Mwachidule yonena Pugacheva Emelyana: zazikulu

chidwi kwambiri wotchuka ndi Emelyan Pugachev. Mwachidule yonena za iye m'nkhani ino.

Njira ya moyo. Yambani ntchito

Iye anabadwa mu banja la Cossacks mu 1740 kapena 1742 (maganizo osiyanasiyana pa mphambu izi) m'mudzi Zimoveyskoy. Wambiri Pugacheva Yemelyan chidwi kwambiri kuphunzira, chifukwa anali mtsogoleri wa waukulu odana serfdom zipolowe mu Russian Ufumu, wotchedwa ndi Alimi 'nkhondo.

Pugachev anatenga gawo mu zaka zisanu ndi ziŵiri (1760-1762) ndi Chirasha Turkey (1768-1770) nkhondo. Mu 1770 iye anapangidwa Khorunzhiy. Wambiri Pugacheva Yemelyan limanena kuti chaka chamawa anathawa utumiki ku North Caucasus nalowa uko mu Terek asilikali. Mu 1772 iye anagwidwa mu Mozdok. Komabe Pugachev anakwanitsa kuthawa. Spring ndi yotentha ya chaka Yemelyan yomweyo anakhala akungoyendayenda padziko m'mudzi Okhulupirira Old 'pafupi Gomel ndi Chernigov, kumachita ngati schismatic a. M'dzinja iye anakakhala Volga Old Okhulupirira, ndipo kenako anapita ku tauni Yaik, amene mabodza Cossacks kuthawira ufulu gawo Zakubanye.

Wambiri Pugacheva Yemelyan limatiuza kuti mu 1773 anamumanga pambuyo anadzudzula napita Kazan, pamene iye anali m'ndende. Pugachev mlandu woukira boma. Pankhaniyi anali kuyezedwa ndi seneti mu ulendo Chinsinsi St. Petersburg. Pugachev analamulidwa kuti chilango ukapolo mu mzinda Trans-Ural Pelym. Tsarina Catherine Wachiwiri anavomereza chigamulo. Komabe, chikalata ndi chigamulochi akadzafika mu Kazan masiku atatu pambuyo ndege Yemelyan. Kufunafuna sanali zimapindulitsa.

Wambiri Pugacheva Yemelyan limasonyeza kuti May 1773rd anaonekera m'midzi Yaik Cossacks, ndipo mu August anasonkhana Cossack detachment amayi, mamembala a kupanduka kuletsedwa (1772). Anaganiza kuyamba kupanduka latsopano mu chiyembekezo kuti adzathandiza anthu ndi serfs. ntchito Izi zinachititsa Pugachev Emelyan Ivanovich. yonena ake amanena kuti iye anadzidziŵikitsa kupha Mfumu Peter III ndipo anapereka Ndondomeko imene iye anapereka Kalmyks, Cossacks ndi Chitata, amene anatumikira mu ankhondo, onse ufulu ndi udindo.

Komabe, opandukawo analibe bwino mozama mapulogalamu, ndipo maganizo pa zolinga za chiwembu sachoka kuthekera kupanga Cossack ndi m'mphawi boma ndi monga mfumu pa mutu. Nkhondo anatseguka ulendo pa Orenburg. Mu December 1773 asilikali Pugacheva kale 86 mfuti anthu 25 sauzande. utsogoleli wa asilikali n'kuwagwira analengedwa ndi usilikali Collegium. Iye ankagwira ntchito pakati ndale. Maziko a asilikali anali Cossacks.

zolakwa amapha

Ngakhale zochita za chiwembu ndipo anasonyeza kuti Pugachev akanatha gulu ndi luso asilikali, koma zinali zoipa kwambiri. Mmalo mopita ku kukwera mu dera Volga, amene anali wokonzekera kuti athyole monga onga iye ankachita nawo kuzinga Orenburg ndi mipanda ena. Chifukwa cha ichi, Pugachev mwapang'ono m'dera zisudzo ndi anaphonya nthawi imene inali yofunika kwa kuphatikiza la zigawenga. Ngakhale kupanduka ankafotokoza bwinobwino, ndipo anagwidwa mbali yaikulu ya Region Orenburg, zigawo Tobolsk ndi Kazan maiko, koma boma linali sindikugona.

Kumapeto kwa nkhondo Chirasha Turkey anamasula anaumitsa ndewu olemera ndi kulangidwa mbali zonse za asilikali Russian. opandukawo kugonjetsedwa amavutika. Wambiri Pugacheva Yemelyan limati mndandanda zomvetsa akungoganizira akuluakulu tsarist ake apadera achiwembuwo kwa zachilengedwe. The Senate walamula mtsogoleri wa kugalukira ndi anayi anzake pafupi imfa. Pugachev anaphedwa January 10, 1775 pa Bolotnaya Square (Moscow).