Streletsky kupanduka (1682): zimayambitsa, zotsatira

Mu 1682, oponya mivi Moscow akhala ankachitika chipolowe, chifukwa mphamvu Sophia A. - mlongo wamkulu wa achinyamata akalonga Ivan ndi Peter. kupanduka Izi zinali zodzaza ndi kupha ambiri boyars ndi akuluakulu.

prerequisites

Wotchuka strelets kupanduka mu 1682 zinachitika pa zifukwa zingapo. Atatsala pang'ono kuti analengedwa m'masitolo dongosolo latsopano, limene kwambiri anasintha malamulo a asilikali. Pamaso oponya mivi anali msana wa asilikali, mayunitsi ake osankhika. Mkubwela kwa regiments a dongosolo latsopano iwo kwenikweni inasanduka kusamala mzinda.

Komanso, basi isanafike kugalukira streltsi malipiro anapatsa osasamba chifukwa ndi chuma chopanda. Panali mu stratum ichi ndi hazing zimene atsogoleri anali malipilo a atumiki ndi nkhanza munjira ina iliyonse ndi chao. Zonsezi analenga mavuto. M'kupita kwanthawi anali kuwasandutsa Zionetsero lotseguka. Zonse zofunika ichi - ina kunja. Ndipo iye anamupeza.

wolowa vuto

April 27, 1682, anafa ali aang'ono mfumu Theodore A .. imfa yake zinachititsa kuti chisokonezo dynastic. Pa womwalirayo analibe ana. Wachifumu likhale m'modzi wa abale wace wangono - ana a Alexei Mikhailovich. Ivan ndi Petro anali ndi mwana. Miyambo wachifumu amayenera kupeza woyamba. Komabe, Ivan mwana wodwala, ndipo boma la Russia ankakhulupirira kuti adzafa oyambirira. Komanso, abale a bambo ake anali amayi osiyana, kenako ataima Ankhondo chikumenyana magulu. Pano pa izi maziko zosokoneza ndale ndipo anatenga chipolowe strelets 1682.

Mayi wa Ivan sikisitini anali Maria Miloslavskaya - nthumwi ya banja mkulu wobadwa ndi amphamvu. Iye anafa pamaso pa mwamuna wake, kotero panali amalume ndi achibale ena kumbuyo mwana. Zaka khumi Peter ndi mwana wa Natalia Naryshkin. Streletsky kupanduka 1682 chinali chifukwa cha nkhondo pakati pa mabanja awiri posankha mfumu yatsopano.

Tsarevich Petr

Monga mwa chilamulo, wolowa linayenera Boyar Duma. Iye linasonkhana kale kudwala Theodore A. anali kukonzekera kuti tiwonana moyo. Olemekezeka anasankha Peter. mnyamata uyu anali thanzi la m'bale wawo, kutanthauza kuti gulu lake kuti sanaope tsogolo lawo likhoza wina chosakhalitsa kusintha.

khalidwe lina kiyi munkhaniyi anali mlongo wamkulu wa Ivan ndi Peter Sophie Alekseevna. Zinali iye amene anayambitsa kupanduka musketeers. Mfumukazi anali 25 TH chaka, iye anali wamkulu ndi zokhumba chachikulu. Sophia ankafuna kukoka bulangeti mphamvu za iye yekha. Kupanga izo iye anali kupita, choyamba, kudzera kusakhutira ndi malo oponya mivi awo, ndipo kachiwiri, chifukwa thandizo la ovutika Duma Miloslavskys. Mfumukazi komanso anadalira pa akalonga amphamvu Ivana Hovanskogo ndi Vasily Golitsyn. akulu awa anali wokondwa konse kukwezedwa Naryshkins otsika-anabadwa.

Chipwirikiti ku Moscow

Posachedwapa pambuyo chisankho cha Boyar Duma pa chisankho m'malo mwa Moscow anayamba kufalitsa mphekesera za siudzalandilidwa ngathi lamulo adziwitse a oponya mivi ndi. Kukambirana imayendetsedwa ndi maukonde lonse la mbali Miloslavskys. Streletsky kupanduka 1682 chifukwa mabodzawo chachikulu asilikali. Milandu ya kusamvera akuluakulu okha.

masabata awiri likulu zinali yomangika kwambiri ndi chosadziwika. Potsiriza, pa May 15, pafupifupi Sophia anayamba kuchita zinthu mwanzeru kwambiri. Ivan Miloslavsky ndi Peter Tolstoy anapita Musketeers District ndi apo oponya mivi poyera anayamba kufuulira boma la Russia, akuti chifukwa chakuti Naryshkin kupha khanda Tsarevich Ivan. A gulu la anthu onyamula zida kwenikweni anapita ku zipinda za mfumu. Kumeneko, iye anapempha kuti boyars amene ankatsutsa Sophia ndi Miloslavskys ndi amene ali ndi udindo imfa ya mwana.

