Zotsala mankhwala - ndi mfundo yaikulu ya Marxism

Zotsala mankhwala - ndi mfundo masamu, amene anayamba kupanga Karlom Marksom. Iye poyamba ntchito, mu 1844, mutawerenga buku la James Mill a "Zochitika za Economy Political." Komabe, ubweya mankhwala - si atayamba Marx. Concept, makamaka ntchito Physiocrats. Komabe, Marx kuchiika pakati pa phunziro la mbiri zachuma.

Mu zapamwamba za

Zotsala mankhwala - ndi owonjezera revenues aakulu pa ndalama. Chifukwa chuma ndi kuti amalenga chuma. Komabe, ubweya mankhwala si chidwi palokha, kodi chofunika ndi mmene kukula zachuma. Ndipo izo siziri mophweka kuchimvetsa. Nthawi zina zotsala mankhwala - ndi zotsatira za akagulitse wa chuma wogwila. Komanso akhoza kuoneka mu ndondomeko za kuwonjezeka kufunika anawonjezera kupanga. Ndipo mmene anali analandira ubweya mankhwala kudzadalira mmene zimakhudza kukula zachuma.

Choncho mukhoza kukhala watanthauzo chifukwa ena, mwa chilengedwe cha zatsopano kapena ndi kaphatikizidwe njira onse. Kwa zaka zingapo chuma sakanakhoza kufika kugwirizana pa momwe kuganizira yekha chuma zina analengedwa ndi dziko. Physiocrats, mwachitsanzo, ankakhulupirira kuti chinthu chokha dziko.

Zotsala mankhwala: tanthauzo la Marx

Mu "Capital", timakumana ndi ntchito mphamvu lingaliro. Izi ndi mbali ya anthu, amene amalenga mankhwala chikhalidwe. Yotsirizira zikuphatikizapo kupanga lonse la katundu watsopano ndi ntchito yoti nthawi zina za nthawi. Marx chimasiyanitsa amaphatikizapo zofunika ndi ubweya mankhwala. Woyamba zikuphatikizapo malonda onse amene ntchito kuti mosavuta muyezo wa amoyo. Ndi wofanana ndi mtengo okwana kubalana wa anthu. Poyankha, ubweya-mankhwala - ndi kupanga ubweya. Ndipo iwo akhoza anagawira kotero kusankha akulamulira ndi ntchito kalasi. Koyamba, lingaliro ndi lophweka, koma ubweya-mankhwala mawerengedwe kwenikweni zinadzala ndi mavuto ndithu. Ndipo pali zifukwa zingapo:

• Part ntchito ya mankhwala chikhalidwe ayenera zobisika.
• Chinthu china chimene complicating ndi zosiyana - ndi anthu kukula. Ndipotu, m'pofunika kubala kuposa Zikuoneka ngati inu mumawerengera chokha chiwerengero cha anthu pa chiyambi kwa chaka.
• Ulova si ziro. Choncho, pali nthawi gawo la anthu ntchito, zaka zimenezo amakhala likuvutika ena. Ndipo amagwiritsa mankhwala ukhoza kukhala ngati ubweya wa.

kayesedwe

Mu "Capital" Marx alibe kudziwa njira momwe kuwerengetsa zonse zotsala mankhwala. Iye anali ndi chidwi kwambiri mu maubale kugwirizana nazo. Komabe, n'zoonekeratu kuti ubweya mankhwala tingasonyezere mawu thupi, mayunitsi ndalama ndi maola ogwilira ntchito. Kuwerengetsa inu muyenera deta zotsatirazi:

• Uthunthu ndi buku la kupanga.
• Zochita za dongosolo anthu.
• Ndalama ndi zofunika.
• Chiwerengero cha maola anthu a kudzinenera osiyana.
• Mowa.
• Peculiarities kwa misonkho.

ntchito

Kupanga mankhwala ena atengeka ndi kulenga ena. Komabe, ndalama si wolingana ndi ndalama. Laling'ono ubweya cholengedwa chopangidwa kumabungwe amene kupereka akadzabweranso kuthungo. Izi dera ya nchito yaikulu. Mwachitsanzo, ulimi. Chifukwa ubweya mankhwala angagwiritsidwe ntchito motere:

• Ine pachabe.
• Otetezedwa kapena kusunga.
• Kudyedwa.
• Anagulitsa.
• Reinvested.

Taganizirani chitsanzo yosavuta kumva. Tiyerekeze kuti panali zinthu zabwino nyengo, tinatha kukolola bwino chaka chatha. Sikokwanira okha zosoŵa za anthu onse, koma anakhalabe zotsala. Titani nawo? Poyamba, mukhoza kusiya iwo kuvunda m'munda. Pankhaniyi, mankhwala zochuluka adzakhala pachabe. Mukhozanso kuika zotsala kwa nyumba yosungiramo katundu, kuzigulitsa ndi kugula mankhwala ena, kubzala madera zina. Yotsirizira ndi analogue a reinvestment lapansi. Timaika zilipo zinthu ufulu kuti augment zina chuma chathu m'tsogolo.