M'malire a dziko la Asia ndi Ulaya: nkhani ya maphunziro komanso chikhalidwe ndi mbiri yakale Mbali

Funso kumene malire a Asia ndi Ulaya, chidwi asayansi kwa zaka zambiri. Chifukwa cha ichi si kasinthidwe zonse zokhudza zomera, zinyama ndi nthaka m'dzikoli wathu, koma wina mbali ndale ndi umoyo ndi zachuma.

A mbali yofunika maganizo "malire a Asia ndi ku Ulaya," kusewera mapiri a Ural, komanso ntchito ya zaka asayansi XVII-XVIII. Monga izo ziri zodziwika bwino, mpaka kufufuza yogwira m'mayiko kum'maŵa Ural ankaona malire waukulu pakati Russia ndi Siberia Khanate. Ngakhale ndiye, m'deralo, ndi colonizers anati kusiyana kwambiri nyama ndi zomera, amene asunga malo otsetsereka zosiyanasiyana za mapiri.

M'malire a ku Ulaya ndi Asia pa mapu pakati pa XVIII anakonza mu France, kale alekanitsa awiriwa mbali ya dziko, ngakhale mzere wolekanitsa pakati pa zinthu ziwiri chokwanila si kwambiri Hrs monga khalidwe ndale ndiponso chikhalidwe. Ndipotu, woyamba lonena za sayansi pa phunziro akhoza la ntchito za Swedish ofufuza Filippa Stralenberga, lofalitsidwa mu 1730. Mu buku limeneli masamba oposa makumi awiri akhala zoyenera chakuti ndi mapiri a Ural ndipo muli malo malire a Asia ndi ku Ulaya.

Pafupifupi imodzi ndi ntchito Swede ku Russia imafalitsidwa kuphunzira VN Tatishchev, amene kale chinkhoswe mu chilengedwe cha zomera migodi, wasonyeza chidwi chachikulu malongosoledwe a dera limene dera Ural. Malinga ndi iye, iye anali wokhoza kuti atsimikizire Stralenberg kuti m'dera la mapiri a Ural ndipo ndi mzere wolekanitsa pakati pa Ulaya ndi Asia. Kuyambira riziki pafupifupi inasanduka axiom.

The malire pakati pa Ulaya ndi Asia pa mapu ndi chidwi kwambiri limaoneka lokongola. Choncho, mbali wakumpoto wa okulira pa kwathunthu superimposed pa malire a Republic of Komi, Yamal-Nenets ndi Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug. Izi zikuonekera bwino ndi chakuti onse a mtsinje kumadzulo kwa mzerewu kugwera mu mtsinje wa Volga, ndi kum'mawa - mu ob.

Ndiye malire a Asia ndi Ulaya akudutsa pakati Perm ndi Sverdlovsk m'madera ozama mu otsiriza pambuyo sitima "Asian" siteshoni. Zotsatira za okulira adza kwa Birch Mountain, kutembenuzira ndiye kuti Yekaterinburg. Msewu umenewu tsopano ali awiri losaiwalika chizindikiro - wakale ndi watsopano Moscow msewu, zomwe zimaimira okulira, koma palibe mmodzi wa iwo ali chimodzimodzi m'malire.

Choncho, positi akale ili kum'mwera. Chinthu ndi kuti akaidi, amene anagonjetsa ntchito ku Siberia, izo apa kuti tiwonana kwa Russia, ndipo adafuna kumgwira ndi uzitsine dziko lakwawo. Ndi malo ankaona okulira ndi kukamuona chaka cha 1737, tsogolo Mfumu Alexander II. Chizindikiro atsopanowo anapereka mu 2004 "likulu la Urals", komanso chikugwirizana ndi malire lawolawo. Koma chifukwa ili ndi zambiri prosaic: malowa yabwino kwambiri mawu kukopa alendo ndi chitukuko ndi zonse zofunikira zomangamanga.