Chiwindi B HIV - ndichiyani? Kodi kuchiza matenda a chiwindi B?

Chiwindi B HIV - ndichiyani? matenda ndi tizilombo anthroponotic, T. E. Iwo akhoza parasitize tizilomboto okha basi anthu. Chiwindi B HIV ali ndi amphamvu hepatotropic ntchito. Ndi matenda enaake chiwindi Oncology zambiri amakwiya izi tizilomboto makamaka.

Malinga ndi kafukufuku, mu Russia chaka chilichonse zikwi 50 anapezeka milandu chiwindi B ndi otungira aakulu -. Anthu oposa 5 miliyoni. Kuchuluka kwa matenda pa dziko ioneka - pali miliyoni 350 onyamula HIV, amene 250,000 amafa chaka chilichonse zosiyanasiyana pathologies chiwindi.

Chiwindi B HIV: mapangidwe

kuwanda izi matenda ndi chifukwa mtendere zosaneneka za tizilomboto kuti zinthu zosiyanasiyana za mankhwala ndi zotsatira thupi. Chiwindi B HIV kugonjetsedwa ndi zotsatira otsika kutentha, ndipo ngakhale mobwerezabwereza yozizira koopsa ndi thawing si kumupha. Otentha komanso HBV (chikhazikitso mu mabuku) alibe chochita.

Dontho wouma magazi firiji, Kachiromboka kamafa kusungidwa kwa mwezi umodzi kapena kuposerapo, awasungira seramu ouma 25, ndipo atapanga (pa madigiri -20) - zaka 15.

N'chongoletsa (inactivate) zikhoza autoclaved kwa mphindi 30 kapena chosawilitsidwa mu uvuni mpweya wotentha kwa ola pa kutentha osiyanasiyana madigiri 180.

Mitundu ya chiwindi B

Koopsa ndi chiwindi B? Kodi izo ndi kusonyeza matenda? The lotsatirali kuyesa onse a mafunso amenewa lidzayankhidwa.

Chiwindi B ingakhale yopweteka kwambiri kapena yokhalitsa. Pachimake akufotokozera mwachindunji pambuyo matenda ndi mapeto a nthawi makulitsidwe. Iwo ukhoza kwa masabata angapo miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Pankhaniyi, zizindikiro momveka yekha mu theka la milandu:

• ululu pamimba pa lamanja, mu Chipilala costal;
• kunyansidwa ndi kusanza;
• kuwonjezera thupi kutentha (malungo);
• mutu;
• kufooka;
• olowa ululu;
• yellowness wa khungu kapena maso;
• mdima mkodzo (mtundu wa mowa);
• discolored ndowe.

Pachimake (icteric) mawonekedwe a chiwindi B zambiri 80% ya kumapeto ayambe wodwalayo.

Ana ndi zina akulu angakhale asymptomatic mawonekedwe a chiwindi B. m'njira choopsa cha matenda zizindikiro ndi mwachipembedzo. Pakhoza kukhala malaise pang'ono ndi kutopa, kumene odwala nthawi zambiri angatsutse. Pankhaniyi, zambiri pamaso pa chiwindi B HIV magazi chimapezeka kwathunthu mwangozi Mwachitsanzo, pa kuona zachipatala lotsatira. Kuchita zimenezi wofatsa matendawa kawirikawiri aakulu. Infection ndi HIV mwana pa kubadwa kwa odwala mayi pafupipafupi kwambiri itha mawonekedwe aakulu.

Nthawi zina akufotokozera fulminant (khansa) chiwindi - ichi ndi matenda aakulu kwambiri, tingayambe matenda enaake kapena khansa chiwindi.

Kodi inu kachilomboko?

Kufala kwa matenda a chiwindi B angayambe m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Gwero la matenda anthu odwala, kapena - sanali kugwilizana ndi malangizo ena - TV. Lokha chonyamulira cha matenda a chiwindi B ku matenda savutika (popanda zizindikiro), koma pali HIV mu magazi ake.

Ambiri njira kudwala matendawa - mwa magazi. Mwachitsanzo, syringes disposable kudzera masingano pakati pa osuta mankhwala pa ntchito zawo sekondale, kudzera bwino chosawilitsidwa zida misomali kapena tsitsi salons. Matenda ndi laling'ono kwambiri kuchuluka kwa magazi, mmene ndi Antigen ndi chiwindi B. Ngakhale tosaoneka mlingo wofanana 0,00004 ml, angayambitse matenda. Tanena kale kuti HIV ndi wolimba kwambiri, ndipo ngakhale dontho youma magazi firiji ndi anakhalabe kwa pa mwezi.

