Walter Ulbricht: yonena, zithunzi ndi mfundo zosangalatsa

Walter Ulbricht anali mmodzi wa kanjedza zofunika kwambiri ndale zaka mazana makumi awiri. Iye anapanga zopereka kwambiri kuti mapangidwe wa German Democratic Republic ndi malo ake pa mapu geopolitical wa unawonongedwa Europe. Pa zaka, utsogoleri anatha amathera chiwerengero kusintha zinthu ndi zachuma amene ukasintha anasintha umoyo ndale moyo East Germany. Aziona zinthu zake polarity kwambiri: ena amakhulupirira Ulbricht ngwazi ya dziko, ndi ena chiwembu.

Walter Ulbricht: yonena

Iye anabadwa pa thirtieth wa June 1893 ku Leipzig. bambo ake anali kalipentala. Msonkhano ili mu nyumba Ulbricht. Choncho, kuyambira ubwana, Walter ntchito mu izo, pothandiza bambo ake. Mapeto Leipzig kusukulu ya pulayimale, kenako akufotokozera ukalipentala ntchito ku situdiyo wake kuyambira 1907. Iye akutenga chidwi ndi ndale. Mu Leipzig pa nthawi imeneyo zosiyanasiyana mabwalo osiyana zokomera. Amawerenga ntchito za Chichewa, Bebel, Marx ndi afilosofi ena German ya kumanzere-phiko. Pa zaka naintini iye akubwera mu Democratic Social Party. Mwakhama nawo ntchito za makomiti m'deralo. Pamene First World nkhondo, ndi Socialists sanaitana kutsogolo, akuganiza zinthu zoopsa. Komabe, pambuyo pa zaka nkhondo yoopsayo, chosankha pansi obwereza. Kaiser amadziwa kuti paseri pa boma ndi zoipa zambiri. Choncho anthu kutengapo mbali ndi onse chilango ndipo pofuna kuti chifukwa zomvetsa.

Nkhondo Yaikulu

Walter Ulbricht usilikali mu 1915. Kutsogolo, chinkhoswe mu Kukwezeleza malingaliro zokomera. Malinga ndi malipoti ena, iye anali nawo fraternization asirikali Russian. "Fraternization" chinachitika mu malo onse ankhondo. Imene asilikali a magulu otsutsana anatuluka kunkhondo kukumana wina ndi mzake. Mu chaka chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chitatu cha Walter Ulbricht amatenga otchedwa "Spartacus League". Izi ndi kwakukulu Marxist bungwe, adayima pa udindo kukana bizinesi, utsamunda ndi nkhondo.

Chiyambi cha ntchito chosintha

Mu chaka chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chitatu Ulbricht demobiliziruyut. Pa nthawi iyi mu German Ufumu zisinthe inayambika. Walter yomweyo uyamba gawo mmenemo. Monga sabata zigawenga zambiri anthu kutsindikiza napasula mafumu ndi kulengeza lipabliki. Ulbricht ndi mbali ya bungwe m'dera la asilikali akuluakulu. Ndiye izo zifika ufulu akuimira ogwira ntchito ndi asilikali a Leipzig. Mu ntchito iyi, Iye amalenga German Communist Party dipatimenti. Kwa chaka wamaliza kukhala mtsogoleri wa komiti ya chigawo. Iye watumikira monga mkonzi wa otchuka nyuzipepala "kalasi nkhondo." Ntchito bwino Leipzig, Walter Ulbricht anasankhidwa kuti Party Committee Central. M'chaka wachiwiri zimayambitsa latsopano Congress "mayiko" - mayanjano Mayiko Communist.

Walter ndi membala wa German ofesi ya kazembe ndi watenga mbali mu msonkhano wa Mayiko mu Moscow. Ineyo pandekha anakumana ndi Lenin. M'chaka-chimodzi, izo m'gulu zikuchokera kwa Reichstag kazembe uku akugwira ntchito mwakhama International. Zina mwa komiti wamkulu ake.

Flight ndi kubisala

Pambuyo kulanda mphamvu ndi Socialists National anayamba kuzunza chikominisi. SS amachititsa anaziika wa kanjedza onse otchuka wa chikominisi ndi maphwando zokomera pakati pawo Walter Ulbricht. wandale German amapita mobisa. M'chaka-chachitatu cha chizunzo zokayikitsa ulamuliro anthu ikupita patsogolo latsopano. Walter akuthamanga Soviet Union. M'chaka-wachisanu wa anakwatira mu Bureau Political wa chipanichi. Patatha zaka zitatu, iye akuchira udindo wake International. Chiyambireni cha Spanish Civil nkhondo anatumiza kumeneko monga mlangizi wa andale. Pambuyo chigonjetso cha Franco iye anachoka France. Koma m'dziko latsopano si motalika. Pambuyo ntchito m'gawo French cha Nazi Ulbricht anabwerera ku Moscow. Pambuyo chiyambi cha Great kukonda dziko lako chinkhoswe mu propaganda pakati pa asilikali German ndi alonda. Pankhondo ya Stalingrad mwa munthu kupyolera okamba anaitanitsa asilikali German kuti mudzipereke. Mu chaka cha forte chachitatu cha odana ndi Hitler amalenga Komiti ya usilikali.

