Zikho "Pakuti Kuteteza Caucasus". The Mendulo "Pakuti Kuteteza Caucasus" - Soviet Union mphoto

Kale mu zaka zoyambilira za Great zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo, utsogoleri Soviet anazindikira kufunika kuzindikira chintchito zokometsera wa Mama. Kuti zimenezi zitheke kuti chakhadzikitsidwa mendulo kuti anapatsidwa kwa asilikali otchuka kwambiri ndi anthu wamba omwe asonyeza kulimba mtima ndi kulimbika polimbana ndi Nazi adani. Mmodzi wa Mphotho anali Mendulo "Pakuti Kuteteza Caucasus" (1944). Lero akukhala mabanja ambiri ngati chikumbutso kwa ungwazi wa makolo awo ndi grandfathers.

prehistory

Musanayambe amatiuza za Mendulo "Pakuti Kuteteza Caucasus", tiyenera kunena mawu ochepa za mmene nkhondo ichi geopolitical dera zofunika ndi kufunika chigonjetso cha asilikali Russian umenewu nazo kuti zotsatira za WWII.

Inayamba Nkhondo ulamuliro wa Caucasus akuti ndi 25 July 1942. Komabe, German General Wogwila anaganiza kuti alande dera pafupi ndi Don, mwezi wapitawo. Kuti tichite zimenezi, wachinayi Panzer Army Wehrmacht anali kugumula kutsogolo pa malo pakati pa Kharkov ndi Kursk, ndipo kenako anatengedwa ndi mzinda wa Rostov pa-Don, yomwe ndi yofunika njira ina.

Nkhondo ya Caucasus

Mu August 1942, asilikali a Nazi Germany anagwira "khumi Mthunzi" - kwambiri okwera mapiri hotelo USSR, inali pamalo okwera mamita 4130, omwe alimba mtima atetezera asilikali NKVD (ambiri wopulumuka nkhondo amenewa kenako kupereka n'kulandira mendulo "Pakuti Kuteteza Caucasus"). Iwo panali mbendera ya ulamuliro wa Hitler. chochitika chidafundidwa mu atolankhani dziko monga kutha kwa adani a Caucasus, ndi Gauptman Haynts Groth amene anachita ntchito imeneyi, Hitler anali kupereka kwa Knight a Cross.

Patatha mwezi zinachitika pa anafotokoza mphamvu German anagonjetsa mbali yaikulu ya mzinda wa Novorossiysk, ndipo patapita kanthawi ndipo Sancharsky Marukh akudutsa wa Caucasus Mountains. Komabe, mfundo imeneyi pa kupita patsogolo mochedwa, ndiyeno kwathunthu anasiya ndi Soviet Army. Mpaka kumapeto a 1942 anakhalabe pa kutsogolo kwa muyezo wa mphamvu anali linaphwanya chifukwa cha kupambana kwa asilikali a Soviet pa Stalingrad. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, panali alanda malo a asilikali Wehrmacht mu Caucasus, chimene chinapangitsa nkhawa ya German General Wogwila.

Soviet counteroffensive

Zikuluzikulu asilikali zochita mu Caucasus akhala anayambitsa kuyambira chiyambi cha January 1943. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, asilikali Wehrmacht anakakamizika abwerere, osati kulowa chilengedwe. Patapita milungu ingapo asilikali Soviet anakwanitsa kusiya asilikali a kumadzulo Wehrmacht la Rostov pa-Don, ndipo zoyambirira za February zinali zodzaza ndi ankafika m'dera la Novorossiysk. Choncho ananyamuka bridgehead "Small Lapansi", umene unathandiza kwambiri mu anamasulidwa Novorossiysk kumenyana pa chimene chinafika mpaka m'ma September. Mwa njira, pali wolemekezeka L. I. Brezhnev, ndipo kenako analandira Mendulo "Pakuti Kuteteza Caucasus", mtengo umene tsopano angapezeke mu faleristov.

Ikufanana ndi ichi, mu April mu mlengalenga pamwamba Kuban zinachitika mmodzi wa mlengalenga nkhondo yaikulu mu mbiri za nkhondo, amene oyendetsa Soviet asinthe chikhalidwe mwayi wawo ndipo anagonjetsa asilikali Luftwaffe.

