Gulu la arrhythmias mtima

Malinga ndi zomwe zamankhwala, mu malo oyamba mwa matenda onse ndi matenda a mtima ndi mtima dongosolo. Kodi n'chiyani chinachititsa zimenezi? Boma la zinthu zoipa zambiri zimakhudza dongosolo mtima. Mmodzi wa iwo - ndi nkhawa komanso kusowa nthawi kupuma mokwanira. A udindo sizabwino kukula kwa pathologies izi masewero ndi mpweya. Koma munthu akuvutika osati kuchokera Kuwonjezeka kwa mavuto onse zachilengedwe. Thanzi la anthu okhala padziko lathuli kungasokoneze kwa mphepo maginito. Ku Kasupe izi pa Sun makamaka zoipa amaona chimodzimodzi mitima. Siteji yoyamba ya pathologies lalikulu, nthawi zambiri pachiswe amene arrhythmia amapha amakhala.

Akamanena za matenda

Nthawi zambiri mawu akuti "arrhythmia" si anazindikira mwa ife monga matenda. Koma musachite zimenezi ngati wakuswa thanzi mosaganiza bwino. Mwachibadwa, chiwerengero cha mkwapulo sayenera oposa 90 kwa miniti. Ngati ili ndi phindu sayenera zosakwana 70. Koma anthu ambiri zambiri silidziŵika. Ndipo, monga ulamuliro, sitilamulira kugunda kwa mtima wanu, osati kukaona cardiologist ndipo sudzatha pa kanthu yake, ndi ECG. Komabe, zimenezi ndi muyeso wotsikitsitsa kwa kuteteza umoyo wawo.

A zambiri zolephera thupi ofunika kwambiri monga mtima, akhoza osati kuteteza, komanso kuti asiye. Ndipo belu choyamba pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa miyeso onena ndi kupatuka pang'ono anthu mungoli anapereka, omwe amaonedwa ponseponse.

Ena mwa zifukwa zomwe pali kusintha mlingo wa zimachitika, ali motere:

- kutopa;
- amphamvu nkhawa;
- ndi ambiri osokoneza mowa;
- kobadwa nako matenda a mtima.

Arrhythmia Mfundo yagona kuti ndi kuphwanya dongosolo mtima.

Cardiologists kuonetsetsa madigiri osiyanasiyana azikhala kupatuka amenewa. Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala chosavuta anatumikira wotere yoti pafupipafupi anakhumba si zokwanira zikoti zochepa chabe. Komabe, odwala zowawa zambiri kuchokera kuwonjezeka kwambiri chidule m'mnyewa wamtima. Ndi zoopsa kwambiri kwa anthu ndi akhoza chakupha.

yonse ya matenda

Yunifolomu gulu la arrhythmias panopa akusowa. Ichi ndi chifukwa pa zokambirana zonse kupitirirabe pa malo, amene ayenera kuikidwa mu maziko ake. Inde, ngakhale kuphunzira kale zaka zakubadwa sayansi matenda, chifukwa analakalaka mankhwala ake a akatswiri sanalandire.

Mwachitsanzo, akuti mu 2014 kuti arrhythmia gulu m'gulu zitatu zoyambirira za pathologies. Pakati pawo:

1. Arrhythmias n'zabwinobwino Poyankha, akuwonetseredwa mu zikhalidwe za anatengera, koma kuyambitsa matenda ena, chifukwa oopsa chamoyo.
2. Arrhythmias akuwuka kwa lamulo la zochitika mtima.
3. Arrhythmias chifukwa cha disorganization antivolnovogo kugwira ntchito kwa minofu mtima.

Gulu la arrhythmias mtima (WHO) kupeza magulu atatu lalikulu pathologies izi. Zikuphatikizapo matenda otsatirawa:

- mapangidwe chifukwa cha kuswa mu dongosolo mtima wa zimachitika magetsi;
- kugwirizana ndi matenda conduction;
- amaphatikizidwa mtundu chifukwa cha onse woyamba ndi chifukwa chachiwiri.

