Kodi kukonzekera pansi chifukwa chodzala? ndi dziko labwino kwa mbande chiyani?

Chaka Chatsopano amabwera mu zake. M'munda wa chisanu ndi ozizira. Komabe, anali woyamba alimi yozizira masamba kutsegula nyengo. ndi chifukwa chotero kufesa oyambirira chiyani? Izi makamaka kulima masamba, amene chofunika kukhwima luso masiku 90 mpaka 150. Mmera njira limachititsa kufulumizitsa yakucha wa zipatso. Tsiku kufesa mbewu mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi zimadalira chikhalidwe munthu ndi osiyanasiyana. Mu kudziŵa seeding aziwerenga kutentha koyenera kuti mbewu. sayenera kuthamangira. Zimenezi zingachititse kuti kuchepetsa ubwino wa mbewu.

zinthu zazikulu kupeza chuma kubzala

Kupeza zokoma za masamba zimatengera mtundu wa mbewu. Kupeza apamwamba kubzala zakuthupi ndi zofunika:

• ntchito mbewu khalidwe;
• presowing chithandizo mbewu;
• kusunga ikukhudzana kuwala ndi modes madzi.

Koma musanayambe kukonza mbewu ndi kuyamba kubzala, muyenera kusamalira muli ndi mmera ndi dothi.

kukonzekera nthaka

Kodi kukonzekera pansi chifukwa chodzala? Funso ili yofunika kwambiri kwa kukula zomera m'nyumba. alimi Opusa samapereka chidwi chokwanira nkhaniyi. Chifukwa, mbewu akutulukira kuyamba kupweteka ndi kufa. Yesetsani kumvetsa chifukwa chake. Posankha nthaka akhoza chitani mu njira zingapo:

• kugula okonzeka zopangidwa nthaka;
• akonze dongosolo nthaka paokha.

Wokonzeka phunziroli angapezeke mu masitolo zapaderazi. Kawirikawiri ndi zemlesmes chilengedwe anafuna kuti kulima mbewu masamba. Koma potengera zimene zinachitikira alimi ambiri, tikhoza kunena motsimikiza kuti chodalirika njira yachiwiri ntchito nthaka. Ndi bwino kuti achenjezedwe zapatsogolo ndi kukonzekera mu yophukira lake.

zofunikira kwa kapangidwe wa nthaka chifukwa mbande masamba

Pamaso Konzani malo kubzala, tiyenera kuziganizira kwambiri. The zikuchokera nthaka awonetsetse chitukuko zabwinobwino komanso kukula kwa izi kapena kuti chikhalidwe masamba. Kuti dziko lino ziyeneretso zotsatirazi:

• chonde;
• zili chofunika anapereka kwa microelements;
• ndale mlingo wa acidity;
• friability ndi permeability chokwanira;
• pakalibe mbewu udzu ndi tizirombo;
• Kupha matenda ndi poizoni.

The zigawo zikuluzikulu ntchito yokonza gawo lapansi ndi zemlesmesi

Ankakonda dziko kubzala akhoza kukonza ntchito zosiyanasiyana zigawo zikuluzikulu organic ndi zochita kupanga ku magawanidwe mosamalitsa kumatanthauza. Monga ulamuliro, mu kapangidwe kake monga zigawo zitatu kapena zinayi.

Kuwaika pansi - ndi wosanjikiza pamwamba pa nthaka, yokutidwa ndi udzu. Iwo kukolola m'chilimwe kapena m'dzinja. Wosweka fosholo woonda wosanjikiza dothi aikidwa mu chidebe ntchito zina. Ikani pansi kuwaika pambuyo maphunziro apadera. Komanso asanayambe ntchito, izo pansi kutenthetsa mankhwala. Ntchito ngati maziko a dothi kubzala.

Peat (kavalo, kusintha kapena m'zigwa) - decomposing zomera akufa. Zawachitikira nthaka ndi organic ndi bwino matabwa ake.

Sphagnum Moss - chomera osatha. Monga mbali ya kusakaniza dothi ndi irreplaceable. Vaccum Moss bwino khalidwe nthaka, amene akukhala dongosolo akumakhalira. Natural antibacterial katundu wa zomera - chida chachikulu ku muzu zowola.

Utuchi - zinyalala nkhuni pambuyo processing. Imakhala looseness ndi permeability nthaka.

Kompositi - ndi linakwiriridwa ndi tizilombo organic zinthu. Iye ndi wabwino kwambiri mpweya achilengedwe. The zili humus ndi mchere amapereka zakudya zomera.

Sand ntchito kuonjezera nthaka porosity ndi friability. Imalimbikitsa malowedwe a chinyontho ndi mpweya ku mizu ya mbande. Ikani dongosolo coarse.

Coir - kokonati. Ntchito yokonza magawo.

Vermiculite - ndi mchere wokhala ndi mbale magawo. Ndi mphamvu zabwino chinyezi, chigawo ichi kumathandiza kuyanika kuchokera mu nthaka.

Perlite - opepuka zinthu porous. Kupeza zipangizo chiphala pansi chithandizo matenthedwe. Kuwonjezera perlite kusakaniza dothi kuvumbitsira lotayirira ndi breathable. Komanso bwino madzi-likhale mphamvu zemlesmesi.

