Ancient Egypt. Nefertiti

Farao wamphamvu, piramidi otchuka, kuimira chete masinfikisi kutali ndi zachinsinsi wakale Egypt. Nefertiti si zochepa zamatsenga ndi wokongola kudziwika regal kalekale. dzina lake ali ndi kampira la nthano, unakhala chizindikiro cha zonse ndi wokongola. Amene anakwezedwa ndi kuzindikiridwa ndi wamkazi Tefnut, kwambiri zachinsinsi ndi "changwiro" mkazi wa ku Aigupto, mwatchulidwa amene pa nthawi ina osaonekanso, monga iye anali?

Aigupto Mfumukazi Nefertiti akulamulira pamodzi ndi Farao Amenhotep IV wa, imadziwika kuti mbiri Akhenaton, zaka zoposa zitatu zapitazo. The Sands ya Time yatimeza nthawi wakale wa mbiri tayenda kufumbiko onse amene analipo mfumukazi. Koma ulemerero wa Nefertiti anapulumuka zaka zambiri, pambuyo pa chisokonezeko, iye kachiwiri akugwirizira kulamulira dziko.

Mu 1912, pamene zofukulidwa m'mabwinja ku Egypt, Ludwig Borchardt - German katswiriyo, anapezeka msonkhano wa ziboliboli Tuthmosis, monga anasonyeza magawanidwe a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya miyala, masks ku pulasitala, yosatha ziboliboli bokosi lamaliro mpukutu wotchedwa Ahetatona ziboliboli. Mu chimodzi mwa zipinda anapezeka anapanga miyala ya laimu kugwira wa mkazi chachikulu. Borchardt kuchenjerera anawatulutsa m'dziko la Iguputo. Mu 1920, kugwira anali anapereka kwa Berlin owonetsera zakale. Mfundo ndi zinsinsi za moyo mfumukazi anayesa kuti awulule mwa malingaliro osiyanasiyana. Tikhoza kunena kuti kuyambira dzina lake yokutidwa kutchuka lonse, suzimitsidwa mpaka tsopano. Ndipo kuchita chidwi kwambiri ndi tsoka la mfumu. Kwa nthawi yaitali bwanji kuti anakumana chabe maumboni ochepa, osati zambiri angapezeke tsopano.

Pali Mabaibulo ambiri za chiyambi cha Nefertiti. sanena zambiri tikaona maumboni pa makoma a manda, zolembedwa mapale Amarna Archive, kukhala kuswana pansi chitukuko cha Mabaibulo angapo za chiyambi cha mfumukazi. "Wangwiro," monga icho chinali kutchedwa, anali Mwiguputo, koma pali Mabaibulo ponena kuti anali mlendo wolemekezeka. Egyptologists amanga malingaliro angapo za chiyambi chake. Akatswiri ena amaganiza kuti iye ndi mwana Tushratta mfumu ya Mitanni. dzina lake lenileni Taduhippa iye anasintha anakwatiwa Amenhotep III. Nefertiti anamwalira oyambirira, ndi imfa ya mwamuna wake anatchedwa mkazi wa mwana wake Amenhotep IV. Young Farao Nefertiti anapambana kukongola imathamangira. Iwo anati kuti kukongola sanabadwe spawned Egypt. Nefertiti posakhalitsa anakhala "chachikulu" wa mkulu ndi mkazi wake. Izo mtundu wa chinatsimikizira Baibulo cha chiyambi chake Iguputo, chifukwa nthawi zambiri mkazi wa Farao anakhala ku Iguputo achifumu magazi. Zikuoneka kuti akhoza kukhala wamkazi wa Farao. Amagwiritsidwanso ankaganiza kuti Nefertiti - mwana wa mmodzi wa pafupi ndi bwalo la Akhenaten.

Make njuchi kukwapula osati chifukwa cha kukongola modabwitsa, komanso chifundo wopandamalire. Kunapatsa anthu mtendere, bafa dzuwa anaimba ndakatulo ndi nthano. Iye anali mphamvu mosavuta pa amuna, Amazipembedza Egypt. Nefertiti ali mozama ndi luso kuuzira kudzipereka kwa iye.