Arrhythmia zimagawidwa ndi chifukwa cha anachokera. Choncho, akutali kobadwa nako, anapeza ndi idiopathic kudwala. Woyamba wa mitundu awa atatu anapezeka kuchokera pamene maonekedwe a munthu pa dziko. Idiopathic arrhythmia analengedwa ndi chosadziwika. Monga matenda yotengedwa, kumachitika mu moyo wa wodwalayo komanso ndi chifukwa cha matenda ena oopsa kwambiri, kuphatikizapo - inatsekeratu matenda a mtima, matenda a shuga ndi matenda oopsa.

Mu chochitika cha arrhythmia mtima minofu njira poyamba aja, akupitirizabe kutulutsa magazi. Komabe, kudwala ingathandize kuti chitukuko cha pathologies monga thromboembolism ndi matenda a mtima. Ndipo amalankhula za kuopsa arrhythmia.

Kuphwanya kugunda kwa mtima

Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa chitukuko cha kudwala. Pa nkhani imeneyi, pali gulu la arrhythmias kufunika kugunda kwa mtima. Pamafunikanso:

1. nkusani tachycardia. kudwala izi chikugwirizana ndi kuphwanya nkusani mfundo zomwe ndi limagwirira waukulu wa zikhumbo mtima magetsi.

Pamene mtundu wa mlingo tachycardia mtima kuposa pakhomo chapamwamba wofanana zikwapu makumi asanu ndi anayi pa mphindi. okhumudwa ndi maganizo wodwala monga kugunda kwa mtima ndi.
2. Nkusani arrhythmia. kudwala Izi ndi zolakwika kusinthana kwa ndalama mtima. Nthawi zambiri, nkusani arrhythmia anaona ana ndi achinyamata. Nthawi zambiri zinchito ndipo ali ndi kugwirizana ndi mpweya wa. Pa inhalation kugunda pafupipafupi, ndipo pamene inu kutulutsa M'malo mwake, osowa kwambiri.
3. nkusani bradycardia. chizindikiro Aika ndi kuchepetsa mlingo mtima kumenyedwa 55 pa mphindi. zodabwitsazi zingaoneke ngakhale anthu athanzi ndi mphamvu pogona kapena kupumula.
4. paroxysmal matenda fibrillation. Pankhaniyi, pali amphamvu mtima palpitations, ndi kayendedwe bwino. kugunda kwa mtima mwa anthu nthawi zina ukufika kumenyedwa 240 pa mphindi imodzi. Pa nthawi yomweyo, izo zimayambitsa kufooka ndi pallor, kuchuluka thukuta, ndi lightheadedness. Chifukwa zodabwitsazi ndi zilakolako zina akuwuka mu atria lapansi. Chifukwa, maonekedwe awo ndi kuchepetsa yolimba kwambiri ya nthawi zina minofu m'mnyewa wamtima.
5. Paroxysmal tachycardia. kudwala ndi zolondola, koma kawirikawiri kwambiri kayendedwe ka minofu mtima. kugunda kwa mtima mu nkhani iyi ndi mu osiyanasiyana kumenyedwa 140 240 pa mphindi imodzi. mankhwala Paroxysmal, monga ulamuliro, achiwembu ndi kusiyiratu mwadzidzidzi.
6. Arrythmia. Mtundu wa arrhythmia ndi zapadera (msanga) kuchepetsa minofu m'mnyewa wamtima. Pankhaniyi, munthu akhoza kumva kenaka utentha mamba ndi kumakula mu mtima, ndipo anayamba ake.

Kuthandiza cardiologist

The yabwino kwambiri mfundo za view imatengedwa kwa gulu la arrhythmias Kuszakowski. magulu atatu a pathologies m'gulu izo. Pa nthawi yomweyo iwo muli nkhani za anthu onse a pathologies izi. Tiyeni tikambirane kufanizitsa, womwenso gulu la arrhythmias.

Kuvutika mu formations mungoli

gulu tichipeza atatu kum'mwera zigawo. Mu woyamba, ndilo gulu la arrhythmias zimatulutsa mu kalata "A", kulowa nomotopnye kudwala. Nawonso ndi kuphwanya mfundo nkusani. Mu kumasulidwa izi:

1. nkusani tachycardia.
2. nkusani barikardiyu.
3. nkusani arrhythmia.
4. SSS, kapena matenda, odwala nkusani.

