Tricuspid vavu: kufotokoza, kapangidwe, ntchito ndi zilema anapeza

Anthu, valavu tricuspid chofunika kuti usawonongeke, pofuna kupewa magazi m'mbuyo kuyenda. Anaika pa mzere kulekana kwa atrium bwino ndi ventricle kake. kapangidwe vavu wapangidwa ndi mbale kulumikiza. Kulakwila ntchito yake ndi ngozi moyo wa munthu.

kapangidwe

Tricuspid valavu, malinga ndi mabuku ambiri a sayansi, amatchedwanso tricuspid. Pamene lamulo la mtima, njira zonse zimachitika nthawi imodzi. Ngati blockage amapezeka m'madipatimenti nthawi zonyozeka, kamodzi thupi amamva kwambiri kusintha boma. Ukupeza chatsika kamodzi, yolimba kupuma ndi kosatheka kwa kusuntha.

Tricuspid valavu ndi kumanzere kwa sternum lapansi. Iyi ndi mbali ya chitetezo cha ikukoka kutulutsa magazi. Ndi mtundu wa kapu kuti akutsegula pansi kuthamanga magazi ejected. Kutseka chifukwa Reflux wa asilikali madzimadzi basi chifukwa kuthamanga pamwamba pa masamba.

Tsankho kutsekedwa kwa vavu tricuspid kumachitika chifukwa zosangalatsa a minofu mtima pamene sanathenso liziyenda bwino. Chifukwa chophwanya wa kusokonekera cha mavuto mkati zimasiya kugwira minofu, chifukwa mu mapangidwe matenda a mtima agonjetsa. Ena matenda ndi instigators wa kudwala zimenezi.

ntchito thupi

Tricuspid valavu ndi mbali ya dongosolo anthu magazi. A yaikulu ya magazi ochokera mtima mu anapezazo ndi msempha, kudutsa mitsempha onse ndi capillaries, izo amalankhulira ndi maselo ndi mpweya ndipo amalandira mpweya. Ndi machulukitsidwe izi zimachitika mankhwala kuvunda kwa mchere kukonzedwa ndi micronutrient amakhala mdima. magazi awa akutchedwa venous.

Kenako pali kusokonekera m'dera lamanja la mtima, kayendedwe zina amapezeka mu mitsempha onse a m'mapapo kwa patsogolo oxygen. Tricuspid vavu ali Kuthekera koposa wina wa n'zosiyana Letsani panopa. M'pofunika kulekana kwa ntchito pamodzi: kumanzere, ventricles chabwino ndi atria.

Magazi chimadzaza anachoka m'dera la mtima, ndiye kuchokera atrium wasefukira mu ventricle lapansi. Pambuyo kuti pali makope kufalitsidwa. MBABWERERA magazi deoxygenated mu atrium Chabwino, ndiye mu ventricle lamanja, ndi uchoka mu makope m'mapapo mwanga. Pambuyo oxygenation bwalo lalikulu mkombero akubwerezedwa kachiwiri kudzera atrium kumanzere ndi ventricle.

ntchito vavu

Kuyambira kumanzere ndipo lamanja la mtima ndi maloboti, nthawi chofunika kuti asalalikire n'zosiyana panopa pakati m'madipatimenti a. Magazi ikukoka mkombero kumachitika: pali yoikika wa madzimadzi mu ventricle ndi, kenakonso ejection mphamvu magazi mu msempha. Dongosolo vavu amapereka ntchito lolondola:

• M'dera kumanzere kwa mtima amatchedwa mitral.
• Triskupidalny.
• Valavu mu mtsempha wamagazi ndi m'mapapo mwanga.
• Kung'ambika monga lama fuyusi waukulu dongosolo.

Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito mtima regurgitation, kusonyeza chodabwitsa cha magazi motsogozedwa n'zosiyana kudzera vavu. Popewa izi, blockers kutchulidwa nthawi kukwaniritsa malamulo otsatirawa:

• Mitral valavu ndi lotseguka yekha pa nthawi ya ikukoka magazi kuchokera atrium kumanzere mu ventricle chogwirizana. Atseka pamene anamasulidwa anapeza madzi mu msempha. Valavu Kapangidwe ka kutseka kuti uchiwo usatuluke pano awiri.
• Tricuspid kung'ambika vavu atseka ndimeyi pakati pa atrium bwino ndi ventricle kake. Jobs ofanana mitral. Kapangidwe ali timapepala ta atatu.
• M'mapapo mwanga anafotokoza kuti dera la pakati pa thunthu m'mapapo mwanga ndi ventricle bwino. Ali kuthetsa alipo panopa mu nthawi yosangalala a minofu mtima.
• Kung'ambika ili mu kubwereketsa njira ya ventricle kumanzere. Watseka ndi backflow magazi msempha nthawi yosangalala a minofu mtima. Amakhala cusps atatu semilunar.

