhudza chipembedzo, chimene onyamula chikhalidwe makamaka mu chidziwitso ndi kufotokoza zimene zikuchitika. Zithunzi zosamvetsetseka ankagwiritsa ntchito miyambo yosiyanasiyana. Ambiri a iwo akhala kumasuliridwa ndi mbiri yakale komanso ofukula pokhapokha kafukufuku yaitali.

Asilavo wakale

Amadziwika chifukwa cha chikondi cha zithunzi zosiyanasiyana. zizindikiro wakale wa mtundu angapezeke mu gawo lalikulu ku Volga kwa Germany ndi Balkans. Kale unagawidwa mabungwe mafuko ndi magulu ambiri ndi dongosolo wamba. Izi kuphatikizapo zizindikiro za Russia wakale.

Chofunika kwambiri pa mafano a dzuwa unachita. Kwa iye, panali zizindikiro zingapo. Mwachitsanzo, zinali Kolyadniki. Iwo anali ankavala makamaka ndi anthu amene ankafuna Choncho nzeru anamenyana ndi moyo watsiku ndi tsiku. Mulungu Kolyada anaika mu Chisilavo ankaziona kuti achiwonjezere nthawi zonse dziko ndi chigonjetso cha kuwala pa mdima.

Kuthana ndi udzu ntchito ngati chithumwa ndi mizimu yoipa m'munsi. Iwo anali ankavala pa zovala, zida zankhondo, zida, ndi zina zotero. D. The zizindikiro za Asilavo akale anaphatikizapo ratiborets. Icho chinali chizindikiro cha wankhondo, amene chofunika kwambiri chinali mtima, kulimba mtima, ndi ulemu. Iye akhapidziwa kuti ratiborets amapereka makhalidwe amenewa kuti onse amene moona mtima ndi kutifotokozera akonda dziko lake, kwawo. Nthawi zambiri izo akufotokozedwa mwa chosema - luso, imene Asilavo anadziwa kwambiri. Monga ena ambiri zizindikiro wakale ratiborets anali chizindikiro dzuwa, pang'ono ngati dzuwa. Zino pamene chionekera swastika amatanthauza mkombero wosatha wa chilengedwe chonse. Anaberekera mwamuna wake anavomereza kuti adzakhala okhulupirika ake magulu akuluakulu a chilengedwe.

Zizindikiro za Asilavo akale ananena ndi banja lake - zing'onozing'ono unit wa anthu onse. Zinali svadebnik, kuyimira maphatikizidwe wa thupi, moyo, chikumbumtima ndi mzimu wa anthu amene akufuna kulowa mgwirizano matrimonial.

Zizindikiro za nyengo ya Asilavo

zophiphiritsa zambiri wakale anabwera ku mwambo wa kulambira moto monga tsoka lalikulu. Izi angakupatseni ochepa. olambira Yarovrat wa Mulungu zikuuluka Yaro, amene mothandizidwa ndi mphamvu moto umayang'anira nyengo, kutanthauza kuti anali kupita ndi zokolola. Choncho, pofuna kupeza ambiri zikhalidwe ndi ntchito chizindikiro ichi. Dukhobor komanso ukuimira moto, koma moto mkati. Icho chinali chizindikiro cha lawi la moyo. Ngati fuko anthu odwala, izo chidafundidwa ndi nsalu Dukhobor. Grozovik anathandiza kuteteza akachisi ndi nyumba kwa nyengo, thunderstorms, mikuntho, ndi masoka ena.

Chizindikiro cha dziko lapansi mwa Asilavo wakale - izo Solard. nthaka anali unakambidwanso mogwirizana ndi mwambo wa umayi, amene ankachita mafuko ena. dziko kutukuka kutanthauza Kuwonjezeka chakudya ndi atsimikize moyo mtundu.

futhorc

runes Scandinavia ntchito ndi mafuko ambiri ku Germany. Iwo anali zawo wapadera nthano ndi zithunzi zogwirizana ndi mmene mavuto a anthu. Runes sanali zizindikiro chabe, koma zizindikiro komanso olembedwa. Katunduyu ankapakiridwa miyala uthenga makamaka. Iwo analemba epic Saga, kuwauza za mbiri ndi nthano ya ku Germany.

