Chitata ASSR: mapangidwe ndi mbiri

Kupita ku dera la Tatarstan amakono anayamba bwanji 90,000 zaka zapitazo, ndi mbiri za Chitata fuko ali zaka zoposa khumi. Panthawi imeneyi, ndi Chitata State zinachitika mu magawo angapo a chitukuko: kuchokera ku Volga Bulgaria kuti ambiri akale khanate woimirira wotchuka kwambiri amene anali Zolotaya Orda.

Ndi nthawi ya mapangidwe ano Tatarstan kulemba m'malo ndi runes Turkic kuti Chisililiki. Chitata chiwerengero mkati mwa malire kenako anatuluka Chitata ASSR anali oposa mamiliyoni 1.5 anthu. Anthu amene amakhulupirira kuti Chitata Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic - kudziko kudzakhala zothandiza kudziwa mbiri ya mapangidwe ake ndi chitukuko. Tiyeni tione kale ndi kuona mmene Kugawilidwa kwanthaka wa mayiko inayamba mu Soviet Union.

Pamene Chitata Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic unakhazikitsidwa?

Bolsheviks pa takeover nkhani zikuluzikulu dziko ndi ntchito mbali m'dera polimbana ndi mabungwe dziko la demokalase. Pambuyo pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa mphamvu Soviet ku Kazan mu November 1917, pa kayendetsedwe ka dziko wamng'ono kuonetsa pa chilengedwe cha Republic Chitata.

Mu January 1920, zaka zingapo pambuyo Bolsheviks anayamba kulamulira, ndi Politburo amapereka mapangidwe a Republic Chitata. Patapita kanthawi, Komiti Executive chapakati analengeza lamulo la May 27, 1920, amene anakhazikitsa kudziyimira pawokha latsopano ndi chimatanthauza Kapangidwe ka zida za mphamvu ya boma ku mabwalo m'tsogolo. Kunali koyenera kuti alenge CEC, yemwe ankayenera kuti atenge kusankha kwa akuluakulu kwa Council m'dera ndi Bungwe la Commissars anthu.

Republic Tsiku la Education

Republic Tsiku anali mapangidwe 25 June 1920, pamene wamkulu komiti ya Kazan anavula luso lake utsogoleri anapereka nthawi yawo revkomitetu Chitata ASSR, chimene chinali kukonzekera maziko kulengedwa kwa Constituent Congress la Soviet Union.

Dzina "Chitata Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic" anapangidwa ndi anakonza zikalata zofunikira Patapita zaka ziwiri, pamene kumapeto kwa December 1922 unakhazikitsidwa ndi Soviet Union. Utangoyamba Chitata ASSR wa dera Volga anakhala wa madera ndi kukula kwambiri mofulumira zachuma.

Chikondwerero cha kubadwa kwa Republic Chitata

Chitata Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic unakhazikitsidwa mu zaka zovuta za zodabwitsa kwambiri, ndi kuwasintha tectonic mu kapangidwe ka boma Russian. Kusintha adali ambiri, ndipo maonekedwe a Republic Chitata pa June 25, m'chaka cha 20 cha m'ma chatha anali mmodzi wa iwo.

Madzulo a 18 June, ndi Politburo zapita chikalata osati mapangidwe mabwalo Chitata Soviet, koma kufunika mogwirizana ndi dongosolo zikondwerero chitukuko. Patangotha masiku awiri m'Komiti ya Executive Kazan tabled ndi wovomerezeka chiwembu chifukwa cha zikondwerero, zimene zinaphatikizapo chitukuko cha chipilala kuti woimba wa ulimi wa Chitata anthu Mulanuru Vakhitov ndi Bookmark National Theatre. Njira anali ankakhalanso kwa gulu la perete ndi kufalitsidwa kwa chakudya kwa anthu nakweza.

Potsiriza, pa June 25 otsiriza msonkhano anzake a Bungwe la Kazan ndi matupi a mphamvu chipani ndi ogwira ncthito, imene komiti akuzigawo wapereka udindo kusamalira dera Committee Chiwukirano. Kukonzekera phwandolo sanali pachabe. Kazan ikhale likulu la mabwalo kumene analenga, anali chokongoletsedwa ndipo anali ndi chikondwerero tione. Zinali zosangalatsa - asilikali msonkhano perete, antchito - Loweruka.

Tsiku la Republic analozera mwakachetechete ngati n'kotheka ndi m'madera ena a m'chigawochi. Bugulma zinali zodzaza ndi perete wa asilikali anaika mu mzinda. Mu Chistopol ndi Tetyushi anatsindika kufunika kwa mphindi misonkhano ambiri ndi zitsanzo, amene anapezeka ndi ochuluka a m'tawuni. Mwina mwaufulu, koma amene amadziwa?

Pogwirizana ndi mwambo Soviet, wochokera kuchokera nthawi anthu komiti analandira olandiridwa ndi zoyamikira matelegalamu pa ntchito.

Chitata ASSR: zigawo ndi mizinda

Kukhazikika revkomitetom Commission unachitikira kugawanika Kupititsa ndi kumatanthauza malire a Tatarstan. The zikuchokera Republic anali kwakukulukulu anatsimikiza mogwirizana ndi chigawo cha dziko. Gawo anagwirizana zigawo ndi anthu Chitata, poyamba m'gulu m'zigawo zina. Ntchito muyezo zachuma, TASSR gawo akhoza kugawidwa mu mbali zotsatirazi:

• Predvolzhsky.
• South-East ndi North-East Zakamye.
• Western Trans-Kama dera.
• Western ndi kum'mawa Predkame.
• North-kumadzulo.