Ku Egypt zojambula amtunduwu, anatsalira-reliefs amasonyeza kuti ukwati wake ndi Amenhotep IV anali wangwiro, zinali chizindikiro cha ulemu, chikondi ndi mgwirizano. Farao wamphamvu zonse anapita mu mbiri monga wokonzanso achipembedzo. Iwo anali munthu wapamwamba, amene analengeza nkhondo pa Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira wa ansembe. Anadzitcha Akhenaton, "yokondweretsa Mulungu" anasamukira likulu ku Thebes kuti Ahetaton, anapereka akachisi latsopano, wobvala Korona awo osemedwa colossi latsopano Aten-Ra. Pogwira mfundo imeneyi kazembe anafunika angakuthandizeni odalirika, ndipo anayamba Nefertiti. Anzeru ndi amphamvu mkazi anathandiza Farao refract kuzunza dziko wonse ndi kupambana nkhondo yoopsa ndi atumiki kwachinsinsi cha chipembedzo, amene anagonjetsa Iguputo. Nefertiti anapezeka madyerero zamtendere. Farao anakambirana ndi mkazi wake akuonerera. Nthawi zina m'malo alangizi ake udindo wapamwamba. Nefertiti ankalambira ziboliboli ake otchuka Tingaone mu mzinda uliwonse pafupifupi Iguputo. Nthawi zambiri izo akufotokozedwa mu nduwira, ndi mkulu buluu tsitsi, umene n'zogwirizana ndi maliboni golide ndi uraeus, mophiphiritsa kugogomeza mphamvu zake ndi kulankhulana ndi milungu.

Palinso anali kaduka ndi intrigue. Koma poyera palibe amene amadzinenera wolamulira ndi mkazi wake, ndithu mwake, mu Nefertiti anagwa nsembe ndi mphatso ofuna. Komabe, mfumukazi anzeru anathandiza okhawo amene maganizo ake, akhoza kulungamitsa ndi kupeza kukhulupirira la Farao.

Koma tsoka, pokhala mkulu consummate mu moyo wake si wopandamalire, ndi woyanjidwa poyerekezera Nefertiti. milungu sanali anampatsa wolowa mphamvu. Mfumukazi anapereka kokha Farao aakazi 6. Zinali ndiye, mothandizidwa ndi nsanje anapeza m'malo achifumu akazi, mphamvu pa mtima wa Farao anapita ndi mdzakazi wokongola Kia. Iye analephera nthawi yaitali kusunga pafupi naye mfumu, zinali zovuta kusankha pakati pa akazi awiri. Kumbali mfumukazi kale anali nthawizonse mwansangala, koma mwachilolezo si wapamwamba kunyengedwa Farao. ubwenzi zakale pakati pa wamphamvu wofuna komanso wodzikuza Nefertiti ndi Akhenaten sanaonekenso. Koma iye anali wokhoza kusunga mphamvu pa iye. Pali Mabaibulo kuti anali Nefertiti, kusonyeza boma malingaliro ake, anapereka mkazi Akhenaten Anhesenamon mwana wawo olowa wachitatu mu Baibulo lina, anali mwana wamkulu Meritaton.

Atamwalira Akhenaten, mwana wawo anakwatiwa ndi Tutankhamun amene anasamuka likulu kuti Thebes. Egypt anayambanso kupembedza Amun-Ra ndi onse zinayambanso kuyenda bwino. Mu Akhenaton anali kokha Nefertiti, okhulupirika kwa maganizo a mwamuna wake. Mu ukapolo, anakhala moyo wake wonse. Pambuyo pa imfa ya mfumukazi pa pempho lake, iye anayikidwa m'manda a Akhenaten, koma Malemu ake silinapezeke. Ndipo Malo malo ake m'manda sakudziwika.

Komabe, dzina lake limatanthauza "wokongola uyu", ndi lero ndi mwini wa zonse ndiwokongola. Sculptural chithunzi cha Mfumukazi Nefertiti opezeka Amarna mu 1912, komanso ena wochenjera ndi ndakatulo zina zachidule ndi Tuthmosis, akale mbuye Akhenaton, zasungidwa mu zakale wa Berlin ndi Cairo. Mu 1995, Berlin kunalinso chionetsero chidwi kubweretsa pamodzi zosonkhanitsira Aigupto, omwe anakhala pakati kudzakomananso Nefertiti ndi Akhenaten.

Nefertiti anali mmodzi wa anthu otchulidwa wotchuka m'mbiri ya luso, mwiniwake wa chisomo ndi mwachikondi, kutsegula mu ulamuliro wa mbali Akhenaten maganizo a luso. The chithumwa mfumukazi wokongola anapereka ojambula zithunzi mwayi zosaneneka kulumikiza m'chifanizo kamodzi kukongola ndi luso ndi moyo.

Mfumukazi ya Egypt wasiya zambiri zinsinsi ndi zinsinsi za moyo wake kuti munthu ali koma kuti awulule.