Komabe, khalidwe, ngati ankaona payokha, komanso ndi kufunika kwake. zilembo Runic tichipeza runes 24, ogaŵikana mizere itatu ya 8 lililonse. Dziko linapeza za 5000 kupulumuka zolemba chinenero lodabwitsali. Ambiri a zinthu zakale anapeza mu Sweden.

zitsanzo fleeces

The rune woyamba Fehu anatanthauza ng'ombe, ndi m'lingaliro wodziika - katundu aliyense payekha Germany. Uruz limaimira kapena ng'ombe njati. Choncho, kusiyana pakati pa chizindikiro loyamba ndi lachiwiri anali chakuti Ngati munthu kutanthauza Pet, ndipo chachiwiri - zakutchire ndi ufulu.

Thurisaz kutanthauza kukwera lakuthwa kapena Thor ndi nyundo - mulungu yaikulu ya gulu la German. Ndi ntchito kupangira wovalayo zabwino ndi kutetezedwa magulu a adani. Ansuz - Image m'kamwa lotseguka, kuti ndi chifanizo kapena kunena nzeru. Komanso, ndi chizindikiro cha kusamala, ngati mitundu Scandinavia ankakhulupirira kuti anthu anzeru sadzakumbutsanso wakulungama.

Raido - ngolo kapena msewu akubwera wapaulendo. Zophiphiritsa wakale komanso kufunika kwake pakati pa Germany zambiri anali ndi matanthauzo awiri. Kenazi - chizindikiro cha moto. Koma m'lawi ili lamoto wochezeka. Nthawi zambiri, zimenezi zikutanthauza moto muuni, umene Kumalimbikitsa munthu ndi kumupatsa tanthauzo la chitonthozo ndi chitonthozo kunyumba.

Yotsatira runes awiri amaimira chisangalalo. Gebo - ndi mphatso ndi kupatsa. Iye akufotokozedwa ngati chizindikiro cha zolinga zabwino. Ngati rune ntchito poombeza, wagwa Gebo anali bwino kwambiri kwa munthu amene anali anadabwa zosangalatsa m'tsogolo. Zizindikiro wakale ndi zizindikiro, ndipo tsopano nthawi zambiri mfundo zamatsenga utumiki Wachiwiri-akunja. Vuno amatanthauza chisangalalo. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri molumikizana ndi Gebo. Ngati iye analemba pafupi rune wina, izo zimatanthauza bwino kapena mwayi kuti ukuimiliridwa ndi chizindikiro pafupi. Mwachitsanzo, Vuno ndi Fehu anali malodza kwa Kuwonjezera lalikulu ziweto za m'banja.

Ena runes akhala n'chimodzimodzi ndi zinthu zachilengedwe, pamaso pawo angapezeke pafupifupi mitundu komanso zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, Laguz - chizindikiro cha madzi, nyanja, kapena ngakhale m'njira wophiphiritsa wa yodziŵiratu zinthu pasadakhale.

Kukula kwa makalata runic

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti pa nthawi ambiri rune zilembo unagawika zingapo zimene mungachite kuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kuyambira malire a Ufumu wa Roma ku muyeso circumpolar kumpoto Norway. Ambiri ndi otchedwa praskandinavsky Baibulo imene onse anapita lotsatira. Icho chinali kugwiritsidwa ntchito kufikira VIII m'ma BC, womwe kwa Iron Age m'madera amenewa. Ambiri mwa amenewa akupezeka pa zida wakale rune, zida ndi miyala msewu. zizindikiro oterowo ntchito miyambo ndi matsenga achipembedzo komanso m'tsogolo. Sacral ndi chikumbutso zolemba zimapezeka lero mu manda ndipo m'nkhalango.

Kum'mawa kwa Ulaya, ambiri Gothic runes, wabweretsedwa kuno ku Scandinavia. Iwo akhoza ngakhale zimapezeka Ukraine ndi Romania. Patapita Germany anakakhala ku British Isles, iwo ali kusintha awo zolembedwazi. Iwo anali wolumikizana ndi kupatulana wa dziko zakale ndi kuloŵerera ndi "mbadwa" - .. kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zabwino, Saxon, ndi iwo adzakhala runes atsopano, ndipo ambiri mwa amenewa ndi phokoso awiri mu chinenero (akatswiri a zinenero kuwatcha diphthongs). Izi zimasungika ngakhale mu chinenero chamakono German.

