Tsiku chifungulo cha Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World: Nkhondo ya Stalingrad, thanki nkhondo ku Prokhorovka, nkhondo ya Kursk

Kumayambiriro M'chaka cha 1941, ndi yeniyeni pa June 22 ndi kuperekedwa wonyenga wa German World nkhondo II anayamba. Hitler ndi anzake analenga dongosolo "Barbarossa", umene USSR anali kugonja yomweyo. Chikalatachi yosainidwa pa 18 December 1940.

Aliyense wa ife ayenera kukumbukira tsiku yaikulu ya Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya Dziko Lonse, ndipo kusamutsa zimene ankadziwazo ana. Pa chiyambi cha nkhondo ya asilikali a German anali wamphamvu mu dziko. Iye anagwira ntchito imodzi mbali zitatu ndipo anali kuti nthawi yomweyo kutenga Baltic States, Leningrad, Kiev ndi Moscow.

Kuukira wonyenga

August 23, 1939 zinasaina sanali mokwiya pangano pakati pa maiko awiri - Germany ndi USSR. Ena a mbiri yakale amakhulupirira kuti anathandiza kuyambitsa nkhondo asilikali.

Malinga ndi pangano la za maiko awiri kupewa mokwiya aliyense, onse paokha ndipo mu mgwirizano ndi mphamvu zina. Kampani komanso analibe kuthandiza Mgwirizano, chimene chingalowe monga maiko ena ngati zolinga zawo zinali zochita nkhondo ukuperekedwa Germany kapena Soviet Union. Signatories anali:

• ku Soviet Union - Vyacheslav Molotov;
• ku German mbali - Joachim Von Ribbentrop.

Tsiku pambuyo mapeto a pangano, Germany atalanda Poland.

Chifukwa Ine analephera dongosolo "Barbarossa"?

Atazunguliridwa ndi Hitler anadziwa kuti analinganiza kuti analanda USSR. Watsimikiza kukhala dongosolo mumpanda analandira General Marks. Iye anapereka Hitler ndi options ochepa. Chifukwa Ine analephera dongosolo "Barbarossa"? nzeru German molakwa imawunikidwa mphamvu za asilikali a USSR ndi makhalidwe a Red Army. Malinga ndi iye, mwachitsanzo, mu Soviet Union ikuchitika nthawi sikisi zosakwana warplanes kusiyana kwenikweni ndi.

Yambani kukangana

Belarus, Ukraine ndi Baltic limati zowawa kuchokera bomba ndi ndege German choyamba. Izi zinachitika pa 3:30 ndine June 22, 1941. Mu bukhu, Zhukov "Sindidzaiwala ndi M'mbuyo" akupatsidwa kanjedza zotsatirazi. Mu nkhondo nawo:

• 4950 nkhondowo ndege;
• 3712 akasinja;
• 153 German magawano.

ophunzira akusekondale kuphunzira masiku zonse zoyambirira za WWII, koma ambiri mwa ophunzirawo amakhudza chiyambi chake. Zinali kwa dzuwa mtendere pa 22 June - omaliza moni m'bandakucha, ife potsanzikana ku sukulu ndi kukonzekera bwino. Aliyense wa iwo anali ndi zolinga ndi maloto anasiyiratu akasinja German ndipo ndege. Goebbels anauza anthu ake kuti nkhondo 5:30 m'mawa. Iye anali kuwerenga chithandizo Hitler Germany kamodzi wailesi.

Brest Linga - itapita loyamba

Ngati tikulingalira lalikulu WWII tsiku lonse, chitetezo cha mpanda wolimba mu mzinda wa Brest - izo ndi zinazo zosaneneka wa asilikali, mabanja awo ndi anthu chabe. asilikali German zoti titenge izo ngakhale tsiku loyamba la nkhondo.

Kumenyana anawagwira anthu 3,500:

• 17 malire wagawo;
• Unit 6 TH ndi 42 magulu oyenda TH;
• Gulu la Nambala 132 battalion wa NKVD.

Brest Linga kumasulidwa ku Germany 28 July 1944.

kaboma unasemedwa ku Red Army. Chifukwa cha mphepo yamkuntho ya zida zankhondo moto mauthenga onse ndi aya ndi dzikoli anali ataphedwa. Kale pa June 24 Anazi pang'ono analanda linga. Kuwombera anamva m'deralo mpaka August.

Kutetezedwa zozizwitsa za Brest Linga - chitsanzo chabwino wakutemwa. May 8, 1965, iye anapatsidwa udindo wa Hero-Linga. Mu 1971, iye anakhala chikumbutso.

nkhondo ya Smolensk

Kuchokera July 10 September 10, 1941 zinachitika Nkhondo ya Smolensk. Nazi anali ndi Western Front. M'khamu la ulamuliro wa Hitler panali asilikali kuwilikiza kaŵili ndi kanayi kuti akasinja ambiri. Ntchito Nazi chinali tiphwanye Western Front mu zidutswa ndi kuwononga asilikali amene kuteteza Smolensk. Mwanjira imeneyi ankayenera kuti muchotse njira Moscow.

