Zoweta ndi mfundo yachilendo Yaroslava Mudrogo. Policy Yaroslava Mudrogo mpingo

Yaroslav Mudry - Prince wa Kiev, amene analamulira 1019-1054 biennium. Komanso lili pa nambala mkulu wa Rostov ndi minda Novgorod. Iye anali mmodzi wa ana Vladimira Velikogo anabatizidwa Lazaro. Mayi Jaroslav - kalonga wa Polotsk Rogneda Rogvolodovna.

Prince Wambiri

Anabadwa tsogolo wolamulira pafupifupi 980. Pa ubatizo iye anapatsidwa dzina George. Anakhala mkazi wa Prince Olav Ingigerda - wamkazi wa mfumu ya Sweden. Pambuyo pa Nkhondo ya yolimba mkati ndi yachilendo ndondomeko Yaroslava Mudrogo anali umalimbana kuwonjezeka kutchuka kwa Chikhristu pakati pa anthu. Choncho iye anapitiriza ntchito bambo ake.

Wanzeru dzina lakuti iye ali zokhudza wake malamulo ndi maphunziro. Monga mwana, pang'ono limp Jaroslav kuyambira mwendo anabadwa pang'ono wamfupi kusiyana ndi ena. Chifukwa ziwalo thupi la atate sanatenge mnyamata naye kusaka.

Kuti mwanjira kuchereza okha, Jaroslav anatonthozedwa kuwerenga mabuku. Chifukwa cha ichi, iye anakhala munthu woyamba ophunzira munthu wodziŵa kuwerenga ndi kulemba. Mukhoza kupezeka makedzana zokhudza kalonga, kumene icho chinali kutchedwa "Chrome". Komabe, ngati iwo anamutcha si Asilavo wa Kiev, ndi adani.

Zoweta ndi mfundo yachilendo Yaroslava Mudrogo wolemekezeka mtima mwanzeru ndi kupita anthu Russian. N'chifukwa chake pa nthawi kulimbitsa kuyenerera akuti: "Opunduka ali wanzeru."

Nthawi yoyamba ya Yaroslav moyo anali kulimbana Kiev. Pamene atakula, Vladimir Svyatoslavich anamuika kalonga wa Rostov. Atamwalira mwadzidzidzi Yaroslav Mudry Vysheslav anakhala wolamulira wa Novgorod.

Pamene Vladimir Veliky anafa, panabuka mkangano ufumu Kiev pakati pa ana ake. Chochitika nkhondo yapachiweniweni amafotokozedwa "nthano ya makedzana Zaka". Kiev anagwidwa ndi Svyatopolk Ine wotembereredwa, amene anali mkulu wa Turov. Iye, ndi cholinga chofuna kuchotsa mpikisano onse, amapha m'bale Yaroslava Mudrogo. Ndipo ine ndikuyenera kuti otsiriza, koma mkulu wa Kiev wachenjeza za kuopsa mlongo wake Predslava.

mfundo zoweta

Kumayambiriro kwa ulamuliro wake, kalonga kuika kwambiri khama patsogolo kulemba anthu. Sukulu ya anyamata anakhazikitsidwa mu Novgorod, imene ana analangizidwa kuti ntchito mpingo.

Anaugula folios, ndipo ansembe anali anasamutsidwa. Posachedwa mabuku awa anatumikira mabuku kwa anthu Asilavo. Pa yomanga a mbiri anapeza mipukutu imene ana munaphunzitsidwa kalembedwe.

mfundo zoweta Yaroslava Mudrogo Mwachidule, anali umalimbana mapulani a m'tawuni. Likulu la Kievan Yairo mu kukongola, tinganene kuti odana Constantinople.

Polemekeza chigonjetso yaitali pa wongosamukasamuka mu 1037 inamangidwa wotchuka St. Sophia Cathedral. Choncho, Kyiv anatuluka pa mlingo ofanana ndi Ufumu wa Byzantine, kumene kunalinso mipingo ndi dzina ili. No aang'ono zazing'ono anamangidwa ku St. George, Pskov ndiponso mizinda ina Russian. Monga Yaroslav anzeru anali anakhazikitsa mizinda ngati Yaroslavl (wina ali mu Poland, winayo - pa Volga).

Kunja mfundo kalonga

Wolamulira wa Kievan Lazaro makamaka nkhawa chitetezo kwa anthu a boma, chifukwa ukulu loyandikana ndi kuyesetsa kupambana gawo lalikulu. Choncho, malamulo zoweta ndi achilendo Yaroslava Mudrogo anali kulimbikitsa chitetezo, koma osati ndi kumanga nyumba makoma kuzungulira dziko, ndi sanali mokwiya ke, kokayenda ndi ziphuphu.