Komanso, matenda a chiwindi B ndi opatsirana pogonana. Iwo uli wonse zipangizo zonse kwachilengedwenso, kuphatikizapo amene ali umuna.

Ndi mwina, ndi intrauterine matenda a mwana wosabadwayo (kwa mayi akudwala). Koma apa m'pofunika kufotokozera kuti matenda perinatal, T. E. Pamaso pa isanayambike ntchito, ali osowa kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, matenda a mwana kumachitika nthawi yobereka, mwachitsanzo. E. Intrapartum. Pambuyo kuoneka nyenyeswa pa matenda kuwala chotheka kupyolera yoyamwitsa.

Kodi chimachitika pambuyo matenda?

Pambuyo chiwindi B HIV magazi kunali munthu wathanzi, akafika m'magazi a hepatocytes (chiwindi maselo). Zidzachitika kugawanika (kubereka) kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a, izi zimakhudza anthu ambiri a maselo atsopano, ndi zina zigawo DNA tizilombo Integrated mu DNA ya hepatocytes. chitetezo cha m'thupi alibe kuzindikira maselo kusinthidwa amaona iwo kunja. Umayamba umatulutsa mankhwala akupha kuwononga hepatocytes kusinthidwa. Choncho, chiwindi zikadzawonongedwa, imbaenda ndondomeko yotupa ndi chiwindi.

diagnostics

Kwa matenda a matenda koma alipidwa amuzolengedwa kusanthula alt ndi bilirubin, pogwiritsa ntchito zolembera zenizeni za matenda B:

• HBsAg Antigen;
• HBeAG Antigen.

Komanso, yeniyeni matenda ntchito chitetezo kwa antigens izi ndi zenizeni mapuloteni HBcore, umene umachitika pachimake chiwindi B:

• odana HBcore;
• odana HBe.

Izi antigens ndi chitetezo pa nthawi zosiyana za matenda chopezeka magawanidwe ena. Kuphunzira mabuku kumathandiza kudziwa siteji ya HBV, amene amalola kulosera njira zina za matendawa ndi kumanga chithandizo chakudya.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti azitaya matenda?

Kafukufuku amasonyeza kuti matenda ambiri HIV kumachitika pakati pa zaka za zaka 15 mpaka 30. Amene anakhudzidwa ndi matenda monga a chiwindi B? Kodi izo - ife kale bwino, m'nkhani ino tikambirana mfundo ziti zimathandiza kuti matenda. Choncho, ali pangozi:

• Odwala maopaleshoni mano;
• anthu amene ntchito misonkhano ya zozipakapaka ndi tsitsi salons;
• makasitomala kuboola ndi salons mphini;
• osokoneza;
• anthu odwala amene mankhwala kumafuna kuika pafupipafupi magazi kapena kugwiritsa ntchito hemodialysis (zida "yokumba impso") ;
• amuna;
• anthu amene amakonda kusintha ogonana.

Kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda amathandiza katemera motsutsana a chiwindi B. izo zikhoza kuchitidwa mu ofesi ya zipatala aliyense katemera.

Kodi kuchiza matenda a chiwindi B HIV?

Therapy Cholinga pa kuteteza chitukuko cha matenda enaake ndi khansa chiwindi. Izi ikuchitidwa ndi kupondereza HIV kugawanika maselo a chiwindi ndi normalization wa milingo transaminase.

Zochita za mmene tiyenera kuchitira chiwindi B HIV amatenga matenda matenda dokotala. Kuchira - njira yaitali. Kusankha chithandizo kumatengera pa ntchito ya HIV ndi chiopsezo amayamba ndi matenda enaake chiwindi khansa.

Pachimake tizilombo matenda a chiwindi zambiri watsimikiza lokha, akubwera kuchira bwino wodwala. Kupatulapo kwambiri fulminant mawonekedwe a chiwindi B, koma mwamwayi zimachitika kawirikawiri. Njira amalandira ndi pachimake HBV excretion wa poizoni (detoxification) ndi reconstitution wa hepatocytes.