Nkhondo ya Smolensk - ndi WWII chochitika imene Germany alephera kwa nthawi yoyamba chiyambireni cha nkhondo pakati pa Germany ndi USSR. asilikali Soviet alimba mtima atetezera umenewu ndi miyezi 2. mdani sanayembekezere kukana zimenezi. Izi zapangitsa kuti kusokonezeka kwathunthu kwa mapulani onse Wehrmacht a. M'malomwake, adani mofulumira Moscow, mdani anakakamizika kupita ku chitetezo cha udindo wawo.

mumpanda Ukraine

Nazi Germany ataona Ukraine ndi pamalo abwino zofunika chinthu. Germany zofunika malasha, amene ncho m'chigawo Donetsk, Krivoy Rog miyala komanso zaulimi.

Ngati ife kutenga ntchito njira, ndiye, kulanda dera la Ukraine, asilikali a ku Germany akhoza kuthandiza ku mbali ya kum'mwera ya gulu chapakati anzake mu adani a Moscow. Hitler sangapambane ndi liwiro mphezi dziko lino, koma pa Red Army mwina koma kuvomereza.

WWII Ofunika unalembedwa zokhudza Ukraine:

• Red Army anasiya likulu la Ukraine, September 19, 1941.
• asilikali German wotanganidwa Odessa, October 16, 1941.
• Kharkov anagonja October 24, 1941

opindula Union

August 14, 1941 anali anautsa Atlantic hayala - chikalata chimene ananyamuka ndi zolinga zikuluzikulu za nkhondo limati lopondereza. nkhani inachitika pa bolodi chombo British "Prince of Wales" omwe anaima Newfoundland. Anasaina kulengeza, Roosevelt ndi Churchill. Soviet Union ndi m'mayiko ena ambiri agwirizana ndi Atlantic hayala 24 September 1941. chikalata ichi malamulo odana ndi Hitler Mgwirizano kumatanthauza dongosolo la dziko akadzagonjetsedwa Anazi ndipo inakhala maziko a chilengedwe wa UN.

Okulira February 2 - Nkhondo ya Stalingrad

The adani a Stalingrad kofunikira kuti Nazi. Ajeremani ankafuna kuti panjira:

• Caucasus (minda mafuta);
• Muzilankhula Volga;
• Kuban;
• Don.

Icho chiri choyipa kuganiza kuti zingakhale ngati asilikali a ku Germany anagwira Stalingrad. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, asilikali Soviet akanaleka mmodzi wa madzi chofunika kwambiri dziko - ndi mtsinje wa Volga. Pa anali katundu ku Caucasus. Yolanda Stalingrad mdani ankafuna kudula Soviet Union ku mbali ya kum'mwera chapakati. zana ndi makumi awiri ndi asanu masiku a nkhondo oopsa kwa mzinda, koma Stalingrad anapulumuka. The standoff anayamba July 17, 1942, ndipo kumapeto kwa dzinja 1943 (2 February) Stalingrad nkhondo adagonja.

Nkhondo ya Kursk

Atagonjetsedwa wa Nazi ku Stalingrad, asilikali a ku Germany akhala nditadzipatula ndipo ankafuna kubwezera. Chigonjetso wa Red Army, analenga zinthu kwa athamangitsidwe wa mdani ku Ukraine. Mu December 1942, kumasulidwa kwa Donbass.

July 5, 1943 anayamba Nkhondo ya Kursk, womwe unatenga masiku 50. Iwo inatha chigonjetso a asilikali Soviet. Nkhondo ya Kursk kunapangitsa kuti amasule Kharkov ndiponso mizinda ina ya Ukraine:

• Poltava;
• Chernigov;
• onse Donbass.

Prokhorovka (1943)

M'chaka cha 1943 pa July 12 pa Prokhorovka anali nkhondo zoopsa kwambiri, mbiri. Mu ola limodzi, nkhondo anali chosaneneka akasinja zikuthwanima, amene aphata mayendedwe ndi kuwombera mpaka galimoto mdani sanali zoopsa. asilikali Soviet alimba mtima anaimirira pa nkhondoyi ndipo tsekani mdani njira Kursk.

Nkhondo: Chidwi Mfundo

mphamvu German anagonja May 9, 1945 pa mphindi 00:43 - ndi chigonjetso chochitika chachikulu mu Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World. Yamagazi kwambiri mu mbiriyakale ya USSR atasemphana asilikali unatenga masiku 1418. 9 May pa 22:00 pa chizindikiro cha chigonjetso anapereka sawatcha ku nambala yaikulu mfuti Moscow.

deti limeneli ndiye kutha kwa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World, koma atasemphana asilikali sanali mapeto a dziko. Panali pangano la mgwirizano, amene anali kukwaniritsa. August 8, asilikali a Soviet anayamba kumenyana ndi Japan. Kukangana masabata 2. asilikali Soviet anagonjetsa Manchuria wamphamvu Kwantung Army.

Malinga ndi zikalata, Soviet Union anali mu mkhalidwe atasemphana nkhondo ndi Germany mpaka January 1955, mwamsanga pamene capitulation sanali zinasaina pangano mtendere.

Musaiwale waukulu WWII tsiku - ndi udindo wa aliyense wa ife amene ankateteza dziko lathu. Wachiwiri World nkhondo ankanena miyoyo ya anthu 65 miliyoni padziko lonse. Kumbukirani kuti muyenera kupanga mavutowa konse anthu.