September 3, Hitler anakakamizika kuyitanitsa kusiya mwamsanga la asilikali German pa Crimea chilumba. Choncho, kwa October 9, 1943 RSC mayunitsi kwathunthu katswiri Taman, T. E. zinachitika kuti olemba mbiri yakale kwambiri asilikali kuganizira mapeto enieni a wamagazi ndi oopsa nkhondo kwa Caucasus. zimenezi nkhondo unachita mbali yaikulu ku tsogolo la mayiko Transcaucasian wa USSR. Makamaka, kuthawa ntchito. Komanso, kupambana wa asilikali Soviet kupewedwa kulowa mu nkhondo pa Turkey, akhala wokondedwa maloto kukuza malire ake likuvutika Soviet Union.

Mphotho: Mendulo "Pakuti Kuteteza Caucasus" (general mudziwe)

Mlembi wa sewero ndi wojambula Ni Moskalev. The mphoto unakhazikitsidwa mu May 1944. The Zikho tidzakwatulidwa ankavala pa chifuwa kumanzere, ndipo ngati pali mphoto ndi mphoto zina za USSR, izo aikidwa pambuyo Mendulo ndi, amaitcha kuti gulu la Kiev chitetezo. Malinga ndi kafukufuku amene analipo pa nthawi ya chikondwerero cha chikumbutso 40 la Chigonjetso Wamkulu, mu ali 870.000 nzika zonse Soviet.

Malamulo Mendulo ndi

mphoto anapatsidwa kwa asilikali onse a Red Army, ndi NKVD ndi Soviet yapamadzi, komanso oimira anthu wamba, amene atenga mbali mwachindunji motetezera Caucasus. Malinga ndi lamulo pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa chifukwa chake pakuti ichi deta yomwe yotani mwa nawo kwenikweni mu ntchito kunkhondo ku dera. mphoto ya amene anali kuperekedwa m'malo mwa Supreme Soviet Presidium.

Zikho "Pakuti Kuteteza Caucasus" ankafuna asilikali amene anali nawo motetezera Caucasus kwa miyezi itatu, komanso nthawi kuchokera July 1942 mpaka October 1943. Koma anthu wamba, ndi mphoto anapatsidwa kwa anthu amene anachita nawo nkhondoyo, komanso anthu amene anamanga chitetezo ndi mpanda wolimba kwambiri, kuyambira chaka cha 1941. Monga mphoto zina WWII, ndi Mendulo "Pakuti Kuteteza Caucasus" salinso chopangidwa. mfundo ndi yakuti lonse la anthu amene ayenera anatumikira, iwo, kuphatikizapo atamwalira.

Mendulo kwa Kuteteza Caucasus: kufotokoza

mphoto izi kukula ndi mawonekedwe (a bwalo 3.2 cm awiri) ndi ofanana ndi ambiri ena kwaiye pa WWII, ndipo yopangidwa ndi mkuwa.

Pamwamba pa obverse limasonyeza Phiri Elbrus, kwake phazi - zitsime za mafuta, ndi zimene gulu ikuyenda akasinja pamwamba pa mapiri - silhouettes zouluka ndege. The mphoto ali M'mphepete felemu chosonyeza garlands wa mphesa ndi maluwa pakati chimene, pamwamba kwambiri ndi yaing'ono zisanu zisonga nyenyezi. Pansi pa Mendulo ndi mawu akuti "USSR", ndi pakati pa makalata - nyundo ndi chikwakwa. Mu korona mu bwalo osindikizidwa mu makalata anamuukitsa, lopinda mawu akuti "Pakuti Kuteteza Caucasus." Koma n'zosiyana, izo analengedwa mu kalembedwe chikhalidwe n'zotheka kuwerenga maganizo akuti: "Pakuti Mama athu Soviet", imene fano ino ya nyundo ndi chikwakwa, ataliatali pamwamba pa.

tepi

The Mendulo ali wamng'ono zozungulira eyelet, mu izo, ndi woonda zitsulo mphete olumikizidwa kwa chipika pentagonal, amene ali moire silika riboni maolivi m'lifupi 2.4 masentimita Pa m'mbali mwa n'kupanga ndi chiwembu buluu, ndi pakati -. Awiri woyera mikwingwirima (m'lifupi magulu - 2 mm).

The Mendulo "Pakuti Kuteteza Caucasus", mtengo umene lero ranges ku rubles 700 mpaka 2000, angakhale ngati chokongoletsera ku faleristov aliyense zosonkhanitsira.