Yotsatira boma gawo zikuphatikizapo ectopic zimayambitsa arrhythmia za mtima.

Gawo limatchula mndandanda wa pathologies pansi kalata "B". Chigawo Izi zikuphatikizapo matenda chifukwa kaimbidwe heterotopic kuti chikanachitika mogwirizana ndi predominance wa automatism mu malo ectopic. mndandanda Izi zikuphatikizapo:

1. wogwirizira (m'mbuyo) ndi ndege kunja mungoli maofesi, kuphatikizapo matenda ndi yamitsempha yamagazi komanso ku AV-mankhwala
2. Ataliatali anati mu pacemaker supraventricular.
3. Neparoksizmalnye mitundu ya tachycardia kapena kaimbidwe inapita patsogolo monga ectopic.

Chigawo zotsatirazi n'chakuti si kuphwanya automaticity wa arrhythmia mtima. Gawo chimasiyanitsa deta kudwala pansi kalata "B". Njirazi ndi monga:

1. extrasystole (yamitsempha yamagazi, matenda, ndi AV mankhwala).
2. paroxysmal tachycardia maganizo.
3. matenda flutter.
4. fibrillation (kukulowa) atria.
5. yamitsempha yamagazi fibrillation.

Chisokonezo conduction

gulu Izi zikuphatikizapo angapo ena arrhythmias yamitsempha yamagazi.

Gawo Kuszakowski allocates kuti izi:

1. sinoatrial chipika.
2. intraatrial chipika.
3. AV chipika.
4. intraventricular anatseka misewu nthambi Wake mtolo, kuphatikizapo mono-, bio- ndi triofaostsikulyarnye kudwala zokhudza ankalemekeza nthambi imodzi, awiri kapena atatu a mtolo atrioventricular.
5. yamitsempha yamagazi asystole.
6. Syndromes msanga yamitsempha yamagazi malemeredwe.

Tikaphatikiza kudwala mungoli

gulu Izi zikuphatikizapo matendawa:

1. Paraksistopiyu.
2. kaimbidwe Ectopic yodziwika ndi blockage wa kuchoka pa.
3. AV dissociation.

chiwembu lonse

M'pofunikanso kuti mu mtima wa matenda monga arrhythmia, amene gulu amaona magulu pafupifupi momwemo. Mu kudwala izi lagawidwa matenda chifukwa cha zifukwa zosiyanasiyana kugwira ntchito matenda a mtima minofu. Choncho, WHO kupeza magulu awa a arrhythmia:

1. chifukwa cha zipolowe za automaticity, kuphatikizapo:

a) pacemakers mu mfundo nkusani (tachycardia nkusani, arrhythmia ndi barikardiyu ndi SSS ndipo sanali kupuma nkusani arrhythmia);
b) pacemakers kunja mfundo nkusani (nizhepredserdny, atrioventikulyarny ndi kaimbidwe idioventikulyarnye).

2. Itanani matenda a excitability, kuphatikizapo:

a) chifukwa magwero kudwala (yamitsempha yamagazi, matenda ndi atrioventikulyarnye);
b) chiwerengero cha magwero (mono- ndi polytropic);
c) Nthawi yatsoka: oyambirira (pa chidule matenda), kenako (nthawi yosangalala a minofu mtima) ndi palembali (ndi kutanthauzira mfundo pakati pa chidule matenda ndi zosangalatsa kwa mtima);
d) pafupipafupi: gulu (ndi mzere angapo), nthunzi (ziwiri), unit (zisanu kapena zochepa) ndipo angapo (zoposa zisanu);
d) kwa kulamula (quadrigemini, trigeminy, bigeminy);
e) paroxysmal tachycardia.

3. conduction chisokonezo anachititsa, i.e. kuonjezera izo (WPW-syndrome) kapena kuchepa (osiyanasiyana kutsekedwa).