Special zosowa ankaona Chiayisilandiki runes. Iwo anali pachilumba china, zomwe ankaona kumpoto-kumadzulo kumalire a dziko. Iwo yodziwika ndi ntchito mizere kumugwetsera. runes izi mu ntchito mpaka m'ma XIV. Pankhani ya zilembo Scandinavia, iwo mbisoweka mkubwela kwa Christianity mu Ufumu wa Sweden, Norway ndi Denmark. Ntchito runes ankaona mpatuko ndi koopsa ndi akuluakulu a boma.

Egypt

Mmodzi wa wotchuka zizindikiro za Egypt ndi Ankh. mtanda uwu, lomwe pamwamba korona mphete. Iloli limaimira moyo ndi Umuyaya. Palinso mankhwala kuwoloka ndi mphete monga zizindikiro za dzuwa likutuluka, mankhwala a yamphongo ndi yaikazi. Ankh anamugwiritsa ntchito miyambo ya maliro, monga Aiguputo anakhulupirira anamuika sarcophagus ndi Anhom kulandira moyo wosatha akadzamwalira.

Tsiku ndi tsiku, anamaliza mtanda muubwino kukhala ndi chimwemwe. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri kunyamula ngati amulet ndi chithumwa cha zabwino zonse. Ankh lakhala likugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti adziteteze matsenga mdima. Komanso, chifaniziro chake ngakhale pa makoma a ngalande mtsinje. Aiguputo amadalira kwambiri mmene litulukira Neil, kodi yokolola. N'chifukwa chake Ankh utoto mkati njira, kuti tizivutika naye, ndi zinthu zachilengedwe anakhalabe waubwenzi kwa anthu a.

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti pambuyo wakale chitukuko cha Aigupto apita mu chisokonezeko, Anhui anatha kupulumuka. Ena nthawi m'mphepete mwa mtsinje wa Nailo anapambana chikhalidwe wakale, ndipo kenako anayamba Islam. Koma ngakhale m'zaka za m'ma AD poyamba munali Akristu amene anayambitsa dera lake Chikoputiki. Iwo anatenga Ankh chifukwa cha nkhope yake pa mtanda.

Diso la Horus

zofunika Aigupto chizindikiro china - izo zonse diso lopenya. Image maso utoto - mawu onena za mulungu Horus, amene ali mbuye wa kumwamba. Mwauzimu, amene ankawakonda ndi diso, zimatanthauza kayendedwe wosatha mphamvu. chizindikiro amagwilitsidwa ntchito ngati chithumwa ndi mizimu yoyipa ndi mavuto.

Mu nthano la Iguputo, pali nkhani ya nkhondo ya Horus ndi Seti. Izi ndi fanizo ambiri kulimbana kwa chabwino ndi choipa. Popeza nyanga anali mwini wake wa kuwala konse, anayamba ntchito ochiritsa chizindikiro ndi ansembe kuti odwala ndi ovulala pankhondo. Komanso Masamu anayamba kupanga Aigupto. Diso la Horus, ndipo pano anapeza ntchito yake - zinatanthauza nusu.

Scarab ndi Isisi

chizindikiro ena otchuka Egypt - scarab. The kafadala, amene amakhala mu ndowe kuumbidwa mipira mwa izo, kusonyeza khama. Komanso, iwo amasonkhana ndi mulungu dzuwa - Ra, amene, monga tizilombo, tsiku lililonse anasamukira gwero kuwala. Scarabs anali chithumwa otchuka, zisindikizo, ndipo ngakhale mendulo mautumiki kwa Farao. Ziwerengero kafadala zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa miyambo tsogolo. Iwo anaika mu sarcophagus kwa akufa, kapena ngakhale kugona mu malo kamodzi mtima (ziwalo zonse analaswa ndi anaika mu zotengera osiyana). zizindikiro akale ambiri anali kugwiritsa ntchito wapawiri - kunyumba ndi pamaliropo. The okhala Nile anali ndi mtima woopa kwa imfa.

Mafano a mulungu wamkazi Isisi zambiri kudutsa akusewera mu chuma. Icho chinali chizindikiro cha dziko lapansi, chonde ndi kutukuka. Isisi - mmodzi wa milungu kwambiri akulemekezedwa wa gulu la. chizindikiro cha madzi ku Iguputo anatanthauza moyo. Ndipo n'zosadabwitsa, chifukwa chikhalidwe linakhazikitsidwa pa magombe a Nile, kupitirira omwe anali akufa, ndipo wamenya chipululu.

