Ndiko kumayambitsa zambiri osati matenda palokha, koma amapezeka ndi maziko a kuyan'anila kale kwambiri chifukwa cha mpweya zachilengedwe a dongosolo anthu kupuma. Ndi aakulu nonspecific m'mapapo mwanga minofu kudwala, zimene chifukwa cha kuthamanga kuchuluka mu bronchioles ndi alveoli a linga ndi overstretched nthawi yaitali, choncho pang'onopang'ono wotaya elasticity ake. Zizindikiro zonse za ndiko kumayambitsa kuwonjezera chinawonjezeka syndrome mpweya. Pa nthawi yomweyo pa X-ray zingaoneke wakuta bronhososudistogo kujambula lithandize angapo, ndi mapindikidwe a chifuwa , ndi kuchotsa chifundamtima. zizindikiro za ndiko kumayambitsa anafotokoza ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kuthamanga pamtima M'mimbamo ndi kuwonjezeka mu buku la minofu cha ziwalo yaikulu ya dongosolo kupuma, kuti wodwalayo ali ndi oumbidwa supraclavicular maenje kupeza barrel- zooneka pachifuwa, kuonekera kufupikitsa khosi ndi mitsempha jugular. M'tsogolo, kusintha kwa deta amagwira ndi matenda a mtima: cha ziwalo ongoyendayenda mpweya njala ndi kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, mtima kukonzanso ntchito kukwaniritsa izi, pali stasis venous, ambiri cyanosis, ndipo kenako anaumba ndi "m'mapapo mwanga mtima".
Ndiko kumayambitsa Ana
siteji choopsa cha matenda ndi zotchedwa bullous ndiko kumayambitsa. Ndi chionongeko mu minofu kufika pamlingo kuti ambiri oyandikana makoma a bronchioles ndi alveoli adzaonongedwa, ndipo "zinaphatikizidwa", n'kupanga thovu ndi awiri a oposa 1 cm - "Ng'ombe". Chinthu ake etiological angakhale aakulu kutupa mu minofu, nchifukwa chake pali lymphostasis m'dera ndi maselo wathanzi mowirikiza poizoni ndi chitetezo. Ana ndi akusowa kobadwa nako wa alpha-1-antitrypsin chothandiza chitetezo ndi elasticity wa Kakhungu alveolar, zizindikiro za ndiko kumayambitsa zimachitika oyambirira, ndipo akamakula matenda akukulirabe. Paroxysmal chifuwa ndi purulent sputum trudnootdelyaemoy, kufupika kwa mpweya (zambiri expiratory mtundu), zolembera yotupa mu magazi, malungo - onse zizindikiro zimenezi mwamsanga kusokoneza dokotala. Choncho, zizindikiro ndiko kumayambitsa mukuyenera kuzindikiritsidwa mu nthawi yaifupi zotheka ndipo mothandizidwa ndi deta ya njira zoimbidwa (spirometry, radiography) zoona thupi (percussion limasonyeza kuchepa m'mapapo ndi bokosi malire phokoso).
Gawo
Pathogenesis pali gulu mu njira ziwiri zikuluzikulu: neobstruktsionnaya ndi obstructive m'mapapo mwanga ndiko kumayambitsa. Zizindikiro zoyambirira amaoneka ngati yankho compensatory ndi kuchotsa mbali ya m'mapapo kapena involution ndondomeko ya ukalamba. The chachiwiri chikugwirizana ndi kuphwanya bronchial patency mu chifuwa kapena mphumu, choncho amafuna chithandizo cha matenda chachikulu. Chifukwa cha ndiko kumayambitsa kwambiri structural kuwonongeka, chithandizo amenable kwa ena okha zizindikiro zake kuchepetsa mmene wodwalayo ndi kulepheretsa chitukuko cha kupuma ndi mtima kulephera.