Cancer chingamu: kufotokoza, zimayambitsa, zizindikiro, ndi gawo winawake wa mankhwala

The zotupa kuti kukhala M'mimbamo m'kamwa, izo zilonda zako. Iwo akhoza kukhala osati minofu zofewa, komanso pochitika pachibwano.

tanthauzo

Khansa ya m'kamwa - ndi imodzi mwa matenda ambiri M'mimbamo m'kamwa. Iwo amakhala ndi zikamera njira otsika-quality, zomwe zili mu nembanemba wa mucous. Pachiopsezo kwambiri akhoza kukhala usinkhu wapakati ndi akulu amuna, komanso anthu amene yakale Iye adaleka zosiyanasiyana matenda mano.

Ngati sanalandire chithandizo, timathawa matenda ndondomeko akuyamba kufalitsa ndi amakhudza ziwalo zambiri ndipo zimakhala. Ngati vutoli ndi kuthamanga, ndiye mu m'tsogolo metastases, kenako amafa ukuwonjezeka.

zifukwa

Maonekedwe a zotupa ngati zingachititse:

• kukhalapo kwa dzino carious;
• yotupa njira;
• mowa ndi fodya ntchito;
• osauka m'kamwa ukhondo
• kuwonongeka mawotchi mano.

Ndi atengeke kwambiri matenda anthu amene lilime obayidwa. Monga amadziwika, chokongoletsera izi zimayambitsa kupweteka M'mimbamo m'kamwa, kenako matenda akhoza mwachangu anayambitsa ndi kugawidwa, ndipo kenako amachititsa m'kamwa khansa.

siteji

Pali magawo anayi a matenda:

1. Chotupa kufika kukula kwa 1 masentimita ndi kusungidwa mu wosanjikiza mucous.
2. Neoplasm akula masentimita 2 awiri ndi 1 cm ndipo alibe kupitirira zimakhala ndi. Pa chotupa mbali 1 pano metastases.
3. Kusindikiza 3 cm. Kayamba ungakhalenso, kapena iwo akungoyamba kumene amasonkhana mu lymph mfundo ndi malo a chiwonongeko.
4. Metastases ali mu nkhope fupa M'mimbamo mu chigaza ndi mtsempha wamagazi ndi carotid. Komanso iwo angafikire ziwalo monga chiwindi ndi mapapo. Pa nthawi imeneyi n'zovuta kuchiza khansa ya usinini.

Siteji yoyamba ya matenda amapanga lokha anamva. Chotupacho, amene kumawonjezera ndi kukula zimakhala ndi, compresses molekezera mitsempha, adzawononga ntchito ziwalo zambiri ndipo amayambitsa kupweteka, amene ali ovuta kwambiri kulekerera.

zizindikiro

matenda angasonyeze m'njira zosiyanasiyana, choncho ndi kovuta matenda. Koma akuganiza kuti kuli zotupa amenewa ndi zavuta mtima, ngati chimakhudzana kuyan'anila thanzi lawo. The chizindikiro chachikulu cha kukhalapo khansa ndi kutupa m'kamwa, amene nthawi zonse kuwonjezeka. Wonse umachokera kwa chakuti zinkakhala m'dera amakhala opondapo ndipo akuyamba compress mano pafupi, zomwe zimabweretsa kusapeza zoopsa, imene nthawi zambiri kwa dokotala.

Komanso, chisindikizo limapezeka pa kamwa, omwe anasinthidwa mtundu. Nthawi zambiri, malo awa wazunguliridwa ndi zilonda zing'onozing'ono kapena ming'alu. Mukhozanso ndiwona magazi, ngati pang'ono kukhudza panayambira. M'kamwa kukhala okhumudwitsa. Poyamba, zogirigisha m'deralo, koma patapita nthawi wodwalayo tikumvera pakamwa.

Zowoneka, chotupa izi zikhoza monga mapangidwe latsopano la mtundu wofiira ndi malo oyera, zomwe zili pa zimakhala wapakamwa anafotokoza. Matenda kawirikawiri kusokonezedwa ndi leykoplaksiey, eritroplaksiey, zilonda kapena gingivitis, koma malinga ndi makhalidwe ena (pa-ulcerated pamwamba ndi kuchuluka kwa mitsempha) otsimikiza kuti anali khansa m'kamwa. Zizindikiro tafotokozazi, ndi yosiyanasiyana ndi angasokonezeke ngakhale scrupulous ambiri wodwala, choncho m'pofunika kukhala tcheru yekha komanso kukumana ndi mayeso zonse madokotala.

diagnostics

Pofuna kupewa matenda, m'pofunika kukaona mano miyezi sikisi iliyonse. Muyeneranso paokha kuyan'ana mucosa, ndi vuto la kupeza zochitika Muzisamala uwoneka kwa iwo mwamsanga mu luso.

Ngati madokotala akuganiza kuti chotupa, izo akuonetsa:

• kukaona oncologist;
• kukumana Kupenda cytological, amene anachita kufufuza maselo atypical;
• ndi biopsy kudziwa mtundu wa matenda;
• kuchititsa X-ray, amene kutsimikizira kapena kutsutsa pamaso pa metastases mu mandible lapansi.

khansa chingamu ndi kovuta kuzindikira, kotero maphunziro pamwambapa bvuto lotere, komanso mwamsanga mankhwala zina, amene anatumizidwa yekha kwa akatswiri ngati malo.