Chitukuko cha matenda a mtima

Tricuspid vavu zikubweretsa mapangidwe regurgitation magazi kapena kuthetsa otaya njira yake ku atrium kuti ventricle lapansi. Izi zimachitika pa nthawi ya systole (lamanja ventricle zokolola). Kulekerera lamba wa pamimba sag pansi kuthamanga magazi.

Chotero boma akhoza kupangidwa ndi blockage mawotchi kwa msempha. Odwala zambiri tikhale matenda pamoyo wawo. Koma pali zitsanzo za olumala mtima.

pathologies

Kulakwila valavu chifukwa cha zifukwa zotsatirazi:

• Kupanda micronutrients mu thupi, limene kachulukidwe ndi elasticity wa zimakhala n'kupanga wa mbale valavu.
• zinchito kusokonezeka kwa vavu tricuspid kumachitika chifukwa cholephera mbali oyandikana nawo za mtima.

Chifukwa stagnation magazi m'thupi ndi chosakwanira kutsekedwa kwa vavu tricuspid mtima. Zimenezi zingachititse munthu mudziko kudwala. Hypertrophic matenda khoma anapanga ndi dilation (kuwonjezeka) ndi ventricle bwino. Choncho anapanga njira patsogolo mu mitsempha ndi mitsempha.

Kudwala angathe kuonedwa ndi zomverera mkati ndi kutupa kwa mitsempha khosi pa nthawi ya ejection magazi kuchokera mumtima. Venous kuthamanga nthawi kuchuluka. Chiwindi ndi kwambiri.

Zimayambitsa ndi zizindikiro

Pakati zimayambitsa anakhazikitsa ya chifooke valavu tricuspid ndi zotsatirazi:

• Carcinoid syndrome.
• Zotsatira za chitukuko cha matenda enaake ophwanya m'thupi.
• Endocarditis chiyambi opatsirana.
• kuwonongeka makina kapena chotupa cha papillary minofu poyambira.
• Chifukwa cha zochita za myocarditis.
• Pambuyo cardiomyopathy.
• Chifukwa limati waukulu thyrotoxicosis.

zinthu kobadwa nako amayambira limodzi ndi kuvutika ena mu dongosolo la mtima. Tricuspid vavu stenosis kungayambitse Anabweza m'chifuwa, adokotala detects ndi palpation. kwambiri phokoso pa systole (ejection magazi ventricle a) tione pamene kumvetsera heartbeats.

Komabe, phokoso angathe kuonedwa Koma ngati kulephera pachimake. zizindikiro zochepa aakulu nthawi zambiri sizikugwiridwa. Pakuti matenda zolondola chofunika phunziro lothandiza kwambiri pa zipangizo.

njira matenda

Pamene matenda n'kofunika systolic kudandaula pa inhalation. Izi zimaonetsa valavu tricuspid. Komabe, onani kuti zodabwitsazi si nthawi zonse ndipo mwina nthawi zina kutha kwathunthu. Kuti atsimikizire kuyambirira matenda imachitika electrocardiogram.

Pa Zithunzi chifukwa ndi kudwala anati:

• chabwino magetsi olamulira kupatuka;
• kukula kukula kwa dzino P (lachiwiri ndi lachitatu pachifuwa amatsogolera).

Komanso, X-ray angagwiritsidwe ntchito. The chithunzi limasonyeza yamitsempha yamagazi dilatation kapena atrium. Zolakwika kuonekera pa zithunzi echocardiography anatipatsa nthenda zoyenda makoma mtima. Mu kusanthula alili, zotsatirazi:

• Mtundu wa phokoso, ndi kuchuluka kwa mawonetseredwe ake.
• Kutalika kwa mtima, nthawi zambiri kuchuluka.
• Pamaso pa stagnation mabwalo kufalitsa.
• Ukulu wa kuthamanga venous.
• Makulidwe a chiwindi.
• Mayendedwe a chifuwa.
• Kumanja matenda a kuthamanga.

matenda thupi

Kuchepetsa wa valavu kutsegula amatchedwa stenosis. chodabwitsa Izi zimachitika mchikakamizo cha matenda enaake ophwanya m'thupi, kobadwa nako malformations, komanso yaitali zotsatira makina. Chifukwa, matenda ndi ponso kuthamanga pa khoma mtima. Kumawonjezera atrium. Yambani stagnation mu m'thupi.

Zochizira milandu wofatsa matenda azichita zinthu zodzitetezera. Popeza kusalekerera chachiwiri kale analimbikitsa opaleshoni. vavu amaliona ndi scalpel ndi, chifukwa kaŵirikaŵiri chofunika ulusi mbale kapena kusiya m'malo zitatu awiri okha. Malinga ndi kafukufuku, anthu pafupifupi 14% ya odwala sapulumuka pambuyo ntchito.

Koma ngakhale pambuyo chithandizo bwino, wodwalayo kale kupeza chilema. Ndi chofunika kupewa thukuta, thupi ndi chokuchititsani anayendera nthawi pofuna kupewa kupitilira zina za matendawa.