Zochizira antivirals aakulu HBV ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, medicament "Interferon alfa-2a" ntchito 1 nthawi pasabata kwa chaka chimodzi (mlingo wamkulu ndi 180 mg). analogues nucleoside ankagwiritsa ntchito: "Entecavir", "Lamuvidin", "Adefovir". Mankhwalawa kufala kwa HIV maselo a chiwindi ndi kulimbikitsa kuchira awo.

Pakuti mankhwala yokonza ntchito gepatoprotektory ndi immunomodulators, mwachitsanzo, mankhwala "Zadaxin" (jekeseni).

Mankhwalawa chiwindi B HIV kawirikawiri anatuma zakudya chiwerengero 5. Ndi kukana aliwonse, zokometsera, mchere ndi zam'chitini chakudya. mankhwala theka-atha ndipo sausages, nayenso, bwino amachotsedwa chakudya.

Ngati aakulu chiwindi B amachita zinthu kwambiri, ndipo pali chiopsezo kwambiri kukhala ndi matenda enaake kapena chiwindi khansa, mwina anaganiza kuti ndikasendeza limba.

kupewa

Kodi n'zotheka mwanjira kuteteza thupi ku tizilombo toyambitsa matenda monga a chiwindi B HIV? Kodi izo, ife tinapeza. Ndi nthawi yolankhula za kupewa. Iwo agawidwa enieni ndi omwe si yeniyeni. Woyamba ikuchitidwa ndi katemera. Ku matenda ndiotetezedwa anthu okha immunized achire matenda a chiwindi B ndi kapewedwe si yeniyeni kumafuna mndandanda wa miyeso AIDS lonse kuti kuteteza kufala kwa matenda a chiwindi B HIV. Mwachitsanzo, kuvomerezedwa kuyezetsa magazi mwiniwake ndi kukonzekera ake zolembera HBV, chilango cha pulogalamu odana ndi mankhwala, pamapeto banal ukhondo. Tikambirana pansipa. Tsopano, tiona yekha kuti kupewa matenda a chiwindi B n'kofunika kwambiri kulimbana ndi kufala kwa matendawa.

Specific kupewa matenda a chiwindi B

Katemera motsutsana a chiwindi B ndi kuvomerezedwa:

• ana onse a zaka miyezi 0-1-6 (chizolowezi katemera);
• onse a m'banja la odwala ndi aakulu chiwindi B;
• madokotala;
• zachipatala ophunzira;
• anthu ntchito ndi mankhwala magazi;
• odwala mwadongosolo amakakamizidwa pochitika hemodialysis;
• odwala kulandira mankhwala magazi.

Chotero katemera timapanga wamkulu aliyense. Poyamba, izo sizinali m'gulu chiwerengero cha kuvomerezedwa. Kuti katemera, zokwanira ntchito ku chipatala cha chigawo chake. Onse ana ndi akulu kwa zaka 55 angathe kulandira katemera kwaulere. Anthu achikulire akhoza katemera ndalama zawo.

Ndondomeko lilipo tsiku lililonse kwanu. Pambuyo katemera choyamba ayenera kuchita awiri. Mmodzi - mwezi, chachiwiri - miyezi sikisi. Katemera ndi njira yodalirika kuteteza motsutsana a chiwindi B HIV.

Non-zenizeni kupewa matenda a chiwindi B

Pakuti nonspecific kupewa HBV monga mokwanira munthu ukhondo:

• ntchito kokha wamsuwachi wake, zida msomali, lezala, chisa, etc .;
• ngakhale katundu (yemweyo zozipakapaka zanu) ayenera nthawi kupopera mankhwala;
• ntchito disinfectants ogwira;
• makutu adzalasidwa, kuchita zizindikiro ndi kubowola parlors okha anayesedwa ndi mbiri yabwino;
• zakugonana modziteteza, ngakhale 100% chitsimikizo zilibe (malovu, thukuta ndi madzi onse ndi sing'anga deta HIV), kotero muyenera wosachita zachiwerewere;
• ntchito kokha syringes disposable pamene jekeseni.

Tikambirana nanu zomwe sizili ndi kachilombo a chiwindi B. Kodi izo - tsopano zikuonekeratu. Monga matenda ena aliwonse, Nkwapafupi kupewa kuposa te nthawi yaitali mankhwala. Compliance ndi miyezo ya yosavuta kupewa chingatithandize kuteteza motsutsana a chiwindi B. Khalani wathanzi!