2 Belorussia Front: Commander, zikuchokera, nkhondo njira yanu

Pa chomaliza gawo la Great zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo, pamene asilikali Soviet anali n'kuyambiranso ku Germany dera lonse la RSFSR unakhazikitsidwa 2 Belorussia Front. Panali awiri mwa mapangidwe gulu, womwenso makamu angapo.

Mapangidwe woyamba

February 17 anaganiza kupanga 2 Belorussia Front mu Supreme Lamulo. kuphedwa lamulo zinachitika pa February 24. Kutsogolo latsopano analowa Army (47 TH 61 TH, 70 TH), zomwe opareshoni mu Polesie - dera ili m'malire a Belarus ndi Ukraine. Apa, a ku Germany anakhalabe ntchito bwino, ngakhale kugonjetsedwa kwambiri kum'mawa. asilikali Wehrmacht unachitikira m'mizinda ikuluikulu kumvanso izo sizinali zophweka. Chifukwa chakuti kanthu njira pankhondo definitively anasamukira ku Soviet Union, Stalin adamfunsa mathamangitsidwe pazipita tingalimbanirane, kukhala woyamba mu Germany analanda Berlin. Komabe, pamaso pa phazi pa nthaka German, asilikali Soviet anali pochitika osati Belarus komanso Poland.

2 Belorussia Front kutsogoleredwa ndi msilikali-General Pavel Kurochkin. Chief wa Wogwila anakhala Lt. Gen. Vladimir Kolpakchi. anthu Zimenezi zinachititsa Polesskaya amanyansidwa opareshoni, umene unatha kuchokera March 15 April 5, 1944. Cholinga chachikulu wa makamu Soviet m'dera limeneli unali mzinda wa Kovel. Komanso mu kufanana kukhala nagonjetsa motsogozedwa ndi Pripyat Mtsinje.

Abwerere Kovel

Panali magulu a magulu German "Center" ndi "South". Malinga ndi iye chilengedwe nkhonya anagwidwa ndi asilikali a Soviet mwachidule anakwanitsa ndigwire Kovel, amene koma sanafooke. Komanso, Wehrmacht anakoka nkhokwe kuti anali ndi dziko la Germany mu kumbuyo. 2 Belorussia Front ndayima kaye. Posakhalitsa anakhala noticeable kusowa mphamvu ya lamulo Soviet adalibe zoperewerazo. chifukwa inagona mu chiwerengero cha apitiriza kunenetsa pa matenda othamanga, kaya mkhalidwe wa anthu ogwira ntchito. asilikali amene anali kutsogolo, sanamusiye kwa miyezi yambiri, ndipo kale ulendo wa mazana makilomita.

Chifukwa cha zifukwa zonsezi kutsogolo analephera kugwira ntchito yake yaikulu - kumasula Kovel. Komabe, maziko abwino a tsogolo chaonekera. Germany kontrnastupat analinso kanthu, kotero kuti nthawi zina nkhondo anakhala Pamalo. April 5 unatha 2 Belorussia Front. Commander Pavel Kurochkin muli ndi mulingo watsopano.

ntchito Belorussia

Komabe, chabe milungu ingapo, pa April 24, 2 Belorussia Front unakhazikitsidwa mwatsopano. mapangidwe wake wachiwiri chinakhalapo mpaka mapeto a nkhondo ndi unatha mu June 1945. Chaka patsogolo ntchito chompatsa potsiriza kumasula Belarus.

Mu May, kutsogolo kwa asilikali anatsogolera nkhondo Pamalo, kuyembekezera malangizo kwa amanyansidwa latsopano. Iwo anayamba pa June 23, pamene dongosolo kupita patsogolo ndipo anapereka magulu ena. Zinali anakonza kuukira kwa asilikali a Soviet, amene reorganized pambuyo kasupe tizigona ndipo anali wokonzeka kachiwiri kuti apite patsogolo mu kufunafuna kwawo asilikali German.

