Italy mu nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse. Zotsatira za nkhondo ya dziko

Monga tikudziwa, Nazi Germany pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World, panali 2 angakuthandizeni chachikulu, amene anadzipereka anathandiza Hitler ndi anali ndi zolinga zawo zandale ndiponso zachuma. Ngati Germany, Italy panthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri zowawa yaikulu zomvetsa anthu ndi chuma.

Policy Benito Mussolini anatsogolera Italy kunkhondo

Mu chitukuko cha 30s Italy ndi German anali ndi zambiri zofanana. m'mayiko awiriwa akhala amphamvu chuma, koma kuletsedwa kayendedwe aliyense amatsutsa anakhazikitsa opondereza boma. Ideologist wa Fascism Italy anali nduna yaikulu ya dziko la Benito Mussolini. munthuyu anali ndi makhalidwe monarchical, koma simungathe kunena kuti, monga Hitler anali kukonzekera nkhondo. Ndi chiyambi cha Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World, dziko ake sanali chuma ndi wokonzeka ndale. Cholinga chachikulu cha Benito Mussolini - chilengedwe cha chuma amphamvu opondereza boma.

Mussolini zimene wakhala akwaniritsa mpaka 1939? Tingaonenso zinthu zingapo:

- polimbana ulova kudzera kukhazikitsa dongosolo la ntchito boma onse;

- kutambasuka kwa dongosolo mabasi ndi magalimoto, amene bwino ubale pakati pa mizinda ndi dziko lonse;

- kukula kwa chuma Italy.

Mmodzi wa zovuta wa Mussolini anali lathu wake expansionist. Izi ndi zotsatira zoipa kwambiri kwa dziko mwamsanga 1943.

Italy mu nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse siteji koyamba

dziko lino kwapita kuti nkhondoyo mochedwa zokwanira. Italy mu nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse anayamba kutenga mbali ndi June 1940. Chinthu chachikulu, chimene saloledwa kulowa nkhondo pamaso - ndi kusafuna mtheradi wa asilikali ndi chuma cha ntchito yogwira nkhondo.

Woyamba kanthu yogwira Mussolini anali kulengeza nkhondo a Great Britain ndi France. Italy analowa nkhondo pambuyo asilikali Wehrmacht wotanganidwa lonse la Scandinavia, mayiko ambiri ku Ulaya anayamba kumenyana pa nthaka French. Kusanthula njira ya zochitika, tikhoza kunena kuti Italy analowa nkhondo wapanikizidwa Germany. Hitler pa zaka 1939-1940 ankapitapitanso ku Rome kukakamiza chiyambi cha zochita yogwira ya Mussolini adani wamba.

Nazi konse ndinaganiza Italy abwenzi kwambiri. Italy mu nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse kudzapereka lamulo lililonse ku Berlin. Pa lonse mbali Italy ku nkhondo asilikali ake anabalalika mosintha pa amadzibisa onse a nkhondo, kuphatikizapo mu Africa. Ngati ife kulankhula za ntchito mwangwiro nkhondo, kachitidwe koyamba mbali boma Italy mu nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse bomba la Malta June 11, 1940.

Zochita za asilikali Italy mu August 1940 - January 1941

Malinga ndi dongosolo la asilikali ankhondo a Mussolini, tikhoza kuona bwinobwino mbali ziwiri kuukira pomenyana mbali. Pendani waukulu amanyansidwa Italy:

- mliri wa Egypt 13 September 1940. Asilikali anasamuka ku Libya, amene kalekale Pokhala Italy. Cholinga - analanda mzinda wa Alexandria.

- Mu August 1940 anali kuukira motsogozedwa Kenya ndi British Somaliland ku dera la Ethiopia.

- Mu October 1940, ku Italy anaukira Greece ku Albania. Iwo anali mu nkhondo izi asilikali anakumana woyamba atangokanidwa kwambiri. Chinavumbula unpreparedness lathunthu nkhondo, ndi kufooka kwa asilikali Italy.

Italy kugonjetsedwa

Tsoka la Italy mu nkhondo imeneyi, mfundo, anali zomveka kwambiri. chuma sindikanakhoza kupirira katundu, chifukwa panali amphamvu kwambiri usilikali malamulo, amene makampani sanathe kuchita. Chifukwa cha kusowa zipangizo ndi tsinde mafuta wonunkhira chofunika. Italy pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World, makamaka nzika wamba, wakhala akumenya mwamphamvu.

Fotokozani ankhondo a 1941-1942 sizimatanthauza. Kumenyana zinachitika yosiyana bwino. asilikali Mussolini nthawi zambiri wogonjetsedwa. Anthu pang'onopang'ono narostaet zionetsero chowala, amene unaonekera mu revitalization wa chikominisi ndi kayendedwe zokomera, cholimbikitsa ntchito za mabungwe ogwira ncthito.

Mu 1943, Italy anali kale ofooka kwambiri ndi wotopa ndi nkhondoyo. Kukumanizana adani zinali zosatheka, kotero atsogoleri a dziko (kupatula Mussolini) anaganiza pang'onopang'ono kubweretsa dziko kunja kwa nkhondo.

M'chaka cha 1943 ku Italy ndi ndegeyo la asilikali odana ndi Hitler mgwirizano.

Italy pambuyo Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World

Ganizirani za zotsatira za nkhondo kwa dziko ili. Iwo akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu angapo: ndale, chuma ndi chikhalidwe.

Waukulu chifukwa ndale anali kugwa kwa ulamuliro wa Benito Mussolini ndi dziko adzabweranso m'njira demokalase chitukuko. Icho chinali chinthu chokha chimene zabwino zimene zinabweretsa nkhondo pa pachilumbachi.

zotsatira Economic:

- kuchepa yopanga GDP ndi maulendo 3;

- misa ulova (yololedwa mwalamulo oposa 2 miliyoni anthu amene anali kufunafuna malo a ntchito);

- kwambiri mabizinesi anawonongedwa pa nkhondoyo.

Italy mu nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse unachitikira akapolo awiri opondereza ndale, omwe unatha chifukwa.

zotsatira Social:

- asilikali Italy pambuyo Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World, iwo anamuphonya oposa 450 zikwi anaphedwa ndipo ambiri anavulazidwa;

- mu ankhondo pa nthawi imeneyo iwo ambiri anali achinyamata, kotero imfa yawo zinachititsa kuti mavuto zaziwerengero - ana pafupifupi wani miliyoni sitinabadwe.

Pomaliza

Pakutha pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World, Italy anali ofooka kwambiri chuma. N'chifukwa chake chiwerengero zonse kukula maphwando chikominisi ndi zokomera mvetsetsa awo pa moyo wa boma. Kuthetsa mavuto mu 1945-1947 oposa 50% katundu wamba nationalized ku Italy. Waukulu mphindi andale a theka lachiwiri la 40s wa - mu 1946, Italy mwalamulo wodzilamula.

Ndi chitukuko demokalase la Italy salinso anapita konse.