Zikamera ndi kukula kwa mafuta, mankhwala ndi mphamvu mafakitale anali zinthu zabwino zachuma, zomwe ndinamverera Chitata ASSR. Republic of wodzaza mzinda. ndondomeko namanga midzi yawo yatsopano ndi midzi unayambitsidwa ku kuwonjezeka mu ntchito kalasi anthu kachulukidwe ndi kukula. Anaonekera ndipo unafalikira mizinda ngati Naberezhnye Chelny, Elabuga, Leninogorsk.

Mayendedwe malamulo a Republic

Chitata ASSR anali udindo boma malamulo a lamulo Ufumuyo wa May 27, 1920. gawo lake boma cha RSFSR analengeza cholinga cha kukhazikitsa kusasiyana pakati pa mayiko onse, komanso limagwirira wa kugawa chuma ndi luso mwa zigawo ku cuma ambiri. Iwo ananena kuti mphamvu adzawonjezeka m'manja mwa ogwira ntchito ndi anthu wamba. Kuyambira zochitika wotsatira, tikudziwa kuti anali okongola, koma chiphiphiritso sanali kumanga chipani mphamvu.

Kapangidwe ka boma m'gulu Council Regional, ndi CEC ndi Bungwe la Commissars anthu. Commissariats Anthu anali kudziyimira pawokha ndithu zinthu ndi imvera Komiti Executive Central. Dera asilikali wakhala kuyang'anira Chitata Commissariat.

mfundo yachilendo malonda kukhala pansi udindo wa nyumba chapakati boma.

Chilengedwe cha boma yoyenda yokha

Kapangidwe boma mphamvu kudziyimira pawokha zinalengedwa malinga ndi malamulo mu USSR. Nthambi ya boma inakhazikitsidwa ku Bungwe la anthu Commissars osankhidwa mu Chitata Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, Komiti Executive Central ndi nambala ya akulu m'deralo.

Maziko a commissariats mphamvu zida anali zokhudza madera onse a kasamalidwe:

• Mkati.
• Financial.
• Zaulimi.
• Chenicheni.
• Health ndi moyo.
• Justice.

Ena mwa anatumiza izi akusoka wa boma, ena kusunga kudziyimira pawokha mu zochita. Atalenga Commissars Anthu a Republic Chitata, bungwe amalamulidwa commissariats mwa dera la chikoka Republic.

Mogwirizana ndi RSFSR

Pa siteji koyamba ubale nyumba pakati pa RSFSR ndi mayiko yoyenda yokha ya boma anayesa bungwe nyumba ankachita hardware kudzera Institute. Pamene Committee Executive chapakati mpaka November 6, 1920 ntchito woimira Tatarstan, amene inathetsedwa ndi ntchito zake ndi mphamvu anayamba kuchita chifaniziro cha Commissariat cha anthu kwa mayiko.

Popeza 1924, bungwe lina anayamba kugwira ntchito yake chifaniziro cha zonse zinalengedwa pa nthawi ya mayiko dziko mu presidium m'Komiti ya Executive Central. Kudzera mwa lamulo pa Tattorgpredstavitelstve anayamba asapita chuma ndi ndalama.

Kuchuluka kwa Tatarstan chifaniziro ntchito si chuma. Kudziyimira pawokha ndi boma kugwirira osiyanasiyana nkhani zokhudza miyeso yamakolo, ndale dziko. Aliyense mu kukayika kulikonse kuti zimene Chitata Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic - ndi Russian, wapanga maulendo angapo zochita. Autonomous Republic of kapadera mu 1938, anatengera kusamvana nambala 2575, kuthetsa chifaniziro cha Tatarstan mu Moscow.

The nawo Republic Chitata mu Great kukonda dziko lako Nkhondo

nkhondo nthawi dziko lonse linali ndi yovuta komanso yotopetsa. Zinali nazonso ndi Chitata ASSR. Pa Great kukonda dziko lako nkhondo ya anthu aamuna anali asonkhanitsidwa kubweza wankhanza. Pa chiyambi cha nkhondo, anthu ambiri makina ulimi unasamutsidwa zofunika a asilikali. Ngakhale zovuta kwambiri ntchito, m'mudzi Tatarstan zinayenda ndi kwa mankhwala kutsogolo.

zomera zambiri Tatarstan lili m'gawo lake poyamba anasamutsidwa ndi kumangidwanso kupanga kwa kupanga zida ndi zida za nkhondo. Engine ndege Chida ndi mabizinesi omwe anapezerapo misa limapanga mankhwala asilikali.

Pa dera la Republic Chitata ntchito 22th zomera, amene anali ngati mlengi mkulu wa mlengi wa Pe-2 Pe-8 Vladimir Petlyakov ndi Maofesi, kulenga Jets.

Tatarstan, kupereka zosowa za kutsogolo, kutulutsa nambala yaikulu mankhwala ntchito asilikali, monga: zipolopolo ndi zipolopolo, sitima oti muli nazo zida ndi maboti ndi zigawo za "Katyusha" ndi njira zolankhulirana.

Tisaiwale za chiwerengero cha anthu othawa kwawowo naye ku madera azikhala ndi kuwononga Soviet Union. Only mu Kazan anthu chinawonjezeka ndi anthu 100,000 panthawi ya nkhondo.