Mu ntchito Byelorussian panafika osati 2 Belorussia Front, komanso 1st Baltic (mtsogoleri - Ivan Bagramyan), 3 Belorussia (mtsogoleri - Ivan Chernyakhovsky), 1 Belorussia (Konstantin Rokossovsky). Pa chiyambi cha ntchito ya asilikali Soviet anali anthu oposa mamiliyoni asanu, zikwi akasinja ndi zidutswa zida zankhondo.

Mogilev zolawula

Madzulo a General latsopano asogolera 2 Byelorussian Front. Commander Ivan Petrov analandira makamu ambiri, kuphatikizapo 50 tili ndi 4 Air Force.

Kumapeto kwa June mgwirizano umenewu njira nawo Mogilev ntchito. Pa udindo wake monga sabata adakhala wothyoledwa mdani, anawoloka Dnieper Mtsinje ndi Pronya. Iwo anamasulidwa m'mizinda ikuluikulu monga Mogilev, ndi Bykhov Shklov. Army Gulu "Center" walandira kusiyana, zimene wakhala ake Achilles chidendene. Pa njira ya 2 Byelorussian Front anali 12 oyenda Division wa ku Germany, amene anali inawonongedwa. Komanso pa airstrike anaphedwa wotchuka mkulu wa thanki Corps Austria Robert Martinek.

Pa nthawi yomweyo, msilikali-General Georgiy Fedorovich Zaharov anatsogolera 2 Belorussia Front. Kulimbana njira ya mapangidwe izi anadutsa dambo wandiweyani zimene zinali zovuta kulimbana ndi Germany ndi Soviet wamba.

Bialystok opareshoni

Posachedwapa, kutsogolo kwa asilikali analanda mbali mu Bialystok ntchito amene anali gawo la ntchito Belorussia. Nagonjetsa anayamba pa July 5 ndipo inatha pa 27 July. M'chaka mbali ya kutsogolo ife anagwira ntchito limodzi ndi magulu a achinyamata General Ivan Danilovich Chernyakhovsky, amene chisoni anafa East Prussia mu miyezi yomaliza ya nkhondo.

July 24, anamasulidwa pa mzinda Chibelarusi wa Grodno. Patsogolo - kumalire ndi Poland. Zinali pa mazana makilomita, amene wasunga 2 Belorussia Front. The zikuchokera wa makamu atsopano kawirikawiri ndi omenyana watsopano amene anabwera kuchokera kumbuyo, kuchiritsa mabala awo kapena maphunziro inapita patsogolo maphunziro maphunziro asilikali. Belarus yachotsedwa ndi Wehrmacht.

July 27 Soviet Army analowa Bialystok. Icho chinali chachikulu komanso chofunika mzinda woyamba Polish, omwe anasiyidwa ndi ankhondo German, amene anabwera kuno pa chiyambi cha Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World mu 1939. Bialystok ntchito yatha ndi kumasula Belostok C.

East Prussian opareshoni

Mu November, mutu wa kutsogolo anapangidwa polimbana ya Soviet Union Konstantin Konstantinovich Rokossovsky. Mu chilimwe ndi mwa kugwa, mphamvu Soviet kachiwiri napezanso mphamvu kuti kupanga yojambula ku Poland. Komanso, kutsogolo anali East Prussia - German enclave, amene administratively kale anali ndi ulamuliro wa Hitler. Panali mzinda wofunika kwa Koenigsberg, komanso "Wolf a obisalamo" - mlingo waukulu wa Adolf Hitler, amene anatsogolera kuukira Soviet Union, pamene zinthu m'chigawo sichikwiya zomvetsa chisoni kwambiri kuti Wehrmacht.

January 13, anayamba East Prussian opareshoni, omwe anali nawo 2 Belorussia Front. List gulu la nkhondo kwambiri kotero kuti n'zosatheka kuti atsogolere. mayina a anthu otchulidwa anasunga zolemba archival. Kumayambiriro 1945, pafupifupi 1.6 miliyoni anthu anatenga gawo mu ntchito.

Ngati 3 Belorussia Front anasamukira kwa Konigsberg, 2 anapita Marienburg (Malbork ano Poland). zochita zawo yatsopano ayenera kutsogolera kwa lazungulira anthu lonse la East Prussian grouping wa Wehrmacht. Nthawi zambiri zinali ndodo ya "Center" (mu January anadzatchedwa ndi "North") ya Army Group.

