Fedor Alekseevich Romanov. Mu ulamuliro

Alexis anali wakhama "wa bata" - kuchokera mabanja awiri anali ndi ana 16. Mfundo zosangalatsa monga chakuti palibe ana asanu ndi anayi sanakwatire, ndipo anyamata amene anabadwa mu banja lanu loyamba ndi Miloslavskaya, kuwawa kwambiri. mmodzi wa iwo, Ivan ndi V, Only kuti anadabwa matenda onse (ku chiseyeye ziwalo), inatenga zaka 27. Iye anabereka ana aakazi asanu, amene - Anna - analamulira Russia zaka 10.

Wina amene munthu kugwa

Native mkulu m'bale Ivan, Theodore A., ankakhala mokwanira zaka 20, amene anali mfumu ya zaka 6 - kuchokera 1676 mpaka 1682. ukwati wake woyamba anabadwa mwana, Ilya, amene anafa pamodzi ndi mayi yomweyo pambuyo pa kubadwa. Olowa anakhalabe Choncho ufumu wa abale wace wangono - Ivan ndi mayi ndi Peter bambo ake, omwe mayi anali Naryshkin. Iye anakhala wolamulira wamkulu wa Russia.

Young koma kutumikira mfumu

Theodore A. yekha kunali kovuta kwa mwana wamkulu wachifumu pambuyo anafa abale ake awiri aja - wotchedwa Dmitry (kutangoyamba) ndi Alex (zaka 16).

Olandira bambo mfumu adafotokozera mu 1675, ndipo patatha chaka anakhala mfumu. Fedor Alekseevich linali dzina motalika kwambiri, chifukwa Russia silinakwaniritsidwe boma limodzi, ndipo anatchula maukulu onse ndi khanates akuwayang'anira ake.

Mfumu mwana. Mwachibadwa, izo sizinali kwa anthu amene akufuna kulowa mabogi kwa duu. Komabe, ambiri atamaliza "zaufulu" osati chinanso. Mayi Naryshkin anagwidwa ukapolo kusandulika ndi Peter. Mwina mwamwayi? Ndipotu Moyo alonda Preobrazhensky Regiment kubwera ku zochitika zimenezo. Cha m'ma 1676 mu kugwirizana watumidwa ndi A. S. Matveev, wachibale wa bambo ake, woyamba Russian "kumadzulo", ndiye wakukhala nayo mphamvu kale mbwee mu dziko.

Natural talente ndi mphunzitsi wamkulu

Theodore A. anali munthu kulenga - analemba ndakatulo, anali zoimbira ndipo anaimba wokongola bwino, wodziwa luso. Malinga ndi zosiyana, ku kuona zilubwelubwe amamwalira, anawerenga kukumbukira Ovidi. Osati mafumu onse, akufa, anakumbukira zapamwamba. Umunthu mwachionekere anali kwambiri.

Fedor anali mwayi ndi mphunzitsi. Simeon wa Polotsk, Belarussian wobadwa wolemba ndi zaumulungu, yaikulu anthu chithunzi cha Russia, chinkhoswe mu maphunziro ake. Kukhala ndi Mlangizi ana achifumu, iye sanangokhala anthu ndi zolembalemba ntchito - anakhazikitsa nyumba kusindikizidwa Moscow, anatsegula sukulu, analemba ndakatulo ndi masewero, Mfundo ndi ndakatulo. Theodore A. motsogozedwa wake ndipo anamasulira rhymed ena masalimo a Masalmo ndi. Fedor Alekseevich Romanov anali ophunzira bwino, anadziwa Polish, Greek ndi Latin. Makamaka alembi wake uja anamutenga ndi Simeona Polotskogo ankakonza ngati mwachidule za zochitika padziko lonse.

chilungamo m'mbiri

Chifukwa chakuti ulamuliro wake sunakhalitse (sikokwanira kwa mwezi 6 wazaka akuti) ndipo wotumbululuka pakati yowala nthawi kwambiri (ulamuliro wa bambo ake, Alexei Mikhailovich "bata kwambiri" ndipo m'bale wa Peter Ine Wamkulu), iye Fedor Alekseevich Romanov anakhalabe samveka mwayekha . Nthumwi za mafumu awo sichidziwa kudzitamanda. Ngakhale anali ndi malingaliro ndi chifuniro ndi luso. Iye akanakhoza kukhala wokonzanso kwambiri ndi inverter, mlembi woyamba Russian perestroika. Ndipo anakhala mfumu kuiwalika.

