Maks Sheler. Nthanthi Anthropology ya Max Scheler

Maks Sheler anabadwa ndi kukhala mu nyengo ya kusintha mofulumira chikhalidwe mu dziko, amene natenga maonekedwe zisinthe ndi nkhondo. Pa mumtima mwake mukopedwe ziphunzitso za aphunzitsi ambiri German, ndi amene maganizo anakumana monga wophunzira. Anadzatchedwa mogwirizana ndi wake Anthropology nzeru zaumunthu, amene ankaona zaka zomalizira za moyo wake.

Nkhaniyi ili ndi mfundo zokhudza mbiri ya nzeru zapamwamba, moyo wake ndi njira kulenga nzeru zaumunthu Pofunafuna.

mbiri yamoyo ndi maphunziro

Anabadwa German nzeru zapamwamba Maks Sheler August 22, 1874 ku Munich. mayi ake, Sophia, anali priverzhenka Orthodox Chiyuda. Atate, Gottlieb - Mprotestanti.

Mu zaka makumi awiri, achinyamata Max sukulu ya sekondale ndipo anayamba maphunziro ake ena ku mayunivesite osiyana a dziko:

• Kuphunzira mankhwala, maphunziro, zamaganizo ku Munich;
• Chaanthu ndi nzeru za Simmel ndi Dilthey mu Berlin;
• nzeru, Eucken ndi Liebman;
• Pierstofa dziko kusamalila;
• Geography Regel;
• Anali kufotokoza nkhani yolembedwa wake motsogozedwa ndi Aiken;
• ndi kuphunzira ntchito mukadali pasukulu pa yunivesite ya Heidelberg;
• Iye akuyamba ntchito University of Jena.

Mu September 1899 iye chipembedzo, kutenga Chikatolika. Mu 1902 ndi kudziŵa bwino Husserl.

Wafilosofi anaphunzira ku yunivesite osiyana mu dziko. N'chimodzimodzinso ndi ntchito yake. Nthawi zina, iye anaphunzitsa pa yunivesite ya Munich, Göttingen, Cologne, Frankfurt. Iye analimbikitsa kuti pulofesa. Panthawi imeneyi analemba ndi lofalitsidwa zambiri za ntchito ya sayansi.

Anamwalira iye Frankfurt May 19, 1928. Iwo m'manda thupi manda kum'mwera wa Cologne.

moyo

Pa moyo wake, Scheler inali yololedwa anakwatira katatu. Mkazi wake woyamba anali Amelia Ottilia, amene anakwatira mu 1899. M'maukwati awo anabadwa mnyamata Wolfgang mu 1906. Mu zaka khumi ndi zitatu za moyo wake Maks Sheler analekana anakwatira Maria Furtwängler.

Mu 1920, pali msonkhano ndi Maria Khosi, koma mkazi wake wachiwiri iye analekana yekha mu 1923. Chaka chotsatira iye kulembetsa ubwenzi wake ndi mbuye wake, umene ndi sabata pambuyo pa imfa yake, kuti kubala mwana wamwamuna, Maksa Georga. Nayenso kusintha ndipo kusindikiza mndandanda wa ntchito German woganiza pambuyo pa imfa yake.

masiteji kulenga

Akatswiri njira kulenga nzeru zapamwamba, pali masiteji ziwiri zazikulu. Poyamba, Maks Sheler ikufotokoza nkhani zokhudza chikhalidwe, maganizo, chipembedzo. Nthawiyi zinatha mpaka 1922. Panthawiyo iye anali kugwirizana ndi Husserl.

Yachiwiri chinakhalapo mpaka imfa ya sayansi, iye anali wodzipereka kwa kutanthauzira kwa Umulungu monga ntchito ikuyendera, monga kuti apita kukhala pamodzi ndi thambo ndi mbiri ya anthu.

Mafunso amene ali mu pulogalamu nzeru yake zilandiridwenso, angapezeke ndi kufufuza ntchito zake. Iwo amasuliridwe kuchoka ku Germany thandizo Russian mu chiwerengero Chirasha.

mankhwala kiyi

Imodzi mwa ntchito otchuka Scheler ndi kuyankha Heidegger, "The anthu m'malere." , Iye anatsindika kufunika kwa mapangidwe Anthropology nzeru zaumunthu, amene adzakhale sayansi chachikulu umunthu.

Choyamba mutidziwe bwino maganizo awa mu 1927 ku "Sukulu ya Nzeru" kupezeka ndi thandizo la lipoti la "The udindo wapadera wa munthu", umene pambuyo pake udzakhala kutsirizitsa ndi Sinthani dzina.

ntchito, imene ili kumasulira yake ku German mu Russian, wolemba akuona gawo anthu a chilengedwe. Buku ankanena za mapeto a woganiza kulenga.

nthanthi Anthropology

Max Scheler kwambiri nkhawa akamanena za munthu. Adafuna muyankhe funso ili: Munthu ndani? Woganiza anazindikira kuti yankho ndi zovuta, chifukwa munthu kwambiri yotakata ndipo osiyanasiyana kupeza tanthauzo lake.

Maganizo ake chinapangidwa pa nthawi yovutayo zosokonezeka chikhalidwe, pamene dziko anali odabwa za nkhondo wamagazi. Komanso, mtundu German anali ngati palibe ena, ndi kulowerera nkhani zimenezi. Sheler Maks, amene mabuku zimadziwika padziko lonse, anayamba kukonza chiphunzitso amene akhoza kuthetsa ambiri ofunika mavuto dziko. Iye anayesetsa kupeza kuthawa njira anthu ake.

Chinthu chofunika kwambiri pa Anthropology wake anali ndi chiyanjo cha matenda enieni mu dziko lamkati la anthu. Wafilosofi anaganiza za mitundu iwiri ya zikhalidwe zinalili mu Anthropology Western, kusankha ndi lingo la manyazi, osati kupalamula. Pa nthawi yomweyo, iye ankakhulupirira kuti masiku olemera anthu umafuna nsembe yaikulu ya zofuna zachilengedwe anthu. Iye anaitana zodabwitsazi wa intellectualism kwambiri.

Mu maganizo ake, munthu ayenera kumvetsa ndi kudziwa kusatsatira kwawo mu dongosolo la kukhala. Izo ziyenera udindo wake m'dziko lino logwirizana ndi udindo waukulu. Chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri kwa anthu masiku ano, iye anakhulupirira munthu aliyense udindo kuli chitukuko anthu.