Hero wa Soviet Union Dolina Mariya Ivanovna

The Great kukonda dziko lako nkhondo wasiya ana ambiri maina lalikulu la ndege Soviet. Mmodzi wa iwo - Dolina Mariya Ivanovna. Iye anali kupereka mutu Hero wa Soviet Union ndipo kupereka dongosolo la Lenin ndi Red Chabwino.

zaka zoyambirira

Anabadwa Dolina Mariya Ivanovna December 18, 1922 Sharovka - Mudzi ili mu dera Omsk. Makolo ake anali anthu wamba Siberia wamba ndi chiyambi Chiyukireniya. bambo a mtsikanayo anali atamenya nawo Civil nkhondo ndi apo anaduka miyendo.

Chifukwa cha kulumala kwa breadwinner, banja anasamukira ku Zaporizhzhya dera, kumene mtsikana maphunziro asanu ndi atatu kalasi sekondale sukulu. Mwana nthawi zonse anakopeka ndege. Mu 1939, iye anamaliza maphunziro Kherson ndege sukulu. Kuti tikafike kumeneko, Mariya Ivanovna Dolina anawonjezera kuti zaka zawo awiri, kotero kuti mu zolembedwa zonse boma chaka cha kubadwa kwake kuwayamikira monga TH 1920. Papayu amenewa anali anzake ambiri, makamaka pamene nkhondo itayamba, ndipo asilikali maofesi yolembetsera sanathe kupita aliyense akhale kutsogolo.

The Red Army

Mosiyana ndi ngwazi zina zambiri za nkhondo, anakhala usilikali chifukwa cha nkhondo ya Wehrmacht, Dolina Mariya Ivanovna walandira luso zonse zofunikira mu yamtendere. Nditamaliza maphunziro kusukulu ndege mu Kherson, anayamba kugwira ntchito monga mlangizi woyendetsa mu Osoaviahima. Ndinkakhala Dnepropetrovsk ndi Nikolaev.

Pamene mu 1941 nkhondo inayambika, Dolina Mariya Ivanovna ngati katswiri wapatali yomweyo inalowa mu Red Army. mkazi woyamba polimba 587th yoponya mabomba alumali. zankhondo ake anali ndege "Pe-2." Zinali madzi yoponya mabomba, anakamba pa za Kazan ndege mbewu.

Pa Wamkulu kukonda dziko lako

sortie wake aviator koyamba pafupi ndi Stalingrad, kumene tsoka la nkhondo m'njira zambiri. Kenako Maria Valley kosalekeza kudutsa kuchokera kutsogolo kutsogolo. Wachita kumenyana mu mlengalenga Kuban, Northern Caucasus ndi Kursk. Pa chomaliza nkhondo aviator iye anachita nawo kumasulidwa kwa Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic ndiponso mayiko Baltic.

M'manja chingathe "Pe-2" anakhala chida chophera ukuperekedwa otsutsa German. A Mariya Ivanovna Dolina, ndithudi anali katswiri koona ngakhale mnyamatayu kwambiri. Pafupifupi sortie lake linatha ndi zomvetsa mu msasa wa adani. The "Pe-2" Mary Valley sanali kuyenda panyanja zochepa wanzeru - Galina Dzhunkovsky.

The 125-mamita alumali ndege

Mu 1943, Mariya Dolina walandira udindo watsopano. Iye anakhala kazembe mkulu wa 125 alonda yoponya mabomba Regiment wamkazi. Pa nthawi yomweyo ndi mapangidwe asilikali anapatsidwa dzina la wotchuka Soviet woyendetsa wina - Mariny Raskovoy, amene anafa pafupi Saratov mu ndege kutsogolo.

Oyendetsa wa Regiment, amene anali ngati Mariya Dolina kuwononga zida, anthu oti ndi chitetezo cha mdani pa magombe a mtsinje wa Volga, komwe mu 1943 panali mavuto onse mu Wamkulu zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo. "Pe-2" anapereka yojambula ya akasinja Soviet pa wotchuka Nkhondo ya Kursk.

Polimbirana Crimea

Pafupifupi woyendetsa za Great kukonda dziko lako nkhondo nkhondo chimene chinali kukhala atsopano. Ndinali amenewa chochitika ndi Dolina Mariya Ivanovna. Pilot anapatsidwa ntchito kuwononga mipherezero angapo pafupi ndi mudzi Kuban Cossack otchedwa Crimea. Mu mlengalenga pa malo awa June 2, 1943 ake "chuma" walandira zinawonongeka kwambiri - chidutswa cha mpukutu wa chipolopolo odana ndege inagunda imodzi Motors lapansi.