Kumayambiriro kwa ulamuliro wake, mphamvu zonse anali anaikira mu manja Miloslavskys ndi anamuperekeza awo. Fyodor III anali chifuniro, koma chifukwa anali wachinyamata, kukankhira iwo mu mithunzi, komanso kubweretsa anthu kwa iye si wolemekezeka kwambiri, koma wanzeru, yogwira, zamalonda anatengerapo mwayi - I. M. Yazykova ndi V. V. Golitsyna.

Tsar-wokonzanso

Ulamuliro wa Fedor Alekseevich amalembedwa masinthidwe kwambiri.
Anabadwa mu 1661, kale mu 1678 akulamula chiyambi kalembera ndi anayambitsanso uchikumbe misonkho, ndi chifukwa kuti Zachuma akuyamba kukula. Limbikitsani boma kudzera toughening wa chiyembekezo chakuti a serfdom chinathandiza lamulo bambo ake kuti extradite amathawathawa wamba phunziro kwa chiphaso cha iwo a asilikali. Awa anali kokha njira yoyamba. Ulamuliro wa Fedor Alekseevich anaika maziko ena atengedwa ndi Peter Ine kusintha. Choncho, mu 1681, mndandanda wa zinthu zimene anapanga maziko ndi kulola Petra kugwira kusintha zigawo ndi mu chaka chatha moyo wa Fyodor III anakonza polojekiti, potengera zimene Petulo "Table a maudindo" zinalengedwa.

Munthu woyamba ndi dzina chomwecho mu banja Romanov anali Fedor Cat - mmodzi wa makolo mwachindunji mafumu a. Chachiwiri chinali mabishopu, Filaret (Feodor Nikitich Romanov). Wachitatu anali mfumu Fedor Alekseevich Romanov - ndi umunthu zachilendo, wamphamvu ndi chosalungama kuiwalika. Kuwonjezera matenda aakulu cholowa anali kuvutika kwa kuvulazidwa - pa msinkhu wa zaka 13 kuti panthawi ya Khirisimasi kunapangitsa sled, omwe ankayendetsa alongo. Times anali ngati - anafa mayi wangobereka ndi mwana wobadwa chiseyeye mankhwala kunali kosatheka (iye natenga maonekedwe mliri) yolusa mpando lamba mu sled lachifumu ayi. Likukhalira mamuna likupita msanga alephera kumaliza kutembenuka. Chifukwa, ife anaiwala za izo, ndi ulemerero anapita ena.

Onse m'dzina la dziko

mfundo zoweta Fedor Alekseevich anali umalimbana zabwino za boma, ndipo kusintha zinthu zilili adafuna nkhanza ndi despotism.
Iye kusandulika kwa Duma, za kuchuluka kwa anthu ake kuti anthu 99 (m'malo 66). The mfumuyo inaika zishangozi udindo waukulu zochita boma. Ndipo iye, Petro Ine, kunayamba kupereka njira kwa anthu wamba, koma ophunzirako yogwira, kutumikira zabwino za dziko. Iye anawononga dongosolo udindo Civil Service, mwachindunji amadalira otchuka a chiyambi. localism dongosolo unatha mu 1682 mwachindunji pa msonkhano wa bungwe Provincial. Kuti lamulo limeneli sanakhale yekha pa pepala, Fyodor III analamula kuwonongedwa kwa pang'ono onse a m'buku, yemwe mtchatho kupeza malo ndi osiyana mafuko. Ichi chinali chaka chatha a moyo wake, mfumu anali ndi zaka 20 zokha.

Lonse ziŵalo boma

Politika Fedora Alekseevicha amalandira kuchepetsa, ngati si kuwononga nkhanza za milandu chigawenga ndi chilango. Iye anathetsa akuigwiritsa mmanja kuba.

Kodi sayenera kudabwa kukhazikitsidwa kwa lamulo loletsa mwanaalirenji? Asanafe, iwo anaganiza kukhazikitsidwa kwa Asilavo-Greek-Latin Academy. Pa nthawi yomweyo anali otseguka, ndipo pasukulu ya Akatolika. Kodi Chodabwitsa kwambiri, Theodore A. loyamba limayamba kuitana aphunzitsi ochokera kudziko lina. Ngakhale kumeta ndevu zawo ndi adzafupikitsidwa tsitsi anali pansi Tsar Feodor.

