Olhovidnaya Rhamnus (alder buckthorn): Kubzala ndi kukonza maonekedwe, chithunzi

Buckthorn mbewu, ndi chithunzi chimene yomweyo kukumbutsa ambiri kuti tikulankhula otchedwa "Wolfberry" zikhoza kuoneka ngati chitsamba kapena mtengo yaing'ono. mtundu amalima makamaka copses kapena m'mbali nkhalango, Nthawi zambiri pa magombe a mtsinje kapena nyanja.

zambiri

Mu chikhalidwe, pali za zana ndi mitundu makumi asanu buckthorn. Mamembala a mtundu uwu ali ofala m'madera otentha kapena subtropical ya kumpoto ndi kum'mwera kwa dziko lapansi. The zosiyanasiyana kwambiri, malinga ndi akatswiri, zimawonedwa ku North America. Species ya buckthorn zambiri, koma machiritso si onse. Pali mitundu itatu angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mankhwala ofewetsa tuvi tolimba. Ambiri ndi alder buckthorn Asplenifolia, ngakhale m'madera ena nthawi zambiri ntchito zolinga mankhwala zhoster, kapena zosiyanasiyana American. Mu dziko lathu ameneyu amapezeka mu nkhalango steppe mabacteria a mbali European, m'chigawo chapakati cha Western Siberia, mu Asia Minor, koma koposa zonse ndi kukula mu Crimea ndi Caucasus.

Home kwa mtengo uwu wa ang'ono imatengedwa Western lapansi. Mwina icho poyamba anapeza pa gombe la nyanja ya Mediterranean. Ndipo akatswiri amanena kuti wakale "agogo» Asplenifolia analiko nyengo Mesozoic - mu nthawi Cretaceous. Lero, lofalitsidwa koposa ntchito ngati chomera yokongola ntchito mu malo, analandira buckthorn olhovidnaya kapena Chimaona, ndi tsache, macrophylla, thanthwe, zazubrennolistnaya ndi Palmer.

ntchito pharmacological

Kuchiritsa katundu wa mbewu si mmene ndithu. Buckthorn, chithunzi chimene chili bwino kwa anthu ambiri, uli ndi khalidwe lokha. Za iwo ayenera kudziwa pasadakhale, kuti avulaze chithandizo. Mankhwala zolinga, ochuluka ntchito zonse buckthorn olhovidnaya, yeniyeni, makungwa ake. Kuphunzira mankhwala ake zikuchokera anasonyeza kuti muli zambiri zinthu biologically yogwira, ndi amphamvu kwambiri amene ali frangulin ndi glyukofrangulin. makungwa Buckthorn kumakhudza mankhwala ofewetsa tuvi tolimba, koma nthawi zambiri ntchito mankhwala ndi chapamimba atony, zotupa, chonsechi matenda a m'matumbo kapena fissures thumbo.

mafotokozedwe

zomera ndi chitsamba. Kuthengo, kawirikawiri amaoneka ngati mtengo yaing'ono. M'madera ena a rhamnaceae banja - Rhamnaceae - amakula mamita asanu ndi awiri mu msinkhu ndi ndi njira zonse nthambi. Kunja, "Wolfberry" kapena zhoster Chimaona, zikuwoneka ngati chomera yokongola kwambiri ndi kufalitsa korona ndi yosalala konsekonse Masamba elliptical. Iwo ali ndithu yowala ndi utoto mumtundu yowala wobiriwira ndipo sikisi eyiti kufanana pang'ono yokhota kumapeto mitsempha lateral.

Dzina generic la zomera amachokera ku frangere Latin, kutanthauza "yopuma." Ichinso likusonyeza ofala a mitundu. Buckthorn olhovidnaya ali nthambi osalimba kwambiri. Malinga anthu ambiri Baibulo, dzina lake, zomera walandira osati kwambiri chifukwa cha matabwa osalimba, koma chifukwa cha alipo mu mphamvu yake zamatsenga zimene zimathandiza kuti "kuwononga" ndi kuziwerenga zoipa. Koma chirichonse chimene iwo amati, chinthu chokha simuyenera kukayikira izo mu mankhwala a makungwa a zitsamba, osati zochepa zosiyana ndi zimene anthu ambiri pakati pa anthu, kokha mankhwala ofewetsa tuvi tolimba kwenikweni. ulusi Buckthorn ndi mokwanira ang'ono ndi yochitidwa-chikasu. Makungwa pa kumtunda kwa thunthu ndipo ngakhale nthambi achinyamata yosalala, pabuka-bulauni. Nthawi zambiri yokutidwa ndi lanceolate lenticels woyera.

maluwa

Alder buckthorn ku mitundu ina - zhostera - khalidwe la kusowa wathunthu wa minga. maluwa ake ang'ono ndi bisexual. Iwo ali olondola, ndipo mitolo zisanu-anasonkhana zidutswa ziwiri sikisi mu axils tsamba. Pamakhala woyera mkati ndi kunja - wobiriwira.