Prince komanso anasamala ulamuliro boma m'bwalo lonse. Choyamba Yaroslav Mstislav anapanga ulendo wopita ku Poland, imene n'kuyambiranso mzinda Cherven. Kenako, anali ndi chidwi limati Baltic, kumene anakakhala fuko la Chud. Apa, mu 1030 kalonga anakhazikitsidwa mzinda wa St. George, tsopano umatchedwa Tartu.

Mwa kupanga asilikali umodzi wa Novgorod, Kiev squads ndi Scandinavia ganyu, iye anachita ndi yopweteka kwambiri kwa Pechenegs. yokopa oterewa ikuchitika komanso pa Lithuania Yatvingians, Mazovia ndipo, ndithudi, Byzantium. Onse makampeni a pamwamba anapambana, kupatula otsiriza. Ambiri mwina, chifukwa ntchito imeneyi ankapita ndi mwana wa Ngwanzeru zakuya.

Mbali A mfundo wake anali mabanja dynastic. mlongo wake ndi ana anapatsa mafumu ena ndi akalonga. Iye yekha anakwatira mwana wamkazi wa mkulu wa Swedish Olaf. mlongo wake anakwatira Mfumu ya Poland - Casimir, mwana wamkazi Anna anali mkazi wa Henry Ine, Elizabeth - mkazi wa Harold Mnthawi, Anastasia - Andrew I. ana Izyaslav ndi Vsevolod nawonso, kukhala amuna Polish ndi Byzantine mafumu.

Chitukuko cha chikhalidwe Kievan Lazaro

"Nthano ya makedzana Zaka" ndi pafupi limafotokoza za ntchito yophunzitsa ya kalonga. Inanena kuti mfundo Yaroslava Mudrogo m'munda wa chikhalidwe inachokera yomasulira ambiri mabuku mbiri kuchokera Greek mu Russian. Zimenezi n'zosadabwitsa, monga wolamulira yekha anali kwambiri amakonda kuwerenga, nchifukwa chake iwo anamutcha iye Ngwanzeru zakuya. Mabaibulo mabuku maziko kwa chilengedwe cha laibulale yoyamba mu mpingo wa St. Sophia, choncho chitukuko cha sayansi ndi maphunziro pakati pa anthu a Kievan Lazaro.

Grand Duke Buku la "Russian Choonadi" analengedwa ndi lamulo. m'chipinda chotetezeka umenewu wakhala chachikulu ubale malamulo, zachuma ndi chikhalidwe cha Asilavo. Mu ulamuliro wake anayamba luso ndi mamangidwe.

Kumanga makachisi

Policy Yaroslava Mudrogo kuti mpingo wakhala zabwino, kwenikweni, iye anayesera mwakukhoza kwake kuti anafalitsa Chikristu pakati pa anthu. Ndi dongosolo lake mu 1036-1037 gg. zinamangidwa wotchuka Golden Gate ndi Mpingo wa Annunciation lapansi. Komanso, inamangidwa Hagia Sophia ndi mchitidwe umenewu awiri - St. George ndi Irene. Zitsanzo nyumba izi kukhala mapulani nyumba ndi Yerusalemu Constantinople.

Yaroslav Mudry anapanga Metropolitan woyamba wa Kiev Hilarion. Sizikudziwika, mu mamita 1050 ndi 1054 kunali chochitika, koma makamaka zochita anachita ndi munthu ameneyo. Hilarion kumbuyo ufulu wa Russia ku Constantinople ndi ufulu a m'dera la Kyiv.

Tanthauzo la m'mbiri

anali malamulo a Yaroslava Mudrogo chiyani? Poti ku chidziwitso wabweza zikhoza kuchitika motere: nthaka ya Kyivan Lazaro unafalikira ulamuliro wa Prince, N'zosakayikitsa. Zochita wolamulira wanzeru anapita athandize anthu ndi kwa phindu la mphamvu.

Kiev walimbitsa udindo wa boma wamphamvu pakati pa maukulu wapafupi kukhala chikhalidwe, achipembedzo ndiponso zachuma likulu la Europe. Munthawi ya moyo wake iye anasiya osati mzinda aang'ono komanso pangano ana ake ndi pempho kupewa mikangano.

Pamene mkati ndi kunja ndondomeko Yaroslava Mudrogo inayamba mu mbali yaing'ono chitsanzo kwa m'malo, ndi Kievan Yairo akhoza kukhala mmodzi wa mayiko kutsogolera Europe.