Kubalana wa anthu

chiwerengero ndi kubalana wa anthu ndi umodzi wa zowonetsera mlingo wa moyo chikhalidwe. mfundo zimenezi mlingo wa kulenganso mibadwo ya anthu. Kubalana wa anthu nthawi ankamuona ngati mitundu mitundu itatu ya kayendedwe anthu: okhudza malo, masoka ndi chikhalidwe.

Poganizira njira monga kulenganso mibadwo, tisaiwale kufunika kwake mu chitukuko cha anthu. Malinga ndi olemba zambiri, kubalana wa anthu ndi dera osiyana zenizeni chikhalidwe. Monga ndondomeko ndi ufulu kulenganso mibadwo akukumana lalikulu zimakhudza mbali zina m'moyo chikhalidwe. Pa nthawi yomweyo kubalana wa anthu amakhudza kwambiri mbali zina za moyo. Chifukwa cha zimachitika izi anapanga amafuna cholinga cha njira zonse kugwirizana ndi moyo wa anthu.

kubalana anthu amaona chinthu probabilistic. Ndipamene misa wakutali mwachisawawa ngozi - imfa ndi kubereka. Anapitiriza kuli anthu amapereka kuteteza zinthu zofunika umene mogwirizana ndi chilengedwe kunja. N'zotheka, malinga ndi akatswiri pa dongosolo linalake, osati randomness zaziwerengero otaya. Zimenezi, chifukwa cha kupitirirabe zaziwerengero njira kasamalidwe dongosolo. Iwo (njira) ndi khalidwe kwa chilengedwe. Chifukwa cha iwo, zimatheka mosalekeza watsopano zomera ndi nyama anthu, komanso mtendere wa anthu.

Pambuyo zikamera wa anthu mu ndondomeko kasamalidwe ka kusintha Mkhalidwe mu kubalana wa anthu. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo kwachilengedwenso njira kubalana ulamuliro n'kuyamba chikhalidwe. Mapangidwe ubale wolimba ndi anthu kuti kusamala ndi kupanga moyo anthu chikwiyire zikamera wa kubalana monga ndondomeko determinacy chikhalidwe. Ndithudi, izi sizikutanthauza kuti anasowa yeniyeni zaziwerengero, kwachilengedwenso cholinga zofooka, malinga ndi zomwe dongosolo la ulamuliro chikhalidwe anthu resumption.

A muyeso kachulukidwe la kubalana Chili mlingo chonde boma amasonyezedwa zimagwiritsa ntchito f (x) ndi omwalira amasonyezedwa kupulumuka ntchito L (x). X mu ntchitozo - zaka. Mawu zowombetsa mkota ntchito anati ndi aakulu chiŵerengero (R) la kubalana, komanso moyo amayembekezeka e0. Pankhaniyi, ndi zosabvuta ena amaloledwa, amene amagwirizana ndi mfundo kuti akalozera f (x) ndi L (x) ndi mwapadera kumatanthauza ndi R e0, mmene palibe kubwerera ku umodzi m'makalata.

Akafuna kubalana f (x) ndi L (x) ndi exogenous magawo. Chiwerengerochi bwino kupanga amkati magawo C (x) (kapangidwe ka zaka anthu) ndi muyeso wa kuwonjezera chiwerengero - mlingo ukonde R0 ndi woona kukula zachilengedwe r Mukhoza mlingo. Izi zizindikiro ziwiri zimaonetsa kusintha ubale magawo osiyana nthawi. Mbali yoyamba, m'badwo kutalika T, ndi lachiwiri - alipidwa muyeso kalendala nthawi (kawirikawiri chaka). Choncho, r Mukhoza chiŵerengero = lnR0 / T.

Tikumbukenso kuti Russia amalembedwa Amowabu mitundu ndi dera kusiyana kwa kubalana wa anthu.

Russia kubalana a anthu theka lachiwiri la zana la 19 anali yodziwika ndi mtengo mkulu kubadwa ndi imfa. Mu nthawi prewar mitengo chonde anayamba kutha mofulumira mu zigawo otukuka.