Otembenuka dongosolo msonkho ndi zida za nkhondo. Misonkho akhala wololera, ndipo anthu anayamba kuwapatsa ndalama zambiri kapena zochepa zonse, nadzaza chuma. Ndipo, ambiri n'zosadabwitsa, iye udzachepetsedwa ufulu wa mpingo, zochepa kwambiri alowererepo ake mu zochitika za boma ndi boma, anayamba ndondomeko liquidation wa mabishopu a. Werengani ndi adabwa kwambili cifukwa zonse zinali zimachitika Peter! Mwachionekere, ngakhale zokhota onse a m'nyumba ya mfumu, iye ankakonda mchimwene wake, kumvetsa izo zinayamba kusintha ndipo kusintha ndi mokwanira kumaliza iwo.

kusintha yomanga

mfundo Feodor Alekseevich Romanov chimakwirira Boma yonse zachuma. Yogwira kumanga akachisi ndi nyumba pagulu, panali minda latsopano, kumalire ndi yamalinga, anathyola minda. Manja kufika dongosolo kuchimbudzi a boma la Russia. Ayenera kupatsidwa mawu wapadera kunyumba, kulengedwa ndi dongosolo lake, ambiri a alipo mpaka pano lero. Theodore A. anatha pafupifupi mwathunthu kumanganso Moscow matabwa mwala. Iye anapereka Muscovites ngongole chidwi-free yomanga ya zipinda muyezo. Moscow anali kusandulika pamaso pathu. Zinamangidwa nyumba masauzande ambiri, motero anathana ndi nyumba vuto la likulu. Kwa ena ndi sakumvetsa, mfumu mlandu kuononga chuma. Komabe, ngati Russia Fedor inasanduka mphamvu zambiri, ndipo mtima wake, Red Square, wakhala nkhope ya dziko. Atakhala zinali chimodzimodzi zodabwitsa - akathyali, anthu ophunzira ku maina wamba ankagwira naye mu ulemerero wa Russia. Apa, Petro adamtsata mapazi ake.

The kupambana mfundo yachilendo

Internal ziŵalo mfundo boma yachilendo likugwirizana ndi Fedor Alekseevich. Iye anali kale anayesa kuti abwererane dziko lathu pa Nyanja Baltic. Bakhchisarai Mtendere mu 1681 linalanda Kumanzere-Bank Ukraine ndi Russia. Chosinthana ndi mizinda itatu Kiev anakhala mbali ya Russia mwamsanga 1678. New South positi anaonekera pafupi ndi tauni ya Izyum, motero ndi nthaka yachonde anali linalanda kwa Russia - pafupifupi 30 zikwi makilomita lalikulu pa izo ndipo anapanga ena wotchuka latsopano anapereka olemekezeka amene anatumikirapo m'dziko la asilikali. Ndipo kwakhululukidwa kwathunthu - Russia mwam'pangitsa kuposa iye manambala ndi zida za la Turkey.

Pamene Theodore A., osati pansi Peter, kudzera asilikali zonse yogwira anaikidwa, kupanga mfundo zatsopano. regiments zinalengedwa Lefortovo ndi Butyrsky amene wodalirika ndiye Peter pa Narva nkhondo.

chimkokomo manyazi

Zosamvetsetseka manyazi nyota za mfumu, chifukwa pamene kulemba mu Russia katatu. Mu likulu - pa asanu. zikalata zikusonyeza kuti anali pansi Theodore A. Romanov ndakatulo asangalala pansi pake, osati pa Lomonosov anayamba kutenga mawonekedwe ode choyamba. N'zosatheka kuwerenga chakuti iye anatha kukhala mfumu wamng'ono. Tsopano nkhani zambirimbiri za chilungamo chipambane mbiri. Zingakhale zabwino pamene kumangidwanso kupereka msonkho kwa mfumu, osati mlingo wa abstracts, ndipo zimalimbikitsa dzina lake mu masamba a mabuku mbiri, zonse kuyambira ali mwana kudziwa zimene anali wolamulira wamkulu.