Pambuyo pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World

Chikadzangotha mchigonjetso Wamkulu kukonda dziko lako Nkhondo ya Soviet Union ukuyamba moyo wamtendere m'magawo mukukhala. Kuti akonze boma latsopano kumayambiriro kwa May mu Berlin akubwera wandale Walter Ulbricht ndi zithunzi zisanu ndi zinayi za mobisa chikominisi. Amathandiza kubwezeretsa mabungwe yapachiweniweni ku Berlin ndiyeno lonse la Germany. Atagwa ulamuliro wa Nazi ku East Germany mwalamulo ukugwira zipani zingapo. Ulbricht mitu mmodzi wa iwo - SPEG. A kuchuluka kwa ophunzira yogwira ndi luntha agwirizane chipani latsopano.

Walter Ulbricht, wandale German: yonena, zithunzi pa mutu wa GDR

Mu makumi asanu ndi, Walter wobwezera mutu wa German Democratic Republic. Komabe, iye akuzisunga malo ake akale nduna yaikulu kazembe. Choncho, Ulbricht akupanga umadalila mphamvu zonse. Mu maganizo ake, iye anali wotsimikiza za Stalinist. yomanga sosholisimu inayamba mu dziko. kusintha Land walola kumana eni kufamuwa ndi kusamutsa kwa kasamalidwe ka chuma cha dziko. Iwo anayamba nationalization amakampani.

Pachimake ndale

Kukakamizidwa mafakitale mu owonongedwa pambuyo nkhondo zinachititsa kuti mavuto azachuma ndi kusakhutira wa anthu. Chinthu udani otchuka anakhala Walter Ulbricht. German wandale amene yonena chiwerengedwa nthawi angapo ovuta, pamene amanena kuti makumi atatu masiku July anali ovuta kwambiri chifukwa cha iye mu moyo. Misa kuponya kunkakhala kupanduka lotseguka. Walter anafunika kupempha thandizo kwa Soviet Union. asilikali Soviet anali kudzipatula kwa misewu, mizinda yambiri, ndi mlembi wamkulu anali atabisala pa dera la makonzedwe ankalamulira ankakakamiza. Pa yimitsira la kupanduka Ulbricht anatha kwathunthu kuwononga otsutsa mkati chipani.

kusintha zimene

lamulo la boma la Ulbricht ankafunitsitsa kwenikweni konzanso wa zomangamanga ndi mphamvu yopanga. nyumbayi lamadyerero anatengedwera ndinayamba. Andale anaonekera kutsutsa osati GDR, komanso boma la Russia. Lavrenti Beria mobwerezabwereza amakayikira zochita ndi njira Walter. Iye ankakhulupirira kuti njira zambiri socialization ndi kudzipatula sukulu yekha amawateteza anthu ku boma.

Chifukwa, Ulbricht anaitana Moscow afotokoze pa kuunikanso malamulo onse. Pambuyo pake, mbati, "mbamphedza" magulu a Gulu Soviet wa Mphamvu mu GDR Semenov. M'chaka cha sikisite chimodzi icho chinali chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri pambuyo nkhondo Europe. Soviet Union anaperekedwa mwalamulo adzalamulira dziko m'manja mwa Ulbricht. Pankhaniyi, asilikali US akadali West Berlin. Iwo anayamba pamavuto aakulu. Pakati pa likulu German chabe mamita angapo Chrixitu panali akasinja wa USSR ndi USA. Kuchuluka otaya othawa kwawo ku Germany West. Pankhaniyi, apo panali mmodzi yekha unclosed malire kuwoloka mfundo. Pofuna dissociate yokha ku Republic of Germany Federal, pa boma Socialist ukapezeka dongosolo makoma erection pakati pa Berlin. chisankho unapangidwa panokha Valter Ulbriht. Photo pa khoma, zomwe anayamba mopupuluma chilili ndi khumi ndi chitatu wa August, anayenda mozungulira TV dziko lonse.

khoma Ulbricht

Pambuyo pomanga khoma anayamba nyengo yatsopano kwa moyo ndale za GDR. Mu nthawi yochepa ndondomeko yatsopano zachuma unakhazikitsidwa. Ambiri makampani kale nationalized zinalumikizana pansi matupi wina bungwe. Pambuyo kukonza za mavuto azandale East Germany ali okhazikika. Komabe, yonena Moscow anali kuonongedwa ndi Walter. Anthu pamwamba pa iye nthawi zambiri adaseleula motere naye. Nthabwala zambiri ndi nicknames Leipzig kusekedwa ka wake ndi mawu-majeremusi Walter.

Lamulo la Presidium za Supreme Soviet la USSR pa June 29, 1963, chopereka ake pa polimbana Fascism pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World ndipo mogwirizana ndi chikumbutso 70 za kubadwa kwa Ulbricht Walter anali kupereka mutu Hero wa Soviet Union ndi dongosolo la Lenin ndi Mendulo "Gold Star" .

M'chaka sevente-loyamba, Brezhnev panokha inalamula yosiya wa Ulbricht. Atakambirana zingapo ndi Mlembi General anafunsa yosiya otsiriza a. Woyamba mu August 1973 anamwalira, Walter Ulbricht. GDR kwakukulukulu kalipo lamuloli. Iye anafotokoza chitukuko ndi malamulo a dziko kwa zaka zambiri kudza.