Zizindikiro za Ancient Egypt analowa chikhalidwe ano kuyambira chiyambi cha XX atumwi panali mafashoni kwa luso deco. Mu 20s ndi onse a ku Ulaya ndi United States, ndi bated mpweya, kuonera atulukira ofukula. Awa anali piramidi ndi chobisika manda, wotchuka kwambiri amene ali m'manda Tut. Zizindikiro za Aigupto wakale anatsala pa makoma ngati nkhani zodabwitsa.

Rome

Ufumu wa Roma inamangidwa mozungulirapo likulu lake. Kwa zaka zambiri, chizindikiro cha likulu linali likulu la dziko wakale. Choncho, mu gulu Roma panali mwambo wapadera wa mzinda. chizindikiro chake ndi Capitoline Wolf.

Malinga ndi ena amanena, anayambitsa Rome, abale Romul Ine Rem, anali ana a mfumu. Kamodzi mu mphamvu chiwembu mu amalume ake adadza, analamula kuponya ana mumtsinje. Ichi chidachitika, koma iwo anapulumuka, pambuyo popezedwa Capitoline iye mmbulu, amene nasamalidwa iwo. Ana anakulira, Romulus anayambitsa Rome, ndipo anakhala mfumu ya boma latsopano limene analipo ngakhale Zakachikwi.

N'chifukwa chake anthu onse ku Roma lopuwala pamaso nkhandwe. Lake chosema mkuwa anaima Forum likulu, komwe anatenga zofunika kwambiri boma. chithunzi wakhala mwambo, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri a m'tauni.

Ku Roma, zizindikiro wakale ndi matanthauzo Ndakhala kugwirizana ndi boma. Mwachitsanzo, pamene kunali chabe Republic laling'ono, ankaimba yofunika maphunziro. Zinali ofesi kusankidwa kwa chaka chimodzi. Mu lictor anali chizindikiro cha mphamvu zimapangitsa izo kuoneka osiyana ndi chiwerengero cha nzika. Izi fascia - Magulu nthambi birch kapena Elm, yokutidwa ndi lamba kapena chingwe. Ngati chizindikiro cha nkhwangwa ankagwiritsidwanso ntchito, kutanthauza kuti anthu amene anavala izo zikanakhoza adzapha wolakwa.

Greece

nthano za Chiroma unakhazikitsidwa kwakukulukulu mchikakamizo cha chikhalidwe china chachikulu - Greek. Chotero, ena mwa Hellas mayina zinali zogwirizana kwa Italy.

Mwachitsanzo, wakale Greece zizindikiro monga chithunzi cha ndodo ya Asclepius - mulungu wa mankhwala ndi machiritso. Malinga ndi nthano, izo ankatchedwa Cretan Mfumu Minos, amene anamufunsa kutsitsimutsa mwana asanakalambe wakufayo. Asclepius anali yachifumu ndi ndodo yake mu dzanja lake. Panthawi ina iye anaukira njoka, koma munthu kumupha iye ndi ndodo yake. Zotsatirazi woyamba mumafuna chokwawa chachiwiri, chomwe chinali udzu mkamwa mwake. Ndi izo, iye nakhalanso njoka. Ndiye Asclepius anatenga mbewu nawo nyumba ya Minos ndi kuwathandiza. Kuyambira pamenepo, ndodo njoka wakhala chizindikiro cha mankhwala.

kusintha wina umene ulipo masiku ano - mbale uyu Hygeia ndi njoka. Mtsikanayu anali mwana wa Asclepius. Iwo anakhala chizindikiro mayiko chizindikiro cha mankhwala.

chifanizo china cha ndodo, zofala Greece ndi takeover wa Rome - Caduceus. ndodo anali kuwagwiritsa ntchito mouthpieces, amene lipoti (mwachitsanzo, pakati Athens ndi Sparta) kuthetsa nkhondo pakati limati. Choncho Caduceus anakhala chizindikiro cha mtendere ngati Agiriki ndi Aroma. Image, n'kupita akale heraldry European.

zizindikiro wakale wa chikondi Greece m'gulu gulugufe. tizilombo wokongola amagwirizana ndi umodzi banja ndi chimwemwe.