Ancient Macedonia - Ufumu wa mafumu awiri

Mawu "Macedonia" amatanthauza "mkulu dziko". gawo ili la Greece ali ndi kuthekera kwambiri. Natural ndi anthu chuma akhoza kaduka a chigawo china chilichonse. Koma kwa nthawi yaitali sanadutsitse mtsogoleri amene anagwiritsa ntchito mwanzeru mphamvu zake zonse.

Kuchokera molapitsa wolakika

mafuko zachilendo ankakhala m'mphepete mwa kumpoto kwa Greece. Pa chikhalidwe chawo, chinenero ndi miyambo potengera Agiriki ndi Thracians anansi. Pakuti lonse la dziko wakale Makedoniya akhala anakhalabe akunjawo, ignoramuses ndi "otsika kalasi" anthu.

Ancient Macedonia anali kwambiri ubwino mbiri yakale, kuti akhale mmodzi mwa maufumu amphamvu kwambiri a dziko. Greece wagwetsedwa ndi nkhondo ndi Sparta, yomwe inatenga zaka 27, ndi zosokoneza pang'ono. Komanso, nthawi yomweyo atagwa Athens ndiponso mizinda ina anayamba kumenyana wina ndi mzake kuti Championship lapansi. Kufika mavuto kwambiri ndi Perisiya wakale, dzuwa Achaemenes adagulung'undisa ndi kuchepa kwa mafumu a. Chifukwa kuukira zonse imawonongeka Egypt.

Inasanduka panasinthira kwa mbiri ya 359 BC. e. m'chigawo lakutali Greek walunjika dvadtsatitrehletny Mfumu Philip. Motsogozedwa wake, iye anabadwa Ancient Macedonia. Koma sanali kokha tate wa ufumu, komanso anatsegula mphepo wachiwiri kwa Agiriki.

zimakupiza wa Greece

Philip anabadwa mu likulu la Macedonia - Pella, mu banja lachifumu. Anakwera mpando zochitika wamagazi. Chifukwa cha ndewu anali mayi wa Filipo, Eurydice, amene analinso ndi mwamuna wa mwana wake. Iye analamula anaphedwa ndi mfumu.

Iye anali m'malo ndi m'bale wake Perdiccas, amene anaphedwa ndi adani 359 BC. e. Ndiyeno Filipo anakhala mfumu ya Macedonia m'malo mphwake zazing'ono. Koma kenako athana ndi chidaliro wa asilikali, iye anachotsa wolowa ndipo anatenga mpando wachifumu. Kuti icho chakhala kukodzedwa ku zigawo osauka a ufumuwo kukula kwa amene amadziwika kuti Ancient Macedonia. Mbiri ya kukhazikitsidwa kwa boma anayamba ndi asilikali kusintha wolamulira. Njira ina kupambana anakhala kazembe.

Philip anali woyamba mfuti asilikali ake ndi mikondo yaitali (mamita asanu). Chifukwa cha zimenezi chikhalidwe zitsulo unbeaten phalanx. anapanga chinthu china anali catapult choyamba. Nkhondo mu 338 BC. e. anakhala akulamulira yekha Greece.

Chimakedoniya osankhika intrigue

Patapita chaka chimodzi, mfumu chotengeka ndi mkazi womveka ku Macedonia, nchifukwa chake ukwati Olympic. Ku ukwati wake woyamba anali ndi ana awiri: a mwana wamkazi ndi wamwamuna, Alexander, Cleopatra amene amayenera li- Patapita Ufumu Ancient Macedonia. Koma ukwati ndi bambo watsopano wa sankasangalala mnyamatayo. Choncho adatsata mayi ake atachoka Macedonia. Philip anapepesa kwa mwana wake, ndipo anabwerera kunyumba, kuyesera kuti kulowerera ndale ndi kufika kwa aliyense wa zipani za nkhondo makolo.

Mu 336 BC. e., pa mwambo wa ukwati wa mwana wa Filipo m'modzi wa asilikali anathamangira kutsogolo ndi kupha mfumu. Iye anafa pa zaka 47.

Wakuphanso anaphedwa pamene anayesa kuthawa. History akadali osadziwika amene anali makasitomala. matchalitchi akhumudwa Olympic. Mlandu ndi Alexander. Komanso pansi kukayikirana anali m'bale wa Games Olympic - dzina lake Aleksandr Molossky. Kenako, mwana wa Philip yokhala mlandu Aperisiya.

zochitika akamaliza bambo

Wolamulira watsopano mu umunthu wa Alexander ali Ancient Macedonia. Greece kale subordinated mfumu yatsopano, koma anaganiza kukwaniritsa ndondomeko bambo ake analanda ndi Persia. Wolamulira anapitiriza kukhala akatswiri ankhondo ndi 334 BC. e. Iye anapita pa adani. Chigonjetso pa dziko kunali kuwala ndi mphezi. Koma pa nkhondo panali vuto - chosowa kumenyana zombo. Alexander Izi kuchepetsa njira yatsopano. Iye anaukira zapansi zofunika panyanja pa dziko.

Pambuyo atagonjetsa adani akale - Aperisiya - mfumu anapita ku Iguputo, zimakhala zazikulu, amene anali kudyetsa ufumu wake wonse. chitukuko ichi ndi wamphamvu kulemekezedwa ndi zaka za mbiri, ndipo kumeneko iye moni mulungu. Egypt anagonja mwaufulu. Ancient Macedonia wapereka kutsogolera zatsopano chitukuko cha chitukuko cha Aigupto ndi Greek.

M'chaka 325 BC. e. dziko malire Aleksandra Makedonskogo linayambira ku Greece ndi gawo la India ano. ulamuliro wake unatha mpaka imfa yake mu 323 BC. e. Chifukwa chenicheni cha imfa ya ambiri chachikulu sakudziwika. Pali lomwe iye anavulazidwa kunkhondo ankadwala matenda, kapena ngakhale kuti iye pomudyetsanso poizoni adani.

Atamwalira Macedon ufumu kugawidwa pakati pa atsogoleri ake.

Maluwa chikhalidwe ufumuwo

Philip anali wothandiza wa Greece. Pali umboni kuti 368-365 zaka. BC. e. iye anali mu ukapolo ku Thebes, lomwe chikhalidwe anachita chidwi mu dziko otukuka. Choncho, atalandidwa Greek analola maganizo yowala nthawi kuti abwerere ku mzinda kwawo, ndi kupitiriza kugwira ntchito. Iye anapempha Agiriki ndi aphunzitsi a mfumu ndi dziko. Chikhalidwe, chinenero kulemba Macedonia akale potengera nzeru za Agiriki.

Pambuyo pa imfa ya Filipo, Alexander anapitiriza kufotokoza mbali yake. Mzinda uliwonse anagonjetsa Inabuka Agiriki, amene anatembenuka mokwanira polis Greek ku kachisi, msika (msika lalikulu) ndi zisudzo. Kutsogoza pa bambo ndi mwana anali kulenga osati lalikulu, komanso kutukuka ufumu.