Ndani zambiri akudwala?

vuto amakhudza anthu amene amamwa mowa ndipo ali aakulu mavuto ndi m'kamwa kapena mano. Komanso zoipa anakhudzidwa ndi olakwika kapena ayi chisamaliro ukhondo, kusowa mano kapena kupeza mano otere bwino anapanga, zoopsa mucosa. khansa chingamu ndi zambiri kupezeka osuta, okonda kutafuna masamba mtedza ndi anthu zotupa mu M'mimbamo m'kamwa. Vuto limeneli akhoza kupeza anthu ndi papillomavirus ndi nsungu, komanso okonda kudya otentha ndi zokometsera zakudya kwambiri.

mawonekedwe

Matenda akhoza kuoneka mu mucous m'njira zitatu:

• khansa anam'peza n'lakuti ngati mabala omwe ali m'mbali losongoka ndi magazi pamene anakumana ndi chotsukira mkamwa kapena pamene mbamuikha.
• Papillary - zisindikizo kuoneka ngati tokhala.
• Infiltrative - ndondomeko likulowerera, alibe malire, pali ululu ngakhale pa mpumulo.

Aliyense wa mitundu imeneyi n'koipa chifukwa vuto ndi kale, ndipo ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito thandizo kuchipatala pa gawo loyamba.

chithandizo

Khansa ya usinini, mankhwalawa zomwe ndi zovuta, likuchotsedwa mu magawo atatu:

• opaleshoni;
• cheza mankhwala;
• Morning.

Pa opaleshoni, madokotala kudula chotupa mtima ndipo zimakhala zofewa yozungulira (mucous, minofu ndi mitsempha). Nkhani kuchotsedwa watumidwa mayesero zasayansi. Iwo tingasonyeze bwanji kusintha ndi momwe matenda wapita. Ngati chotupa yafalikira kudutsa pachibwano, madokotala ndi kuchotsa makona submandibular.

Cheza mankhwala angathe kuchitikira pamaso opaleshoni ndipo pambuyo. Mu chimake choyamba, onse akugwa pansi pa walitsa minofu ozungulira ndi chotupa, ndi lachiwiri - dera kumene chotupa anali. Nthawi zambiri, njira yotero Kwalamulidwa monga matenda njira kubwereza, chifukwa sadathe kumaliza.

Morning nthawi anatumizidwa odwala amene ali ndi chingamu kuchotsa khansa sizingatheke chifukwa pali contraindications kwa opaleshoni. Nthawi zina, ntchito zowonjezera radiotherapy kumapangitsanso zotsatira.

Panthawi imeneyi dokotala mankhwala kukonzekera (jakisoni kapena makapisozi) Zili bwino ziletsa kukula kwa maselo zoipa ndi kuwapha mbali yaing'ono. Zikuphatikizapo mankhwala:
pulatinamu;

• anthracyclines;
• epipodophyllotoxins;
• vinca alkaloids.

Pa nthawi ya ndime ya mankhwala dokotala Kwalamulidwa kwa odwala mankhwala ngati atamwa mankhwala amenewa yafupika chitetezo chokwanira, yomwe imatithandiza kumveketsa mwayi mavairasi ambiri ndi matenda. Pofuna kuthandiza thupi tcheru, Kwalamulidwa njira ya kufufuza zinthu zothandiza ndi mavitamini. Pa nthawi imeneyi, Ndi bwino makamaka tcheru ku chakudya chawo ndi kokha kudya zakudya abwino angathandize polimbana ndi matenda.

njira chakale mankhwala tikulimbikitsidwa kuti kuphatikiza ndi mankhwala njira. zofikisa zosiyanasiyana, kutema mphini, ndi compresses ndi rinsing zochokera zitsamba mankhwala kwambiri thanzi m'kamwa ndi kulimbitsa thupi lonse.

Mofanana ndi khansa zina, khansa chingamu akhoza anawathetsa akuyambiranso. Pofuna kupewa kusuta, wodwala ayenera kuyezedwa ndi kupereka magazi zolembera chotupa mu miyezi 5 pambuyo chithandizo, ndi zina ngakhale kale. Izo zimatengera mmene matendawa.

kupewa

Pofuna kuchepetsa pakutchulidwa angathe kuchuluka chotupa cha, m'pofunika kuchita njira zimenezi losavuta:

• mosamala ndi chisamaliro bwinobwino m'kamwa;
• khutu ku ndondomeko ya kudya chakudya, komanso kuti zikuchokera katundu ndi katundu wawo;
• kuthetsa makhalidwe oipa ndiponso ntchito ndi utsi zoipa;
• kutsatira malangizo kuchipatala pa matenda a mavuto mano;
• ntchito khalidwe mankhwala otsukira mano ndi mouthwash.

Muyenera kutsatira nthawi 2 chaka, dokotala amene adzatha kuunikira mmene m'kamwa asankhepo zoyenera kuti mukhale ndi thanzi mu mwakale.

kaonedwe

Mwayi kuchiza matenda zimadalira siteji imene matenda ndi. Ngakhale zizindikiro za khansa chingamu anapezeka pa chiyambi, si onse odwala chithandizo msanga thandizo la zachipatala ndipo kulakwitsa kwambiri. Matendawa akhoza kukhala zovuta chifukwa chakuti onse kusapeza kaŵirikaŵiri olembedwa ngati zotsatira za mavuto mano. Pambuyo kuchotsa ndime awo wotseguka ndipo n'kutheka kachilomboko, amene Iyamba kufala kwa khansara.

Ngakhale izi, amafa ndi otsika. Kafukufuku amasonyeza kuti avareji zaka 5-6 kupulumuka:

• 1-2 masitepe 80%;
• 3 - 40%;
• 4 - 15%.

Ngati mwaluso kukonza mankhwala, n'zotheka kukwaniritsa chikhululukiro mu kuposa 30% ya milandu.