4. obwerawa (kukulowa / ventricles / atria flutter).

mitundu yonse ya matenda ndi limodzi kuyan'anila osati kapangidwe anatomical za mtima. Amatsogolera ndi vutoli ndi njira zonse kagayidwe kachakudya zikuchitika mu mnofu infarction. Izi ndi zosiyana mu chikhalidwe ndi nthawi ya arrhythmias. Ikani matenda woona angakhoze kokha cardiologist. Iwo adzaika chifukwa cha arrhythmias mtima, gulu, etiology, pathogenesis, mawonetseredwe matenda pamaziko a deta electrocardiographic.

Ciliated mtundu wa kudwala

Maziko a mtundu wa gulu matenda m'gulu chikhalidwe kumene ake matenda, zimagwirira electrophysiological ndi zinthu etiological.

Kodi matenda fibrillation? Gawo limatchula mitundu zotsatirazi kuti:

- aakulu (zonse);
- kakamirani;
- chosakhalitsa (paroxysmal), mpaka maola 24 kuti masiku asanu ndi awiri.

Mu njira imeneyi aakulu ndi chosalekeza kudwala angathe kukhala kobwereza.

Amagwiritsidwanso kusiyana ndi mtundu wa matenda fibrillation kumenyedwa mtima. Choncho olekanitsidwa flutter ndi matenda fibrillation.

Pakuti pafupipafupi ndi zomwe ventricles ndi kuchepetsedwa, kusiyanitsa matenda fibrillation:

- tahistolicheskuyu (nthawi 90 kapena kupitirira mphindi);
- normosistolicheskuyu (nthawi 60-90 pamphindi);
- bradisistolicheskuyu (nthawi zosakwana 60 pa mphindi).

kumenyedwa

Izi zosinthika ndi kudwala yodziwika ndi contractions zodabwitsa minofu mtima kapena ziwalo munthu (extrasystoles). Pa nthawi yomweyo munthu amene akumverera nkhawa, kufupika kwa mpweya, ndi kutsogolera olimba mtima kapena kuchepa mphamvu. kudwala kawirikawiri zimenezi zimathandiza kuti angina ndi zipolowe mu makope ubongo.

kumenyedwa iliyonse yodziwika ndi osiyanasiyana magawo. N'chifukwa chake zigawo zoposa khumi panamveka pa gulu yake. Komabe, ntchito zothandiza zimatulutsa okhawo amene angathe maximally pafupifupi kuganizira njira za matendawa.

Gulu la arrhythmias Udzu anali wofunika kwambiri mu mbiri ya cardiology. Ntchito grouping okonza mankhwala ogwira ntchito amatha mokwanira kuwunika mauthenga amene analipo pa wodwalayo komanso kuopsa kwa kudwala wa madziwo. chakuti chapamimba mtima ukugunda (VPB) ndi ambiri kwambiri. kudwala Izi zimawonedwa pafupifupi makumi asanu peresenti ya odwala amene kukaonana ndi cardiologist. Mu ena a iwo matenda ndi mtima wabwino ndi moyo pachiswe palokha wosachita. Komabe, pali odwala amene wapezeka ndi zilonda mawonekedwe PVCs, chimene chimafuna inayake mwachindunji mankhwala.

The Ntchito yaikulu kuchitika ndi gulu la udzu, ndi kudzipatula zilonda ku chosaopsa kudwala. Pankhaniyi, pali makalasi asanu matendawa:

1. monomorphic yamitsempha yamagazi extrasystole, amene pafupipafupi - zosakwana 30 pa ola limodzi.
2. PVCs monomorphic ndi pafupipafupi oposa 30 pa ola limodzi.
3. politopnye.
4. kalasi lachinayi allocated Ndime awiri (wophatikizidwa PVCs ndi tachycardia yamitsempha yamagazi pamene atatu kapena kuposa zotsatizana PVCs).
5. extrasystole pamene R-yoweyula choyamba 4/5 yoweyula T.

Gawo ili wapeza ntchito zake cardiology ndi opaleshoni ya mtima. Kwa zaka zambiri, ntchito ndi madokotala ena. Kutchula mu 1971, anthu mchirikizo wodalirika akatswiri pa unsembe arrhythmia gulu ndi chithandizo cha kudwala izi.