Cheza maziko

The cheza maziko - ndi cheza cha nyukiliya chiyambi, amene ali pano mu dziko magwero opangidwa ndi masoka. Tikumbukenso kuti munthu anakhudzidwa kalekale. N'zosatheka kupewa kwathunthu cheza. Padziko Lapansi, moyo unachokera ndipo anayamba pansi walitsa mosalekeza. Background cheza tichipeza zigawo izi: kutentha kwa radionuclides yokumba, yomwe munthu; kutentha kwa radionuclides ali mu mlengalenga, dziko lapansi kutumphuka ndi zinthu zina za chilengedwe; Space.

The walitsa ndi mkati ndi kunja. inawo chifukwa cha magwero kuti zili kunja kwa thupi (pansi ndi danga). Radionuclides kuti ndi mwachindunji mu thupi la munthu, padzuwa mkati imagwiridwa. The cheza maziko m'dera amayezedwa padzuwa mlingo.

Chifukwa malo cheza mlingo mu sate-faifi millirem pa chaka amalandira ambiri a anthu a lathuli. Pafupifupi yofanana anthu ku magwero mwachibadwa zikuchitika kuti ali kunja. Iwo ali mlingo mkati ndi za zana ndi makumi asanu millirem pa chaka pa avareji. Choncho, chiwerengero cha mkati ndi kunja kukhudzana anthu, amene anachokera ku zinthu zachilengedwe, ndiye pafupifupi mazana awiri mrem miyezi khumi.

magwero zina cheza ndi zotsatira mmene anthu pa chilengedwe kuti wazungulira, kuphatikizapo radionuclides achilengedwe amene lalikulu zedi moti ali yotengedwa Lapansi ndi zipangizo yaiwisi zomangira, feteleza, mafuta, mafuta ndi malasha, ndi zina zotero.

Muyeso wa maziko cheza ndi zofunika kwambiri ndi kufuna ndondomeko. Mu nkhani iyi, n'kupita kuti ndi owopsa kukhala. Radiological tione kofunika kwa onse amene amasamala za thanzi lawo. Pamene kuyeza maziko cheza kuwunika kunja Popanga madzi a gamma-cheza pansi; cheza kuyan'anila zipangizo chakudya ndi mankhwala zakudya; ulamulire zitsanzo anasankha zinyansi mafakitale; matabwa, zitsulo ndi mankhwala ake, zomangira; ulamuliro kumwa ndi madzi mafakitale.

Ionizing cheza akutchedwa, ndi mwachindunji kapena ayi angathe kuchititsa mapangidwe zoipa ndi zabwino mlandu ayoni (ionization wa ozungulira chilengedwe).

M'nthawi ya dziko lapansi ali ionizing cheza anagawira m'malere. zinthu nyukiliya pano pa dziko lapansi kutumphuka, ndi kunyezimira dziko ndi onyamula mwachibadwa zikuchitika ionizing cheza.

Magwero a ionizing cheza ndi zipangizo aya mkulu voteji mlandu-tinthu accelerators, yokumba nyukiliya isotopes, nyukiliya, makina x-ray, etc. Ionizing cheza onse yokumba ndi zachilengedwe, kungakhale corpuscular ndi mu atomu (kwadzidzidzi kapena fotoni).

Onse ali ndi zopatsa mphamvu ndi zikhoza kusintha mu nyumba kwachilengedwenso maselo, lingachititse ku imfa.

The cheza maziko chiopsezo zolondola ziyenera si chifukwa kusintha zoonekeratu kuti zingawathandize kulembetsa cholinga, Mlingo ka ionizing cheza sayambitsa. Kwathunthu chikoka cha maziko cheza pa thupi la munthu sanapezeke. Mwamtheradi sangatengedwe kukhala otetezeka mlingo uliwonse, kuphatikizapo amene kwaiye cheza maziko. Komabe, zosatheka kuti azindikire zotsatira ochepa kwambiri (chiopsezo) pa mlingo wochepa.