Alder buckthorn, zipatso za omwe mawonekedwe ozungulira, masamba anamasulidwa mu May. Full pachimake pa chitsamba Tingaone m'ma June. zipatso ziri zofiira poyamba, ndiyeno n'kukhala wakuda drupe. kutalika ndi kuti millimeters eyiti. Alder buckthorn ali ndi kukana mkulu chisanu, chilala zosagwira, ndipo bwino analekerera ndi akumeta ubweya kapena akamaumba. Zipatso za mitundu yonse ndi Kruszyn kostyankovidnye yowutsa mudyo zipatso ndi miyala atatu. Nthawi zambiri iwo ndi inedible Komanso ngakhale chakupha.

malo Kusankha

Alder buckthorn, kubzala ndi chisamaliro amene sikutanthauza luso ndi nzeru, amaona undemanding ndithu mbewu. Kotero, molingana ndi wamaluwa, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito kudziko lililonse kulima ake. M'mikhalidwe zachilengedwe, zomera wakonda kukula bwino chatsanulidwa ndi kutetezedwa m'madera pamthunzi ndi dothi lonyowa. Monga alder buckthorn ali bwino anayamba mizu ndi kutalika njira mobisa, kawiri kapena katatu kutalika kwa mbali lapadziko, si zoipa zilimo, ngakhale pa nthaka osauka kwambiri. Komabe, kulima mitundu yokongola kukongoletsa infield pansi pa chikhalidwe ndi bwino kuonetsetsa malo bwino anayatsa kumene chimaposa chinyezi mphamvu komanso nthaka loamy nthaka. Pakuti mitundu yonse ya buckthorn abwino ndale kapena pang'ono zamchere anachita njira nthaka.

Njira kuswana ndi kubzala

Buckthorn olhovidnaya zimafalitsidwa vegetatively - ndi cuttings, layering, kapena suckers mizu. Posachedwapa Komabe, kukhala zochepa wotchuka ndi umuna njira. Kubzala zakuthupi aikidwa mu nthaka m'dzinja. Pamene mbande zingabzalidwe m'chaka komanso.

Asanadzalemo ntchito iliyonse kukonzekera si chofunika kwa kukulitsa nthaka. Dzenje kukula 60h60h60 anakumba pasadakhale kapena mwachindunji pa tsiku lomwelo. Ngati buckthorn olhovidnaya ntchito ngati tchinga malo, m'pofunika kuti akonze ngalande akuya theka mita. Wokonzeka mudzaze dzenje la gawo lapansi manyowa, zimene mchenga ndi sod dziko pa chiŵerengero cha 2: 1: 2. Nthaka acidic ayenera zidzawonjezedwa kwa amodzi mwa dolomite kapena laimu. Mbande obzalidwa pa malo mabowo okonzeka chisanafike limbitsani mizu, ndiyeno kuwaza wosanjikiza nthaka yachonde, limene mokoma tamped. Padziko zomera kuchita kuthirira mabowo, ndi kukondera kwa thunthu, kuti potero zina anachedwa mpweya. nthaka madzi ndi kuphimbira ndi peat kapena manyowa, ndipo nthawizina - lotayirira humus.

chisamaliro

Buckthorn olhovidnaya monga tchire zonse ndi mitengo, nayenso, ayenera kupanga, umoyo ndi kudulira yokongola. Mu nkhani iyi, mtengo makungwa zigawo ayenera nthawi zonse anamasulidwa ku namsongole. Kuchiyambi kwa chilimwe, kumayambiriro June, akale kuphimbira chuma ayenera kukonzedwa mu nthaka ndi kutsanulira pamwamba pa kale latsopano. Kutsirira ikuchitika monga nthaka kupukuta. Pa yopuma muyenera kumasula nthaka.

M'madera lotseguka ndi osatetezeka kwa munda buckthorn pogona bwino kwa nthawi yozizira. Nthawi zambiri, zomera wakula pa chiwembu, malinga ndi ndemanga, n'kosavuta. Mu chisanu pang'ono, yozizira buckthorn ndi ayenera-chivundikiro. Komanso, mbewu akhoza kudula kwambiri, n'kupanga korona, kuti akuchira msanga.

ntchito

Buckthorn olhovidnaya wakonda pamthunzi ndi kutetezedwa mphepo ndi chinyezi mkulu. Chifukwa alipo dongosolo kwambiri mizu akhoza kukula bwinobwino, ngakhale pang'ono pang'onopang'ono, ngakhale pa dothi osaukitsitsa.

Olhovidnaya buckthorn - chomera, nthawi yaitali anadzetsa chikhalidwe. M'minda athu, nthawi zambiri m'zimene gulu kapena kakwamba losanganikirana. Kwambiri anansi abwino mbewu, kuweruza ndi ndemanga, amaonedwa kukhala Oil, viburnum, Sambucus racemosa, ndi mbalame chitumbuwa, rowan ndi conifers otsika. Wa buckthorn wamaluwa amakonda kulenga tchinga, chimene chiri chokongola kwambiri mu nthawi maluwa, ndipo pa fruiting.

Modziwika zikuwoneka chikhalidwe ndi kukonza ndi ofala zomera malo monga hawthorn, birch, paini mtengo wa apulo, thuja ndi mlombwa, komanso ndi conical Canada spruce. Ndi mwangwiro yoti m'madera zokongoletsa ndi anasunga nkhalango zomera kwa ngodya pamthunzi kwa munda kapena khonde.

Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

Buckthorn olhovidnaya - mwachilungamo khola chomera sikawirikawiri anakhudzidwa ndi tizirombo kapena matenda. Wa ngozi zingapo zimene zimakhudza masamba kapena mphukira angatchedwe limonnitsu, komanso mitundu ina ya kafadala. Clearings pamene pali inamera buckthorn, kupanga dzira kumachitika kawirikawiri mu zanthete. Njira kulimbana adaniwo ndi kukopa mbalame insectivorous mu tchire, komanso kuyatsa zisa tizilombo.