Unyolo chakudya dongosolo la ubale chikhalidwe

Zonse zamoyo ndiwo umodzi, dongosolo inakula. Onsewo imvera malamulo ena a chikhalidwe, kuphwanya imbaenda nthawi zina zochitika sizingasinthe. Chakudya unyolo - ndi chitsanzo cha ubale pakati pa zamoyo. Iwo ali dongosolo zovuta, ndi kubweretsa pamodzi oimira mitundu ya nyama ndi zomera.

Magulidwe akatundu ndi mndandanda wa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zamoyo ndi okhudzana ndi "chakudya - ogula". Pa ndondomekoyi, ndi mphamvu ayambe mankhwala organic kwa wosuta Mkwezeni yapita namtsata. Mu njira ina, tinganene kuti chakudya unyolo - ndi kulanda mphamvu kudzera ku nambala inayake ya zamoyo ndi kudya awo wina ndi mzake. Maulalo zimenezi zimatchedwa trophic.

Aliyense unyolo kundipatsako kwa nyama ndi zinthu zina lagawidwa milingo angapo, amene amatchedwa trophic.

Childs, mlingo woyamba tichipeza anthu a dziko zomera, mwachitsanzo zomera zobiriwira, bowa ndi ndere. Otsatidwa ndi nyama kudyetsa chomera chakudya. Yotsatira trophic kuchulutsa mpaka carnivores. Iwo kudya oimira zamiyendo Inayi zomera.

Unyolo chakudya chingakhale cha zigawo zingapo, koma nthawi zambiri kumaphatikizapo kugwirizana 3-4. Izi anatsimikiza chifukwa chakuti ambiri mwa mphamvu zipita kukhala njira ya moyo ndi kukula kwa chamoyo. Choncho, mulingo uliwose motsatizana ndi zosakwana wina m'mbuyomu, ndipo chiwerengero cha ophunzira yafupika. Chiŵerengero apa ndi ichi: za tani zomera chifukwa cha makilogalamu 100 nyama kuti adye iwo. Carnivores mu dera lino udzakhala makilogalamu 10 a zotsalira zazomera, ndi mlingo yotsatira kukhala wolingana 1 kilogalamu mankhwala apanga kwa nkhuni.

Izi imapanga piramidi zachilengedwe. Izo zikusonyeza chiwerengero cha nyama, kapena zotsalira zazomera mphamvu kuti ali unyolo chakudya pa mulingo uliwose.

Mwachibadwa wina ulalo wa mlingo wokwera zikuphatikizapo anthu wokulirapo. Koma pamene zamoyo lalikulu kukhala pang'onopang'ono ndipo kupikisana wina ndi mzake. Dziwani kuti ali adani ochepa, ndipo awonongedwe zochepa kwambiri. The choletsa waukulu chitukuko ndi zochepa chakudya ndi madera zochepa.

M'munsi mitundu ya zinthu za unyolo chakudya sakhala ochepa zakudya, koma imvera chiwonongeko ndithu.

Malinga zikuchokera zawo kusiyanitsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya unyolo chakudya.

1. Mabusa unyolo ndi mndandanda limasonyeza kuti kuyambira zomera. Zimapezeka makamaka mu malo nyanja ndi zimadalirana dziko. Mwachitsanzo, zomera kuyamwa mphamvu ya dzuwa ndipo ndi gwero chakudya tizilombo (gulugufe zimatenga timadzi tokoma). Poyankha, atombolombo wakudya agulugufe, ndipo iye ndi chakudya cha chule lapansi. Pakuti chule ndi kwenikweni chiopsezo, chimene chikhoza kukhala anthu a chilombo china. Izi - chitsanzo cha kayendedwe ka nkhani organic mwa unyolo chakudya.

2. detrital magulidwe akatundu ndi unyolo kuwonongeka. Imayamba ndi mankhwala kuwonongeka kwa zomera ndi nyama. madera awa ambiri akuimira mu amatunga, nyanja ndi nyanja. Choncho, ambiri okhala ndi ntchito zamoyo chakudya akufa ndi zonyansa zawo kapena atsekerezedwa kunja mankhwala kuwola (masamba m'mitengo m'mphepete mwa nyanja).

3. Parasitic dera wapangidwa ndi zamoyo chifukwa majeremusi amene moyo m'nthawi ya dongosolo, ndi zina zotero. D.

njira zonse zachilengedwe ndi inakula. Kuphwanya mu unyolo chakudya zimabweretsa chisokonezo topezeka lonse. Chamoyo chilichonse wamoyo uli kagawo kakang'ono chake pa maubwenzi amenewa. Iwo sadalira munthu aliyense payekha kapena kukula.