Mariya Dolina anatsogolera squadron anasiya kugwirizana. Pa nthawi imene cholinga anali basi kuzungulira ngodya, injini galimoto anayamba kuthamanga akhakula. The ndege anayamba kusokera. Adalira wa Valley kumbuyo squadron chachikulu, mkati limene iye anachita utumiki wake. Koma ngakhale mu makina boma adalira anapitiriza kumenyana. Mipherezero Ground anali mabomba ndi cholinga mwa lamulo, ndi kuphedwa. Pobwerera, "Pe-2" anabwera pansi moto angapo omenyana latsopano German.

Mu nkhondo ya gunner kuti "Pe-2" kuthamangitsidwa mfuti. Valley mu zinthu izi anaganiza ndichepe. Mu malo ichi, mmwamba ndi m'modzi mwa "Messers". ndegeyo anabwera pafupi, kotero kuti woyendetsa anaona mdani German. Kudzera zenera lakutsogolo kwa iye anawakwezera Valley, woyamba ndiyeno zala ziwiri. mkazi hadapibvesesa phindu manja. Only ndiye ine anafotokoza kuti woyendetsa German ofunsidwa angati limatcha kuti atsitse galimoto yake. Koma palibe chimene chinachitika. Mu zowawa skirmish adalira Valley kugonja mdani "Ine-109" ndi FW 190.

Komabe, mu Soviet "Pe" anayamba moto. Valley si khungu ndi moto chifukwa izo Galina Dzhunkovsky nthawi kuvala magalasi ake (manja oyendetsa anali otanganidwa nthawi zonse). Mary mozizwitsa tidakocheza ndege makilomita awiri okha kuchokera kutsogolo. Mwamsanga pamene oyendetsa Mwamsanga anasiya galimoto, yawoyo.

mu Belarus

Total Mariya Ivanovna Dolina mu nkhondo ankachititsa 72 sorties. Pamene gulu lankhondo Soviet anamasula Belarus, aviatrix zina zambiri makamaka wowala bwino ntchito mu mlengalenga. Mwachitsanzo, July 26, 1944 unali n'kuwononga pamalo abwino zofunika sitima gawo pafupi Orsha, amene Germany ntchito kunyamula zinthu.

sitima ambiri ndi zida ndi zinthu zina zofunika mabomba Mariya Ivanovna Dolina. Photo wachichepere womenya woyendetsa kunagwa mu atolankhani Soviet mu kumbuyo ndi kutsogolo. Maulendo ake boldest amaonetsa pa dziko lonse monga zitsanzo za mtima ndi Luso.

Pa nkhondo pa Belarus Borisov Valley anthu oyendetsa anaponya pennant ndi kalatayo. kalata analimbikitsa woyendetsa anzake msanga kubwezeretsa kwawo. Atakhala zaka 15, anthu a Borisov chinali chikumbutso cha zotsatira, atolankhani m'dera anakumbukira za pennant Yambitsaninso. Iwo anali ndi ntchito yambiri kuti mupeze Mary Valley, umene panthawi imeneyo ankakhala mu Baltic States. Wogwila wa nyuzipepala Chibelarusi anafunsa mafunso angapo ndi aviatrix wotchuka. Kukambirana olembedwa kenako anapanga maziko a essays mbiri za Marii Dolinoy.

nkhondo itatha,

Pambuyo kugonjetsedwa Germany mu August 1945, Valley walandira choyenera mutu wa Hero wa Soviet Union. mkazi n'kumaonera mu Air Force. Isanafike 1950, iye anali kazembe mkulu wa Soviet yoponya mabomba regiments mpweya. Pa zaka 28 iye anasiya katundu.

Mu wotsatira nthawi ntchito Party Communist ndi njira imodzi, amene wasankha Dolina Mariya Ivanovna. Hero wa Soviet Union anali kukhala mu mzinda Chilituyaniya wa Siauliai, kumene maphunziro Party School. 60 wakale aviatrix anagwira ntchito mabungwe Chilativiya wa CPSU ndi ankakhala Riga. Iye anasankhidwa kukhala m'deralo chapakati Komiti ya Party Communist.

Popeza 1983, Mariya Dolina ankakhala Kiev. Utatha Soviet Union walandira Chiyukireniya nzika. Iye anafa Kiev March 3, 2010 pa msinkhu wa zaka 87. The m'manda a ndege wotchuka anakhala kuno flannelette manda.