Nzeru Aristotle

Aristotle ndi wafilosofi Greek, amene anakhalako m'nyengo zachikhalidwe. mphunzitsi wake ndi Plato. Aristotle - ndi namkungwi Aleksandra Makedonskogo.

nzeru Aristotle ya zovuta ndi wopindulitsa. Katswiri wa nzeru kwambiri anafunsidwa osati mafunso a dongosolo la dziko, komanso munthuyo. A zambiri nthawi Yoswa kuti luso la kulankhula - apamwamba.

Kuyambira ndili ndi zaka seventini woganiza chachikulu ntchito ndi kuphunzira pa Academy of Plato. Plato anali mphunzitsi wake mwachindunji. Pambuyo kukhala pa Academy kwa zaka makumi awiri, anasamukira ku mzinda wa Pelé, kumene adali mwana wasukulu nakhala dzina lake Aleksandr Makedonsky. Komanso, anakhazikitsa sukulu yake, kumene ntchito mpaka imfa yake. sukulu ili ankatchedwa - Lyceum.

Wotchuka ntchito nzeru zapamwamba kuti:

• "Apamwamba";
• "Metaphysics";
• "Policy";
• "Poetics";
• "Organon".

nzeru Aristotle

Iye anasiya ntchito zambiri zimene zathandiza sayansi osati kukhala, komanso kupita pa mlingo wokwererapo. nzeru Aristotle angathe ogaŵikana mitundu itatu:

• ongolankhula - izo amaphunzira vuto aliko ndi muzochitika zosiyanasiyana chimayambitsa mitundu yonse ya zochitika, chiyambi cha zonse;
• othandiza - amafufuza kapangidwe ka boma, komanso zochita za anthu;
• ndakatulo.

Komanso anachira ndipo wachinayi mitundu - nzeru.

nzeru Aristotle amafananadi ndi nzeru za Plato. Kawirikawiri kutsutsa loyamba la mphunzitsi wake. Zimenezi zinali zoona makamaka nkhani pokhala - Aristotle ankatsutsa mfundo oyera, chifukwa ine ndimaganiza kuti zinthu mwachindunji amadalira mkhalidwe wa dziko, komanso maganizo amene zonse ndi wapadera dziko, ndipo ngati kulibe.

Aristotle ananena kuti palibe malingaliro oyera, amene osalumikidwa ndi dziko lakunja, mwina kuli wagawo ndi, makamaka zinthu zina, chinthu konkire - payekha - lilili yekha m'malo makamaka pa nthawi yakutiyakuti.

Kufunsa mafunso zokhudza moyo, nzeru zapamwamba amatenga gulu lake:

• akamanena;
• mtima;
• kuchuluka;
• malo;
• malo;
• nthawi;
• zotsatira;
• boma;
• akuvutika;
• khalidwe.

nzeru Aristotle amapereka zotsatirazi tanthauzo wokhalapo: mudzagwiritse amene ali katundu chimachititsa, zochita, kuvutika, ndi zina zotero.

Onse koma kwenikweni pano ndi chuma cha umunthu - kutanthauza chakuti munthu amatha kudziwa.

nzeru Aristotle imakhudzanso mavuto a zinthu. Kanthu ndi potency kuti okha kwa mawonekedwe a. Poganizira nkhani, nzeru zapamwamba amanena kuti potency ndi mawonekedwe ali zonse pansi, mfundo ndi ndondomeko ya kusintha kuchokera ku zinthu kupanga, ndi mosemphanitsa, ndi kungokhala chete potency chiyambi, koma thupi lithe. Iye anayamba kukhulupirira kuti Mulungu - ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba kwambiri a zinthu zonse. Mulungu pokhala kunja kwa chikhalidwe chilichonse.

moyo ndiye mtumiki wa chikumbu mtima. Kungakhale zomera, nyama, zomveka. moyo Vegetative ndi kungofuna udindo zakudya, kubalana, komanso kukula. Chifukwa moyo wa chinyama tikhoza kumva ndi chilakolako. Moyo zomveka amapanga zonse zambiri, kuzindikira - yekha chimamusiyanitsa munthu ndi nyama zakutchire.

Nzeru za chikhalidwe cha Aristotle limanena kuti anthu ndi nyama mwadongosolo kuti ali kulankhula ndi maganizo, amamuchititsa moyo ndi zatsopano yekha. Kufunika kwa mtundu wawo kuti munthu yemwe iye ali. Man - ndi kukhala chikhalidwe kwambiri. sociality lake wamphamvu wopanda chinenero.

Umatchedwa nzeru ndale za Aristotle. Wafilosofi limatchula asanu mitundu ya limati :

• nkhanza;
• ndi mafumu;
• achifumu;
• oligarchy kwakukulu;
• chigulu ulamuliro;
• polity.

mitundu yonse ya boma iye ogaŵikana "zoipa" ndi "zabwino". Dziwani kuti bwino boma, iye anaganiza kuti anali madzi.