Disaffected anakumana ndi Mfumukazi Natalia Naryshkin. Kuphunzira chifukwa cha kusagwirizana, zawachititsa kuti khonde la nyumba ya Ivan ndi Peter, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti ana ndi chabwino. The zifukwa kwa musketeers chipolowe inkakhala ku mphekesera zomwe sizinachitike anatsimikizira. Choncho kanthu wosaloleka akhoza kale kuchitiridwa ngati woukira boma mkulu.

Yambani mwazi

Vutolo boma la Russia anafika kuwira mfundo. khamu anali omwazika, pamene pa khonde chomwecho resurfaced Naryshkins wochirikiza Boyar Mikhail Dolgorukov. fuko lomveka Izi anafuula musketeers ndi kuwadzudzula mlandu woukira boma ndipo anamuopseza mwadzidzidzi imfa. Pa nthawi imeneyi mwakwiya amuna onyamula zida anapeza wina adzachotsa mkwiyo wake. Dolgorukova ataponyedwa khonde bwino pa mikondo wa asilikali atayima pansi. Choncho magazi woyamba unakhetsedwa.

Tsopano panali poti abwerere. Choncho, zochitika chipolowe musketeers zinasintha, ndipo ngakhale okonza ankaimbidwa zipolowe kufalitsa nkhani zabodza kuti asiya kulamulira zinthu. Opanduka anachita ndi Naryshkins zina pafupifupi, kuphatikizapo mtsogoleri wa chipani chawo Artamonov Matveev. M'nyumba ya Mfumukazi asilikali anavutika m'bale wake Athanasius. Kuphana kusogolo kufikira kumaulo. Oponya mivi anatenga ulamuliro wa boma la Russia. The zolowetsa ndi zotuluka mwa zachifumu ndi zipinda inkatetezedwa ndi opandukawo. Ndipotu, banja lachifumu anakhala Anagwiranso.

Kupondereza ndi Naryshkins

strelets Choyamba kupanduka zinachititsa kuti chisokonezo angwiro mu mzinda. Mphamvu ziwalo. Opandukawo ndi changu wapadera anafuna m'bale wina wa Mfumukazi - Ivan Naryshkin. Pa tsiku la mwazi, iye anabisala m'nyumba yachifumu, motero anapulumuka. Komabe, tsiku kenako oponya mivi anapitiriza kuti boma la Russia ndi inalamula kuti amasulidwe Ivana Kirillovicha. Apo ayi, anamulonjeza kuti kukonza chisokonezo kwambiri.

Natal Naryshkin mantha. Sophia Alekseevna panokha kukakamizidwa ake ndipo anayamba kufotokozera kuti njira yokhayo kupewa chisokonezo zina. Ivan unayambitsidwa. Iye anazunzidwa ndipo kenako kuphedwa. Atate Ivan ndi Natalia - akale ndi odwala Cyril Naryshkin - anatumizidwa ansembe a.

Malipiro a musketeers malipiro

Chiwawa Moscow unatenga masiku atatu. Mmodzi wa akuvutika lalikulu otsiriza mantha anakhala maziko Ganden - dokotala yachilendo, kukopeka Fedor Alekseevich. Sagittarians kuti adamnenera Iye chiphe mfumu ndi kuphedwa. aphedwe zinachitika ngakhale mapemphero a mkazi wamasiye wa womwalirayo asakhudze dokotala. Tsarina Marfa anasonyeza kuti mlendo panokha anayesa mankhwala onse akatulutsidwa Fedor. Chitsanzo chimenechi chikusonyeza mmene waukali ndi wakhungu anali strelets kupanduka. Sophia nthawi yomweyo anachita zonse kuti apeze kufalikira mphamvu.

Komabe, pamaso pa zigawenga ndi boma anayamba kukambirana za tsogolo la ndale za dziko, opanduka May 19 anafika zazing'ono mfumu kuti musankhepo. The oponya mivi ndi adamfunsa malipiro malipilo onse anachedwa. Malinga kuwerengetsera awo, chuma alipire 240 zikwi rubles. M'masiku amenewo anali ndalama m'patali. Boma la ndalama basi akhali penepo tayu. Kenako kanthu anatenga Sophia, amene ali yokhala komabe alibe ulamuliro uliwonse, analamula kuonjezera misonkho levies mu chigawo ndi kuyamba kusungunuka mfundo Kremlin.

awiri kalonga

Posakhalitsa anapeza zinthu zatsopano, zomwe zinachititsa strelets kupanduka. Mwachidule ganizilani zinthu, Sophia anaganiza ndi oponya mivi kukakamiza okha mphamvu zenizeni. Zimangooneka motere. Mwina 23 achiwawa akuwotcha kuti mlanduwu Pempho m'dzina la Peter, amene analimbikira kuti mfumu yachiwiri anali m'bale wake Ivan. Patapita mlungu umodzi, kuphatikiza wakhala anapitiriza. Sagittarians ndi nsembe kuti Sophia Alekseevnu regent chifukwa ubwana co-olamulira.

Boyar Duma ndi akumatauni anavomera kusintha. Chisankho iwo analibe, monga mmene anthu boma la Russia anapitiriza kuonedwa akapolo asilikali. Ukwati Ivan V ndi Peter Ine pa June 25 pa Akukwera Cathedral. Iye anafotokoza zotsatira za musketeers chipolowe - mphamvu linasintha mu dziko. M'malo mwake, adzakonze Russian Prince Peter awiri co-olamulira ana. Mphamvu zenizeni zinali mu manja a mlongo wawoyo Sophia Alekseevna.

