Pond - ndi chiyani ichi? Monga aumbike? mitundu ya matupi madzi

Nthawi zambiri, padziko lonse akhoza kukumana matupi yosiyanasiyana ya madzi. Monga ulamuliro, iwo anapanga mu matendawa, wa padziko lapansi. Choncho funso n'lakuti: "Madamu - ichi ndi chiyani? Kodi chifukwa asayembekezere? "Kuti tiyankhe iwo, muyenera kukhala bwino ndi sayansi hydrology. Iwo akuyendayenda zonse madzi mogwirizana zotheka chilengedwe, komanso zochitika kunachitika izo. Ena hydrologists zotsatira analandira ntchito pamene Kutumiza ndi kuchititsa ntchito pa mitsinje amadzimadzi.

Pond - malo kumene madzi amasonkhana ndi runoff kochepa kapena ayi. Nthawi zambiri malo awa ndi opangidwa ndi masoka cavities. Ngati ife kuganizira tanthauzo lonse la mawu, ndi mayiwe ali amatchedwanso m'nyanja ndi m'nyanja.

mitundu ya matupi madzi

Madamu anawagawa mitundu yambiri malinga ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Ndi linakhalapo, nthawi iwo anawagawa okhazikika ndi osakhalitsa. Yotsirizira uka yekha mu nyengo zina za kusiyana kwa nthawi zina. Mwachitsanzo, maiwe ndi oxbow nyanja, wosawoneka chifukwa cha kusefukira kwa madzi kasupe wa mitsinje yaikulu. Malinga ndi njira yopezera Madamu ndi yokumba ndi masoka. Ndi yokumba komanso m'madamu kusambira mchere, Madamu, madamu.

Pond - ndi madzi, kusiyana wina ndi mzake ndi mipweya awo, nkhani ya kufufuza zinthu ndi zinthu zina kwachilengedwenso. Mmodzi wa zizindikiro zofunika ndi kudzikundikira salt. Ndi pa chinthu ichi ndiyo yonse ya mchere. Iwo agawidwa mu mwatsopano ndi mchere. Aliyense wa iwo limafanana ndi nyama ndi zomera enieni.

nyanja

nyanja analengedwa ndi chikhalidwe ndi kudzikundikira madzi mu recess dziko. Ilibe pakamwa, ndi gwero lake, ndipo si mbali ina ya nyanja dziko. madzi ambiri patsogolo, ndi mumaganiza palibe zodziwika bwino. Mphamvu makamaka chifukwa pansi, kupatula mvula ndi chipale chofewa. Lake - thupi wapadera wa madzi. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti nthawi zina ndi amapereka moyo watsopano kwa mitsinje, osalola kuti ziume kunja. Chifukwa cha kukula kwake ndi makhalidwe a nyanja ali ndi malo pakati pa dziwe ndi nyanja. Pa dziko pali oposa 5 mamiliyoni Madamu deta yomwe zambiri TACHIMATA ndi 1.8% ya dziko.

Nyanja yaikulu kwambiri padziko lonse ali ndi ya Caspian. Ilibe kubwereketsa, yomwe ili m'malire a Asia ndi ku Ulaya. Madzi losiyana zili mkulu salt, amene ranges ku 0,05% 13% malinga madera.

bayou

Chotero kudzikundikira madzi - wosakhazikika chodabwitsa. Monga ulamuliro, izo anapanga pa madzi osefukira masika. mkazi Old ali floodplain. Iye kaŵirikaŵiri ndi madzi osefukira. Mtsinje, kusintha malangizo a bedi, kusiya kwambiri. Zitatero, iwo ali malo akazi achikulire. Bayou ndi mgodi zonse. Iwo akhoza kukangana pa makhalidwe ake ndiponso kusapezeka kwa otaya. Nthawi zambiri kumaoneka ngati chikwakwa kapena kuzungulira. Chifukwa chakuti madzi amasiya kubwera kwa oxbow nyanja, komabe kumeneko nthawi ngati m'nyanja. Kenako, awasungira kalekale mchenga ndi matope, ndipo patapita nthawi zina kwa nthawi adziwonetsa yosakongola dambo, chithaphwi kapena kwathunthu uphwetsa.

dziwe

Nthawi zambiri pali dziwe - dziwe. Adalenga munthu kuti kusunga nkhokwe madzi, amene kenako ntchito ulimi wothirira m'dziko, masewera, zofuna thanzi, kuswana mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nsomba ndi mbalame. Iwo nthawi zambiri amapezeka ciliates kapena copepods. Pali zambiri ndithu ndi carp, mumapezeka nsomba, carp ndi Nsombazi. Childs mchere otchedwa malo amene m'dera kuposa 1 miliyoni kiyubiki mamita ^3. Poyambirira, pafupi wina ndi mudzi umene okonzeka ndi otsika madzi, panali dziwe, nthawi zambiri analengedwa ndi anthu okha. Mphamvu yopezeka mvula, dothi, kawirikawiri madzi mtsinje. Nthawi zina amatunga ntchito kutisambitsa Nearby ndi mitsinje zosiyanasiyana kuipitsa.

M'madzi zamoyo thupi ndi mankhwala njira akutsatiridwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Ichi ndi chifukwa maonekedwe a mtundu ziwalo.
Mwatsoka, kuganiza kuti mtsinje - madzi, ndi olakwika. Iye - otaya madzi. Chachikulu kusiyana kwagona kuti m'mitsinje zonse zilipo kale pakati zimene pamapeto, zimakhudza mapangidwe nyama ndi zomera.