Kuwonjezera zigawo pamwamba, ndi pritenyayut ena kuti kuonjezera chinyezi wokhutira, monga:

• hydrogel;
• kukodzedwa dongo;
• ong'ambika thovu.

Kuchepetsa acidity wa nthaka lipindulitsa kugwiritsa ntchito zigawo zikuluzikulu kutsatira:

• laimu ufa laimu;
• choko;
• dolomite ufa.

Land pansi mbande ayenera kukhala okonzeka kubzala. Workpiece zigawo kuthana nazo mu kugwa. Kuzisunga makontena a pulasitiki pa kutentha ziro.

Zigawo kuti sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza nthaka

Kuti chodzala zakuthupi anali amphamvu ndi athanzi, musanayambe kukonza malo kubzala, muyenera kudziwa za zigawo zikuluzikulu zomwe si zofunika ntchito osakaniza dothi. Nthawi zambiri pali funso pa ntchito m'dziko m'mundamu. Izi ndi osafunika. Chifukwa chake n'chakuti kungakhale mbewu pano namsongole ndi matenda owononga. nthaka Izi zikhoza kukhala tizilombo , nyongolotsi. Komanso m'nthaka simungakwaneko manyowa atsopano. Osagwiritsa mwana kompositi ndi Popanda kuchitapo kanthu kuwaika nthaka.

Kukonzekera kwa dothi mbande

Pamaso kukonza dziko chifukwa chodzala kudziwa nthaka zikuchokera kwa chikhalidwe makamaka. Kukula masamba ena ali mbali payekha. Ndipo ndithudi, zikuchokera nthaka angakhale osiyana. Land kwa mbande phwetekere akhoza kukhala zikuchokera zotsatirazi:

• magawo awiri a kuwaika dziko;
• gawo limodzi kompositi kapena peat;
• wina mbali mchenga kapena perlite.

dziko busa anaikidwa chidebe chochuluka. Izo ziyenera mulibe apezeka iliyonse. Phunziroli n'kuukanda ndi wosakaniza bwino. Kuti izi Chinawonjezeka kompositi kapena peat. Earth osakaniza ayenera kukhala homogeneous. Pambuyo kuwonjezera mchenga kapena pearlite kugwirizanitsa zigawo zikuluzikulu zonse za dothi bwino losanganikirana. Land kwa mbande ya phwetekere anakonza. Iwo anasamutsa mu muli chifukwa chodzala mbewu.

mbande Land tsabola akhoza kukhala mofanana tomato. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito dongosolo losiyana:

• zidutswa zitatu za sod dziko;
• wina mbali kompositi;
• gawo limodzi la utuchi;
• gawo limodzi mchenga.

Land chifukwa chodzala tsabola ndi tomato anakonzeratu. mlungu umodzi isanafike seeding pansi kugawira mbande mphamvu ndi moisturize pinki njira ya permanganate potaziyamu. Ndiye mukhoza kuwonjezera feteleza mchere ndi phulusa.

Gawo lapansi Kukonzekera kwa mbewu masamba

Mbali yaikulu ya zikuchokera nthaka pamwamba pa dziko lapansi. Komabe n'zotheka kulima dziko popanda mbewu. Chifukwa chaichi, mmalo mwa nthaka mwachizolowezi kukonzekera magawo. Imodzi mwa njira ya chodzala kapangidwe mwina:

• zidutswa ziwiri tchipisi nkhuni;
• gawo limodzi mchenga.

Losatheka osangalatsa mbande kukula angathe kutumikira kokonati gawo lapansi. Iwo kuwapeza peel a kokonati. gawo lapansi uyu ali ndi ntchito zabwino, pa akuluakulu ndi sterility ndi waubwenzi zachilengedwe. Izi osakaniza moyenera chonde ndi madzi abwino ndi permeability mpweya. Kapenanso, kukula mbande ya piritsi kokonati - mbamuikha kokonati.

Kuwonjezera kokonati gawo lapansi, n'zotheka ntchito peat gawo lapansi. Chifukwa cha izo ndi zinthu zachilengedwe - peat.

njira zamakono za chuma kubzala kulima

njira zatsopano za mbeu zimene zamera kuthetsa kufunika nthaka ndi gawo lapansi. Chifukwa chaichi, utuchi, pepala kapena hydrogel. mmera kulima popanda dziko amalola danga yochepa kuti kubzala zakuthupi zokwanira. Kulima pa mbewu pepala presoaked. Kenako anaika pa nsalu yonyowa pokonza anaikidwa chidebe pulasitiki. Pamwamba pa pogona polyethylene awo. Kodi motere ndi nsalu linakhathamira. Zitamera mbewu nthawi zonse wothira. Kutentha sayenera kugwa m'munsimu madigiri 25.

Pakuti kulima mbewu masamba angagwiritsidwe ntchito chonyowa utuchi. Mbewu yofesedwa pa mankhwala otentha filings madzi. Mbande aphimbidwa chidebe filimu. Postemergence filimu atachotsedwa. Akasinja wokwera pa malo bwino anayatsa. Care ndi wokhazikika madzi okwanira. Amapezanso 2 subcortical mullein.

mmera kulima popanda dziko ubwino yake. Waukulu wa iwo - ndi wosabala. Iwo kumatha kuthekera chotenga matenda, mbewu ya namsongole ndi tizirombo.