Khovanshchina

Events pambuyo musketeers chipolowe 1682 nthawi zina mwakwiya Moscow. Pamene Sophia anayamba kulamulira, izo wasankha mutu wa mapangidwe asilikali Ivana Hovanskogo. Mfumukazi anali akudalira atithandize kuletsa oponya mivi. Mfumukazi ankaopa kuti tsoka lake. Sanafune kukhala kapolo wa Satana.

Komabe Khovanskii chithunzi sanali kusankha bwino udindo wofunika umenewu. Prince osati lonyozeka kwa musketeers mu zofuna zawo, koma iye anali kukakamiza Sofia. Komanso, asilikali sanasiye boma la Russia kufotokoza kanthu chosowa chake kuteteza nyumba yachifumu. Izi yochepa Anthu ambiri anakumbukira monga "Khovanshchina".

Old Okhulupirira chisangalalo

Pakali pano, pali chinthu chinanso chatsopano mu chitsutso kwa musketeers ndi boma. Iwo anakhala okhulupirira. Izi lachipembedzo unagawanika ku tchalitchi cha Russian Orthodox mu ulamuliro wa Alexei Mikhailovich. mkangano chifukwa cha kusintha kwa mabishopu, Nikon, zokhudza akamanena za miyambo zofunika Mkhristu. Mpingo anazindikira schismatics ndi ampatuko kuwagwiritsa kumalire a dzikoli Siberia.

Tsopano kuti chipwirikiti zinachitika mu Moscow, Old Okhulupirira anasamukira kachiwiri ku likulu la dziko. Iwo anasankha thandizo la Khovanskii. Mu boma la Russia, anayamba kuteteza lingaliro za kufunikira kwa mkangano zamulungu pakati pa mbali ya okhulupirira Old ndi mpingo ndi boma. Chotero mtsutso anthu kwenikweni zinachitika. Komabe, mwambo umenewu inatha zachiwawa zonse. Tsopano gwero la zipolowe anakhala wamba.

Inali pa nthawi imeneyi, panali kusamvana pakati pa Sofya ndi Khovanskii. Mfumukazi anaumirira kufunika kulamulira mu Okhulupirira Old. Pomaliza, ena a atsogoleri awo aphedwa, ngakhale Khovanskiy kungakupatseni iwo chitetezo chokwanira. Oopa chokana kuboma, oponya mivi agwirizana kuzindikira instigators schismatic kwa kupanduka lotsatira.

Kupita pabwalo

Zitachitika ndi asapita Old Okhulupirira pakati Sofia ndi Ivan Alekseevnoj Khovanskii potsiriza sakuyenda. Pa nthawi yomweyo akuluakulu kupitiriza mu mkhalidwe kudalira a oponya mivi ndi. Ndiye regent anasonkhana pabwalo lonse kwenikweni anathamangira naye kunja kwa mzinda. Izo zinachitika pa 19 August.

Pa tsiku limenelo, mu mzinda wa Moscow anakonza kumanda. Sofia ntchito chonamizira izi kuti mupewe oponya mivi kuchigawo chimenechi. Chifukwa chakuti panapita ndi tsarevitches. Wolamulira akhoza lachiweruzo ndi asilikali mfulu, amene adzakhala asilikali amatetezadi mphamvu ya oponya mivi sanali okhazikika. Bwalo mobisa anasamukira bwino zokhalamo Woyera Utatu obisika.

Sagittarians zagona pansi zida

Kodi mogwirizana ndi mphamvu mchitidwe kubwera strelets latsopano kupanduka? Zimayambitsa ndi zotsatira za mwazi woyamba ndikukumbukira bwino Sofia, anaganiza kuti amuchotsepo kuopseza izi. Iye anakhulupirira kuti kuthekera chiyani kulibe, ndipo anafuna kuti asiye pasadakhale ake.

Khovanskiy kuphunzira za ndege lenileni la regent ndi akalonga ndinaganiza amapita Sophia kuti mwa zokambirana kuthetsa mkangano. Momwe iye anaima Pushkin, kumene anagwidwa ndi akuluakulu atumiki okhulupirika. Usiku womwewo, 17 September, anaphedwa pa milandu ya bungwe kulanda boma. Khovanshchina inatha.

mwazi chachiwiri chinachitika. Sagittarians kuphunzira za imfa yochititsa manyazi mtsogoleri wawo, anali nkhongono. Iwo linagonja ndipo chitakonzedwa boma la Russia. M'malo mwa Chief Strelets asilikali anaikidwa kalaliki wa bungwe Fedor Shaklovity. Iye anayamba recreating m'madera a mwambo ndi dongosolo. Patatha zaka 16 oponya mivi anagalukira kachiwiri, kale nthawi ya ulamuliro wa Peter Ine, kenako iwo anali kwathunthu anazunzidwa ndi makamu awo inasokonekera.