Mlavsko-ntchito Elbingskaya

January 26 asilikali Soviet a 2 Byelorussian Front, anafika pa magombe a pa Vistula mtsinje. M'sabata ziwiri zapitazi, mphamvu Soviet bwinobwino Mlavsko Elbingskuyu-ntchito. Komanso analandidwa ndi kufalikira zofunika pafupi ndi tauni ya Bromberg. Anagonjetsedwa Marienburg, kulola grouping mphamvu kwa tiponye Pomerania. The Masurian Nyanja District unazunguliridwa mpaka kugonjetsa 2 Wehrmacht Army. Komanso lowonongeka 4 Army.

East Pomeranian zolawula

Kuyambira February 10 April 4 anapitiriza East Pomeranian zolawula, omwe anali nawo 2 Byelorussian Front. 1945 analonjeza kuti adzapambana, koma pali zakhala Polish m'chigawo chakumpoto, komanso Berlin.

Pa tsiku loyamba masiku khumi amanyansidwa ndi asilikali Soviet anakwanitsa patsogolo makilomita 40 okha. Chifukwa zomvetsa olemera ndi kulephera pasadakhale ntchito zina wakhala inaimitsidwa mwachidule. February 24 alumikizidwa kutsogolo kwa 19 Army ndi 2 Shock Army. Cholinga chawo chinali mzinda Keslin (ano Koszalin). The Germany anakaniza amakana, podziwa kuti mthunzi ndi lalikulu pali pena paliponse.

Pa nthawi yomweyo, 1st Belorussia Front anasamukira ku kuthandiza Rokossovskogo gulu. kanthu yolongosoka mwa magulu awiriwa analola kuswa chitetezo cha dziko la Germany. Iwo unadulidwa m'magulu angapo ang'onoang'ono, omwe ali, kapena mthunzi, kapena ena. March 5, asilikali a Soviet anafika ku gombe la nyanja ya Baltic. Kumapeto kwa mwezi ndi doko zofunika za Danzig (Gdańsk) analandidwa. East Pomeranian ntchito inatha bwinobwino. A udindo waukulu mu chigonjetso ichi, ankaimba chachiwiri Byelorussian Front. Zikuchokera anali kupereka mendulo zosiyanasiyana ndi malamulo. Anthu ambiri anapatsidwa udindo Hero wa Soviet Union.

Berlin opareshoni

Patsogolo kunali nkhondo, ngakhale kuti zotsatira za nkhondoyo inali kale momveka bwino kuti zipani zonse. funsolo linali yekha amene ali woyamba kupita pansi mu Berlin - Soviet Army kapena Western adani. Iosif Vissarionovich Stalin ankafuna kupereka Churchill ndi Roosevelt. Kuyambira atsogoleri ake onse, adafunsira pa sitepe mtengo uliwonse patsogolo, kaya chiwerengero cha akufa. nsembe anthu achuluka kwambiri.

Komabe, kutsogolo akubwera. Berlin ntchito inayambika 16 April. Poyamba anali ndinayamba Oder, umene ndi malire pakati Poland ndi Germany. Asilikali Soviet anasamukira mogwirizana ndi makilomita 200, kusesa kutali otsala mphamvu German. Pa Chigonjetso Day, May 9, 19 Army anatenga gawo mu ankafika pa chilumba Chidanishi la Bornholm. Ambiri, 2 Belorussia Front yokutidwa zochita mayunitsi ena omwe mwachindunji analowa mu Berlin.

mtengo

Magulu ankhondo 2 Byelorussian Front pa chaka linakhalapo, anamasula Belarus lonse. Iwo anamenya pa Germany kumpoto Poland, kukhala thandizo lalikulu kwa anthu wamba kulimbana ake ndi Aisiraeli. Pomaliza, asilikali, khomo kutsogolo, anatenga gawo mu Nkhondo ya Berlin. M'chaka cha 1945 kutsogolo anali lidzasinthidwa gulu mpoto kwa Zikuchititsa, anali mu Germany kuti Soviet Union.